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Encouraging Girls to Participate in Computer Science
http://tiny.cc/KimGarcia
Capitalize the K and G
TCEA’s Technology Applications & Computer Science Special Interest Group (TA/CS-SIG) President
Educational Technology Coordinator, Georgetown ISD, Georgetown, Texas
Former High School Computer Science and Webmastering Teacher
Presenter: Kim Garcia
What Percentage of Your Computer Science Students are Female?
87%
13%
Kim's CS EnrollmentMale Female
Did You Know?
In elementary school, girls like science as much as boys do
Girls and boys who take the AP Computer Science exam score equally
Source: Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
Reasons Girls Might Be Avoiding Computer Science
1. Girls’ Perception of Computer Science
Computer Science doesn’t help people
Computer scientists are geeky guys who like to be alone at a computer or with a gaming console
Girls don’t feel they fit in to the computer science classroom / environment
Sources: Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
“Ambient belonging: how stereotypical cues impact gender participation in computer science,” by Cheryan, Plaut, Davies, and Steele, December 2009 http://psycnet.apa.org/?&fa=main.doiLanding&doi=10.1037/a0016239
Reasons Girls Might Be Avoiding Computer Science
2. Girls’ Perception of Their Own Abilities
Girls feel people are born with fixed abilities, especially in math. Girls often give up instead of working through difficulties.
Girls perceive boys’ bravado or boasting means that boys are more knowledgeable than girls
Sources: Mind/Shift, “Giving Good Praise to Girls: What Messages Stick”, by Katrina Schwartz, April 24, 2013 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/04/giving-good-praise-to-girls-what-messages-stick/
Featuring the research of Carol S. Dweck, Ph.D. https://www.stanford.edu/dept/psychology/cgi-bin/drupalm/system/files/cdweckmathgift.pdf
A Trip Down Memory Lane
Can you recall a time when you felt uncomfortable as a learner?
Share your story with your elbow partner
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
1. Recruit Proactively Message intentionally – Send a strong message that you want girls in
your classes and clubs
Invite female students to sign up for CS classes and participate in clubs
Hold a girls in Computer Science orientation
Current female students visit other classes to explain how computer science relates
Meet with guidance counselors, teachers, and parents to share opportunities in computer science
Reach out to female students through collaborative projects with campus clubs/organizations and classes
Sources: NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes” https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
Tricia Berry, “Exciting Girls (and All Students) About CS and STEM: Messaging, Imagery, & Attitude”http://www.thetrc.org/web/assets/files/pdfs/01-Presentation-Exciting-Kids-about-CS-and-STEM.pdf
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
2. Adjust the Image of a Computer Scientist Discuss stereotypes with all students and find out what they
consider a stereotypical computer scientist to be
Invite computer scientists to speak to your class in person or via Skype, or take a field trip
Dispel the stereotype
Help students understand how computer science helps people
Be conscious that your students may not want to think of themselves as nerds or geeks
Sources:NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes”https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
3. Show Female Role Models
Discuss pioneering and prominent women in the field of computer science
Invite former female computer science students to speak
Invite local female computer scientists to speak. • Make connections through your city’s Chamber of
Commerce or through one of the Top 10 Women in Tech Organizations: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/craig-newmark/10-women-in-tech-orgs-you-should-know_b_4005325.html
Sources:NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes”https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
4. Decorate Classroom with Non-Stereotypical Objects
x Star Trek and video games
Images of people creating, designing, programming
• Choose some images that include women: computing leaders, group pictures of students
• Girls notice pictures of women/girls working with computers or devices
• Boys notice pictures of the “things”: computers or devicesSources:NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes” https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
“Ambient belonging: how stereotypical cues impact gender participation in computer science,” by Cheryan, Plaut, Davies, and Steele, December 2009 http://psycnet.apa.org/?&fa=main.doiLanding&doi=10.1037/a0016239
Tricia Berry, “Exciting Girls (and All Students) About CS and STEM: Messaging, Imagery, & Attitude” http://www.thetrc.org/web/assets/files/pdfs/01-Presentation-Exciting-Kids-about-CS-and-STEM.pdf
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
5. Praise and Encouragement for Girls and Boys
Emphasize that computer science skills are learned through a process of setbacks and overcoming challenges
Praise students for:• The process or strategy they are using to think through a
problem or a segment of code
• Taking on a challenge and sticking to it
Sources:Mind/Shift, “Giving Good Praise to Girls: What Messages Stick”, by Katrina Schwartz, April 24, 2013 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/04/giving-good-praise-to-girls-what-messages-stick/
NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes” https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
6. Change Your CS Vocabulary
Say Discovery, Design, Imagination, Innovation, Contribution
Say Create, not Build
Focus on outputs, career opportunities, making a difference in the world
Source: Tricia Berry, “Exciting Girls (and All Students) About CS and STEM: Messaging, Imagery, & Attitude”http://www.thetrc.org/web/assets/files/pdfs/01-Presentation-Exciting-Kids-about-CS-and-STEM.pdf
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
7. Talk About Careers in IT
IT’s important
IT’s creative
IT’s team-oriented
IT’s valued, respected, and flexible
IT’s everywhere
Source: NCWIT, “Why Should Young People Consider Careers in Information Technology?”http://www.ncwit.org/resources/why-should-young-people-consider-careers-information-technology
Meaningful Work• Saves lives• Solves health problems• Improves the environment• Keeps us connected
High Salaries with a Bachelor’s Degree
Flexibility and Variety• Flexible hours, telecommuting, blend
career and family• Skills useful in many jobs
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
8. Social and Hands-on Learning Activities Pair programming
Promote social and teamwork aspects of computer science in a blended learning environment (Schoology, Edmodo)
Allow students to choose projects focused on social and cultural problems important to them
Student Competitions• Provide ongoing encouragement for girls to enter• Host an open house or “how to” night
Sources: Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways to Increase Girls’ Participation in Computing Competitions” http://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-increase-girls-participation-computing-competitions
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
9. Computer Science Camps & Internships for Girls
University of Texas at Austin’s FirstBytes camp https://www.cs.utexas.edu/outreach/first-bytes
NCWIT Aspirations in Computing https://www.aspirations.org/participate/opportunities
Ways to Encourage Girls to Join or Stay in Computer Science
10. Introduce Programming Early Code.org’s Hour of Code & K-5 Curriculum
Texas Technology Applications TEKS Grades K-2, 3-5, and 6-8 require that students be exposed to programming languages
Free Apps and Websites: Kodable (iPad), Hopscotch (iPad), Scratch, Alice
Robotics: Wonder Workshop Dash and Dot, Lego Mindstorms
Board Games: Robot Turtles
Source: Edudemic, “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?”, by Katie Lepi, October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
Why Diversity is Important in Computer Science
Source: The Chronicle of Higher Education: “More Gender Diversity Will Mean Better Science,” by Sue V. Rosser, October 29, 2012 http://chronicle.com/article/More-Gender-Diversity-Will/135310/
May lead to innovation. People bring different approaches to problem solving.
