Food, Drink and Feasting Talk: Western Polynesian Food and Drink

Western Polynesian Food & Drink: Acts of Power

Andy MillsFijian Art Research ProjectUniversity of East Anglia

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=P537qyFn9YcR1M&tbnid=CtUP8zTcl92nJM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://gpdhome.typepad.com/royalblognl_news_summary/2008/07/king-of-tonga-n.html&ei=g2-aUdWgC6WV0AWV2IGwBQ&psig=AFQjCNFy-oDEwNGdjv66FOX853qI_t0hZw&ust=1369161987225910

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Western+Polynesia+map&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XSgjEPEQI3atXM&tbnid=bW1liWkPzK2sRM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document/Volume_102_1993/Volume_102,_No._4/Pulotu,_Polynesian_homeland,_by_Paul_Geraghty,_p_343-384/p1&ei=bnOaUZHPG-O-0QW-9YHABA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGols2WdBIPmC2aYBkcvjRiIBiD4Q&ust=1369162914917915

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=flying+fox+bat&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=LG5rIDfaEbdgIM&tbnid=Elt1TTPjyTiczM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.ryanphotographic.com/pteropodidae.htm&ei=LXWaUb-yC6uo0AXVpIDwCA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGurJZUjUT9FKB2CUZAdgB3UM8r0w&ust=1369163397886645

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Ha'apai+islands&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8pI3UUE49_1yBM&tbnid=4ZjgnSXZjlGrjM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.flickr.com/photos/limewave/4402757151/&ei=nHWaUbaiFOqm0QWui4H4Cw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNEIeBAgHu0IlffzOFryAJ9KUjWnUw&ust=1369163516883329

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Tofua+volcano&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=TVpBULb6yzRwxM&tbnid=Sxu09fqBZ1RjOM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rights-managed/BB002407/tofua-volcano&ei=WHaaUZznHfOg0wXTuIGYCw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHFCu50HdIPVd8_S5LiNIi2vpsbrw&ust=1369163718956373

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=oceanic+lateen+rig&source=images&cd=&docid=Uq8uc5ZScVSa2M&tbnid=kBB8tu1EityKPM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://outriggersailingcanoes.blogspot.com/2009/03/oceanic-lateen-rig.html&ei=oHuaUeLcEqnM0AW89oCAAQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGjLq5BM_k-00OrQeRjhGgCotG4DQ&ust=1369165081065698

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+adze&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=xsmuI3xJcC9ljM&tbnid=n4-VpWTXK8lENM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.museumofsamoa.ws/r_lapita.html&ei=KnyaUfu1HsW-0QX13oGoAg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNES9k-gvvn33vsMR7FAFRWLQiTJ2A&ust=1369165199912159

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+shell+rings&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2yH65CYje8J9JM&tbnid=pH6xe9djPD7_WM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://wikieducator.org/Bourewa_Lapita_excavations&ei=TH2aUYXqCK7a0QWO5oCQDg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHM6pQybtfIwvdtKGAwb4xPrd1d-Q&ust=1369165491475340

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+shell+rings&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Ila-Fc-aEERCnM&tbnid=2M2KBGN3nQittM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,352292,00.html&ei=fH2aUZq0L-is0QXgt4G4AQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHM6pQybtfIwvdtKGAwb4xPrd1d-Q&ust=1369165491475340

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=njGll3VBFWhajM&tbnid=ZqEPVcI7ASWr6M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/map/polynesia_map.htm&ei=qTCaUdzZJuyT0QXqyICQCQ&psig=AFQjCNE2PkbjV-j-xu4xqSad4lXoM-Sl4Q&ust=1369145872879569

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=ancient+maori&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=s4wsJCNyILKdaM&tbnid=wzECNmsiktI59M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.crystalinks.com/maori.html&ei=E36aUdWCEKXs0gWOhoDADQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNG2joXv9yJbZq0IIAB-jVWDjdeNyA&ust=1369165680838509

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Marquesas+islander&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fExoYjBn6x_OVM&tbnid=TdYtZPCRaiH7AM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://arttrans.com.ua/imageproduct/1213/&ei=M36aUYXpGeeK0AW2zIGoCQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFc-b8a-AVu6ISqufyZIn_4eI3PMg&ust=1369165743418489

