The Reproductive SystemThe Reproductive System

Chapter 27Chapter 27

Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive System

The ScrotumThe Scrotum

The Testes and EpididymisThe Testes and Epididymis

The Testes and EpididymisThe Testes and Epididymis

The Ductus Deferens and GlandsThe Ductus Deferens and Glands

Urethra and PenisUrethra and Penis

SpermSperm

Three regionsThree regions Head with acrosomeHead with acrosome Mid-piece or bodyMid-piece or body TailTail

Enzyme HyaluronidaseEnzyme Hyaluronidase

Physiology of Male SystemPhysiology of Male System

Sperm AnalysisSperm Analysis One of the first tests done to determine male infertilityOne of the first tests done to determine male infertility Sterile if less than 20 million sperm per mlSterile if less than 20 million sperm per ml

ErectionErection Controlled by the parasympathetic nervous systemControlled by the parasympathetic nervous system Nitric oxide causes the smooth muscles to relax and Nitric oxide causes the smooth muscles to relax and

the blood vessels to dilatethe blood vessels to dilate

EjaculationEjaculation Controlled by the sympathetic nervous systemControlled by the sympathetic nervous system Also called climax or orgasmAlso called climax or orgasm

GametogenesisGametogenesis

Occurs by Meiosis Occurs by Meiosis rather than mitosisrather than mitosis

Results in four Results in four daughter cells rather daughter cells rather than twothan two

Reduces chromosome Reduces chromosome number by one-halfnumber by one-half

Process of MeiosisProcess of Meiosis

Process of MeiosisProcess of Meiosis

Process of MeiosisProcess of Meiosis

Hormonal ControlHormonal Control

SpermatogenesisSpermatogenesis

Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System

OvariesOvaries

OvariesOvaries

Uterine tubes and UterusUterine tubes and Uterus

Uterine tubes and UterusUterine tubes and Uterus

EndometriumEndometrium

VaginaVagina

External AnatomyExternal Anatomy

External AnatomyExternal Anatomy

Mammary GlandsMammary Glands

Mammary GlandsMammary Glands

OogenesisOogenesis

Ovarian CycleOvarian Cycle

Follicular phaseFollicular phase

OvulationOvulation

Luteal phaseLuteal phase

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

The Ovarian CycleThe Ovarian Cycle

Hormonal InfluenceHormonal Influence

Uterine CycleUterine Cycle

Menstrual stage (menses)Menstrual stage (menses)

Pre-ovulatory stage (proliferative)Pre-ovulatory stage (proliferative)

Post-ovulatory stage (secretory)Post-ovulatory stage (secretory)

The Menstrual CycleThe Menstrual Cycle

Hormonal InfluenceHormonal Influence

Hormonal EffectsHormonal Effects

Hormonal EffectsHormonal Effects

Homeostatic ImbalancesHomeostatic Imbalances

Testicular cancerTesticular cancer Prostate cancerProstate cancer ProstatitisProstatitis CryptochidismCryptochidism ImpotenceImpotence Pelvic inflammatory Pelvic inflammatory

diseasedisease Cervical cancerCervical cancer Uterine prolapse Uterine prolapse NondisjunctionNondisjunction

Sexually transmitted Sexually transmitted diseasesdiseases GonorrheaGonorrhea SyphilisSyphilis ChlamydiaChlamydia Genital wartsGenital warts Genital herpesGenital herpes

Amenorrhea and Amenorrhea and menopausemenopause

DysmenorrheaDysmenorrhea EndometriosisEndometriosis