Women have invented technologies useful in child care, for example, because of their unique experiences
More diversity (gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic background) helps guard against bias and may lead to new ideas that will improve life for everyone
Help boys and girls understand why diversity is important. Don’t exclude or marginalize boys in your quest to recruit and retain girls!
What Will You Do Differently?
Write down one thing you want to do differently when you return to your classroom
Share your idea with your elbow partner
Women in Computer Science Resources
University of Texas at Austin’s FirstBytes camp https://www.cs.utexas.edu/outreach/first-bytes
National Center for Women & Information Technology (NCWIT): http://www.ncwit.org/
NCWIT Aspirations in Computing https://www.aspirations.org/participate/opportunities
Tricia Berry, “Exciting Girls (and All Students) About CS and STEM: Messaging, Imagery, & Attitude” http://www.thetrc.org/web/assets/files/pdfs/01-Presentation-Exciting-Kids-about-CS-and-STEM.pdf
UT Austin’s Women in Engineering Program on Pinterest: http://www.pinterest.com/utwep/
Huffington Post: “10 Women in Tech Orgs You Should Know” by Craig Newmark on September 27, 2013 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/craig-newmark/10-women-in-tech-orgs-you-should-know_b_4005325.html
American Association of University Women (AAUW) supports computer science education – find your local group: http://www.aauw.org/article/hour-of-code/
National Institute for Women in Trades, Technology, and Science (Helping Educators Close the Gender Gap for Women in Technology): Recruitment: http://www.iwitts.org/proven-practices/topics/recruitment
Introduce Programming EarlyResources
Code.org’s Hour of Code & K-5 Curriculum http://code.org/
Texas Technology Applications TEKS http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/rules/tac/chapter126/
Kodable app (iPad) http://www.surfscore.com/
Hopscotch app (iPad) https://www.gethopscotch.com/
Scratch http://scratch.mit.edu/
Alice http://www.alice.org/
Wonder Workshop https://www.makewonder.com
Lego Mindstorms http://mindstorms.lego.com
Robot Turtles http://www.robotturtles.com/
Presentation Resources
Edudemic: “Why Are Girls Not Pursuing Computer Science Degrees?” by Katie Lepi on October 12, 2013 http://www.edudemic.com/girls-computer-science-degrees/
NCWIT: “Top 10 Ways of Recruiting High School Women into Your Computing Classes” https://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-recruiting-high-school-women-your-computing-classes/top-10-ways-recruiting
NCWIT, “Why Should Young People Consider Careers in Information Technology?” http://www.ncwit.org/resources/why-should-young-people-consider-careers-information-technology
NCWIT, “Top 10 Ways to Increase Girls’ Participation in Computing Competitions” http://www.ncwit.org/resources/top-10-ways-increase-girls-participation-computing-competitions
Mind/Shift: “Giving Good Praise to GiTricia Berry, “Exciting Girls (and All Students) About CS and STEM: Messaging, Imagery, & Attitude” http://www.thetrc.org/web/assets/files/pdfs/01-Presentation-Exciting-Kids-about-CS-and-STEM.pdf
Presentation Resources (continued)
Mind/Shift, “Giving Good Praise to Girls: What Messages Stick” by Katrina Schwartz on April 24, 2013 http://blogs.kqed.org/mindshift/2013/04/giving-good-praise-to-girls-what-messages-stick/
Huffington Post: “10 Women in Tech Orgs You Should Know” by Craig Newmark on September 27, 2013 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/craig-newmark/10-women-in-tech-orgs-you-should-know_b_4005325.html
The Chronicle of Higher Education: “More Gender Diversity Will Mean Better Science” by Sue V. Rosser on October 29, 2012 http://chronicle.com/article/More-Gender-Diversity-Will/135310/
The Stereotypical Computer Scientist: Gendered Media Representations as a Barrier to Inclusion for Women http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11199-013-0296-x
Ambient belonging: How stereotypical cues impact gender participation in computer science http://psycnet.apa.org/?&fa=main.doiLanding&doi=10.1037/a0016239
Questions & Discussion + Connect with Kim
Questions & Discussion
Connect with Kim Garcia
–Twitter: @DigitalLearners
–Website: http://texascomputerscience.weebly.com
–Pinterest: http://www.pinterest.com/digitallearners/computer-science-education/
–Diigo: https://www.diigo.com/user/digitallearners/Computer_Science
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Session # 151254
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