Intro to Greece session 2

Classical Greecesession ii - Polis

course outline

i - Origins

ii - Polis

iii - Colonies & Tyrants

iv - Sparta & Athens

v - Great Wars, 490-404

vi - Golden Age

vii - Second Military Revolution

viii - Hellenism

Major Points in the last Session

We study ancient Greece for many reasons, especially because it is the foundation of Western Civilization

Archaeology is our primary source of knowledge about prehistoric Greece

The bronze age culture of Mycenaean Greece was aristocratic

There are complex problems in using Homer as an historical source

The Greek Dark Ages followed the collapse of the Mycenaean Age

Recent discoveries about this period have added much information

Questions to answer in this session

What were the Greek beliefs about justice? How did they relate to the polis?

What exactly is a polis?

Was Athens a typical polis?

What produced the agrarian revolution?

How did it proceed?

What were its political and military consequences?

How did hoplite soldier-farmers become the essence of the polis?

review of the last session

Achilles and Patroklos

Ancient Sparta--theater

Aristotle

Delphitholos

Delphitreasure house

Palace at Knossos

Discus of Phaistos

Knossos--restored palace

HeinrichSchliemann

sessions remaining

iii - Colonies & Tyrants

iv - Sparta & Athens

v - Great Wars, 490-404

vi - Golden Age

vii - Second Military Revolution

viii - Hellenism

SophiaSchliemann

wearing“Priam’streasure”

Mycenae--the lion’s gate

Mycenae--reconstructionthe

lionsgate

Mycenae--acropolis

Mycenae--tholos tomb

interior shot of the same view

grave goods from a Mycenean shaft gravereplicas

the “mask of Agamemnon”

Homer

“The wrath of Achilles”Leon Benouville

Odysseus

“Jupiter and Thetis”Jean Dominique Ingres

Zeus at OlympiaRoman copy of Phideias

Napoleon ij.d. Ingres

LincolnDaniel Chester French

Troy

The Blegen LibraryUniversity of Cincinnati

Linear B

proto-Greek ina Phoenician alphabet

the world of Homer

the Lelantine War

Heroön at Lefkandi

preview of today’s session

Η ΔικαιοσὖνηΤό τί;

“[the] Justice.“What [is] it?”

Plato, Republic

Justice Astraea (in the stars)

[The Athenian] Acropolis, Leo von Klenze

“FROGS AROUND A POND”-- SOCRATES, IN THE PHAEDO

Victor Davis Hanson(1953-)

Olive oil production in Klazomenai, an ancient city of Ionia

( now, near Urla, Izmir, Turkey)

transport amphora serving amphora

Harmodius & Aristogeton kill the tyrant Hipparchus

the Chigi vase, 4th c. BC

όπλον

Hoplon

ὁπλίτηςhoplite

παιάν

παιάν

paean

Questions to answer in this session

What were the Greek beliefs about justice? How did they relate to the polis?

What exactly is a polis?

Was Athens a typical polis?

What produced the agrarian revolution?

How did it proceed?

What were its political and military consequences?

How did hoplite soldier-farmers become the essence of the polis?