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Hawaii+feather+cloaks&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eZH2fcm5LfJqpM&tbnid=r51olzKFjgZ6iM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://pacificdreamsnewyorklife.blogspot.com/2010/04/representations-nahienaena-feathers-and.html&ei=cIGaUa_WMsmd0QX6toCYAg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHvEDGTXD6rY05KMhqTmX_qJukOMQ&ust=1369166024112082

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Tonga+warrior&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=_eOdWrPI2b8LzM&tbnid=wZRhTYvmyvfgyM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.matavuvale.com/forum/topics/tongas-oral-history-fiji?id=2150904:Topic:7826177&page=23&ei=KYOaUeCEJIPN0QXQzoHYBA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNF0jZKu__YFhSqRDPCyE0UGY99ZsA&ust=1369166954281821

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+people&source=images&cd=&docid=rn2SM3qmW8YcLM&tbnid=K_xHIBBd55eaFM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/2/3/4.html&ei=tHiaUZ2yGq-X0AX2soDwAw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNF08Y61REiV4YO4DIaBe3gwKc-7Wg&ust=1369164243116319

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+people&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=IfkEP_o8LpDwaM&tbnid=fLteKMldfFuWlM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2008/07/16/a-reconstruction-of-a-3000-year-old-lapita-skull-from-fiji/&ei=-niaUdyULo2l0wX0hYCACA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNF08Y61REiV4YO4DIaBe3gwKc-7Wg&ust=1369164243116319

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+ceramics&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=sj3j7ry0kOl8jM&tbnid=d8vHTzrqxw9MYM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://exploreoceania.weebly.com/polynesia-micronesia-melanasia-2.html&ei=9XmaUaqAOPSY1AXhgoH4Aw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGUBNsyt-23TADNgSsWXGNIoCOcmg&ust=1369164519985350

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+ceramics&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=RbSWEyRZtOpCFM&tbnid=e_N17_XmGZzjZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/02/2011/genetic-study-uncovers-new-path-to-polynesia&ei=MXqaUfeOOOWT0QX0q4HIDA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGUBNsyt-23TADNgSsWXGNIoCOcmg&ust=1369164519985350

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=lapita+ceramics&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=UDrp4sHT4A-ZBM&tbnid=iwjUG3de7kvHBM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://avidgallery.blogspot.com/2010_11_01_archive.html&ei=k3qaUc-2Iq-X0AX2soDwAw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGUBNsyt-23TADNgSsWXGNIoCOcmg&ust=1369164519985350

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8gk0hNFwvFGqrM&tbnid=HJiCIMKPH1FCZM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.capecodcoffee.org/coconut-coffee-energy-drink/cocnut-tree-beach/&ei=30aaUabnKoSd0wW7pYHABg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNF_84t74iUVcaBCKdAcctn7E3OB8Q&ust=1369151558159263

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=9MpLYAd1Yi_b8M&tbnid=XY2JWb6-ZSsOQM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://unmistakablyfood.com/why-i-eat-coconut-oil/&ei=FkiaUdeAB4KM0wWFi4AI&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFCOW6BnEsALo-AT4c7GYULg1AAFQ&ust=1369151812880956

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=NDubnun8GDNfaM&tbnid=sWLDxnLSv0C-NM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://muppetandco.blogspot.com/2011/01/coconut-water-facts-figures.html&ei=eUiaUZnTN-zZ0QXp2oHQAg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGMp5_k-hhKWkLf256f3R2JymJFeg&ust=1369151955668507

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rza7V9ixFnfbpM&tbnid=xOwXCUu1tfAsoM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.aradersf.com/cookselection.html&ei=nESaUaGdLYOl0AW-moC4CA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGbZ1_88MHe3TsmDGdW5e_yKYV3Gw&ust=1369150995036186

Manava‘aki = ‘To eat’ Mānava‘aki = ‘To

breathe’

Manava-hoko (‘ensuing manava’) = Courageous

Manava-lahi (‘big manava’) = Courage

Manava-si‘i (‘little manava’) = Nervousness / Fear Manava-fo‘i ‘defeated manava’) = Nervousness / Fear Manava-he (‘manava-less’) = Terror.

Manava as Courage

Tapu

Touching a superior’s corpse.

Touching a superior’s head.

Touching a superior’s personal effects.

Eating in the sight-line of a superior.

Watching a superior eat.

