Reproductive System

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

♫ REPRODUCTION ♫-is the process

by which human beings,

plants and animalscreate more of

theirown kind.

♫ SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ♫ Requires two cells.

“egg cell”- Female& “sperm cell”- Male

Egg and Sperm combinesto form new organism.

New organism is genetically different from the parents.

♫ ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ♫

Involves only one parent

producingidentical

offspring with the exact same genetic material.

♫ HUMAN REPRODUCTION ♫ MALE REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEM FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEM

♫ MENSTRUATION ♫If the egg is not fertilized,

it diesProcess of the unfertilized

egg, together with the inner lining and the blood vessel of the uterus, is then slowly discharged through the vagina.

♫ FERTILIZATION ♫

Union of the sperm and egg cell.

Semen containing millions of sperm is discharged from penis to vagina.

If the sperm and egg unite.

♫ PREGNANCY ♫

Begins when a fertilized egg attaches itself to the lining of the uterus.

♫ BIRTH ♫ Begins when the muscles of

the uterus become active causing the mother to have labor pains.

Muscle action continue until the placenta, now called afterbirth, is discharged through the vagina.

♫ TWINS ♫ Sometimes a fertilized egg

splits into 2 parts and each develop into fetus.

Identical twins – which are the same sex and similar in appearance.

When the 2 eggs are released at about the time and both are fertilized.

Fraternal Twins – are of different sexes and appearance.

♫ TWINS ♫

♫ ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ♫ This is the process that

may replace normal copulation.

The semen is removed from male and placed in the vagina of a female to initiate pregnancy.

♫ ANIMAL REPRODUCTION ♫5 SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES

OF ANIMALS1. VIVIPARITY- developing organism

grows inside the female’s body and receive nourishment, then the young born alive.

“MAMMALS”

♫ ANIMAL REPRODUCTION ♫5 SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES

OF ANIMALS2. OVIPARITY- females lay eggs in

shells outside their bodies . The eggs contain the food materials to feed the young until it hatches.

“REPTILES & BIRDS”

5 SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSESOF ANIMALS

3. OVOVIPARITY – Eggs remain inside the female until the young hatch.

“FISH & AMPHIBIANS”

♫ ANIMAL REPRODUCTION ♫

♫ ANIMAL REPRODUCTION ♫5 SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES

OF ANIMALS

4. HERMAPHRODITE- Some organismwherein both egg & sperm areproduced in the same organism.“EARTHWORMS & SPONGES”

♫ ANIMAL REPRODUCTION ♫5 SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE PROCESSES

OF ANIMALS5. PARTHENOGENESIS- Eggs develops

into an adult without benefit of fertilization.

“HONEYBEES & WASPS”

♫ ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ♫

1. Binary fission- involves splitting of one celled-organism like the Amoeba into two cells.2. Fragmentation- animal like planaria breaks into 2 or more parts and each part develops into a complete new adult.

♫ ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ♫

3. Budding- organism develops as an outgrowth of the parent. – occurs in sponges4. Sporulation- when a organism produces and releases one-celled structures called pores. Each pore develops into complete new organism.- occurs in Paramecium

♫ PLANT REPRODUCTION ♫Sexual Reproduction

Stamen- male reproductive part composed of anther & filament

Anther- produces store & pollen grains.

Filament- support the anther.

♫ PLANT REPRODUCTION ♫Sexual reproduction

Pistil- female reproductive part, its compose stigma, style & ovary.Ovary- produces & stores egg.Stigma- opening that receives the

pollen grain.

♫ PLANT REPRODUCTION ♫SELF-POLLINATION

occurs in plants that have both the pistil and stamen so pollination can be carried from a stamen to a pistil of the same plant.

♫ PLANT REPRODUCTION ♫CROSS-POLLINATION

occurs in plants that have only the stamen or the pistil so that the pollination can be carried from a stamen on one plant to a pistil of another plant.

♫ PLANT REPRODUCTION ♫Like animals, it also involves processes like:1. Binary Fission2. Budding3. Sporulation4. Vegetative propagation

Occurs when parts of a plant is cut from a parent then grow into a complete new plant.

ABNORMALITIES / DISEASES /DISORDERS OF THE

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Fibroid tumors are noncancerous (benign) growths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. While fibroids do not always cause symptoms, their size and location can lead to problems for some women, including pain and heavy bleeding, They typically improve after menopause when the level of estrogen,the female hormone that circulates in the blood, decreases dramatically.However, menopausal women who are takingsupplemental estrogen (hormone replacement therapy) may not experience relief of symptoms.

Endometriosis is a gynecological condition in which cells from the lining of the Uterus (endometrium) appear and flourish outside the uterine cavity, most commonly on the membrane which lines the abdominal cavity, the peritoneum. The uterine cavity is lined with endometrial cells, which are under the influence of female hormones. Endometrial cells in areas outside the uterus are also influenced by hormonal changes and respond in a way that is similar to the cells found inside the uterus.

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An ovarian cyst is any collection of fluid, surrounded by a very thin wall, within an ovary. Any ovarian follicle that is larger than about two centimeters is termed an ovarian cyst. Such cysts range in size from as small as a pea to larger than an orange.

A-Acquired- because it’s condition one must acquire or get infected with, not something transmitted through the genes.I-Immune- because it affects the body’s immune system, the part of the body w/c usually works to fight of germs as bacteria and viruses.

What is AIDS?

What is AIDS?

D-Deficiency- because it makes the immune system deficient (makes not work properly)

S-Syndrome- because someone with Aids may experience a wide range different diseases and opportunistic infections.

WHAT is HIV?H-Human- because this virus can only infecthuman beings.

I-Immuno-defiency- because the effect of the virus is to create a deficiency, a failure to work properly, within the body’s immune system.V-Virus- organism is a virus, ins icapable by reproducing itself.

Chlamydia- sexually transmitted disease cause by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

Genital Herpes- caused by herpes virus, causes a painful outbreak of blisters on the external genitals or on the cervix.

Genital warts- are small projection of the skin around the vaginal opening in women or the penis scrotum in men.

Gonorrhea- produces vaginal discharge, pain when urinating, vaginal

bleeding, and redness and irritation of genital area.Hepatitis B- can also be acquired sexually.

It is caused by a virus that can cause liver damage.

Syphilis- begins with a large, ulcerated, sore called a chancre.

Trichomonas- caused by a parasite and commonly caused heavy, odorous, greenish, or yellowish vaginal

discharge.Vaginitis- is inflammation of the vagina

that usually causes itching and burning or a heavy odorous discharge.