Eating a species of animal deemed above your social class.

http://levuka.wordpress.com/category/maafu/

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Dumont+D'Urville+les+isles+des+amis&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=JB2uiRBq0sJJPM&tbnid=6fA_Q5ojxnmL6M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.tongaturismo.info/old-tonga/o-tonga.htm&ei=w4qaUcKxMJOR0QWghoDACQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNE8k-fbp_SlK_1Te_nqpiKTImMrHw&ust=1369168932339846

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Tonga+Islands+old&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=J3ASQ4l6asnXgM&tbnid=JTvQf7j0ty_7nM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.postcardman.net/tonga.html&ei=e4yaUcz3PKn30gWQv4DgAg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFez_5LPTFBOFVBCznDf-5B8YYw2A&ust=1369169387747308

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=cannibal+fork&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=YZYzSC2xiFf2OM&tbnid=h1LkHrkZFd3OiM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://theoddmentemporium.tumblr.com/post/40131756326/cannibal-cutlery-fijian-tribesmen-used-this&ei=Lo2aUbDFGtCZ0QWspIHoDw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHiueovck9iS1GnBvgEngWgHHxNrw&ust=1369169530761227

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=scombridae&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=u0iQtM2gXGK7PM&tbnid=kjaHHy2g7h3XlM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=139&ei=HK6aUdjoG-2R0QXkzIC4DQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFF7Iwsnxg5ijirSaXDyUHbWsPGCA&ust=1369178001172960

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=mako+shark&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2JIBWD26ns97vM&tbnid=fFqB0r_KJo5lzM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://new-brunswick.net/new-brunswick/sharks/species/sfmako.html&ei=wK6aUbj9DITE0QXR1YDIBQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHtSIkDL5eE6HfXMnSJ2dW35Phn4w&ust=1369178129962130

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=P537qyFn9YcR1M&tbnid=CtUP8zTcl92nJM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://gpdhome.typepad.com/royalblognl_news_summary/2008/07/king-of-tonga-n.html&ei=g2-aUdWgC6WV0AWV2IGwBQ&psig=AFQjCNFy-oDEwNGdjv66FOX853qI_t0hZw&ust=1369161987225910

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=fishing+pigs+tonga&source=images&cd=&docid=dXw5gWJ2zBjjkM&tbnid=iKWS3qOqy_9zLM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://members.virtualtourist.com/m/p/m/1a25b9/&ei=OrGaUeW-EaG_0QXhi4HoDg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFEH8XuUKbfuXa5fJGmQK5504bz_g&ust=1369178777164282

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=old+photos+tonga&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Tp4V19tjtN819M&tbnid=quUVxQ3pWZXqXM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://tripwow.tripadvisor.com/slideshow-photo/old-tongan-stamp-by-travelpod-member-tonga-travel-tongatapu-tonga.html?sid=13215812&fid=tp-16&ei=zLGaUZ7pHePv0gWmwoHoBA&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNF62F83VSTiiI5d5koZFzzNPCMYHg&ust=1369178934821756

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=Tongan+royal+kava&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=NLSoUFmh2E4cCM&tbnid=0fHFCunXDQ3xIM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/travel/2008/jul/30/tonga&ei=5ZKaUdLpA6nG0QXdxoGgBw&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNFte1t0tSzTKGDXJuPUJPkwGfzzkQ&ust=1369170856808327

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=casuarina+equisetifolia&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=LfOH0EcobHWAfM&tbnid=GVa5rLgt1ofPUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Casuarina_equisetifolia_-_Darwin_NT.jpg&ei=T5uaUaCMMMeI0AXfp4GQAg&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNGgwinna-8i0p0_4MQTaEG8AKcN0g&ust=1369173160735332

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=tongan+royal+kava&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=XdgPqWBUS154eM&tbnid=wh6BS2DPxcjnUM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.facebook.com/events/123198891139319/&ei=D52aUfSkOaqb0wXNx4D4BQ&bvm=bv.46751780,d.d2k&psig=AFQjCNHu5TxkI4xyraZmbBL2DrP4ErhKEA&ust=1369173637055013

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=SSZo7rIJzilc6M&tbnid=VpwjqS1Njl3XJM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fale_Samoa_Construction_1902_.jpg&ei=vTSaUaKaNo2Y1AXB-4DQBg&psig=AFQjCNE2etuG1nUm7WSMqAoGg9Y7tJGd5w&ust=1369146926392130

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