Aeronautical information manual
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- 1. February 9, 2012 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal
Aviation AdministrationAeronautical Information ManualOfficial
Guide to Basic Flight Information and ATC ProceduresAn electronic
version of this publication is on the internet at
http://www.faa.gov/atpubs
- 2. AIMRecord of Changes Change NumberChange FiledComments
- 3. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation
AdministrationAERONAUTICAL INFORMATION MANUALChange 1 July 26,
2012REPLACES BASIC DATEDFEBRUARY 9, 2012
- 4. AIM7/26/12Aeronautical Information Manual Explanation of
Changes Effective: July 26, 2012 a. 117. Distance Measuring
Equipment (DME) This change explains why slaved compass systems may
be susceptible to heading errors on the ground and alerts pilots to
the fact that the systems erroneous heading may not self-correct.
It also offers mitigation strategies to avoid a possible heading
misalignment at takeoff. b. 1115. LORAN This change addresses the
termination of U.S. LORAN-C signals on 8 Feb 2010 and removes
outdated material.g. 518. Flight Plan (FAA Form 7233-1) Domestic
IFR Flights This change updates the IFR Flight Plan section of the
AIM to match requirements of FAA Order JO 7110.10, Flight Services,
and JO 7340.2, Contractions, by expanding items that may be
pertinent in the Remarks field of an IFR flight plan, in particular
the radiotelephony requirements, plus notes of explanation
concerning radiotelephony.c. 122. Required Navigation Performance
(RNP)And, this change addresses the termination of U.S. LORAN-C
signals on 8 Feb 2010 and removes outdated material.This change
updates the guidance to the new terminology used for these
procedures in TBL 121. U.S. Standard RNP Levels.h. 5416.
Simultaneous Close Parallel ILS PRM Approaches (Independent) and
Simultaneous Offset Instrument Approaches (SOIA)d. 4120.
Transponder Operation This change assigns beacon code 1202 for
gliders that are VFR and not in contact with ATC. The change also
adds beacon code 1255 for aircraft engaged in fire fighting and
beacon code 1277 for authorized SAR missions. e. 513. Notice to
Airmen (NOTAM) System; 519. International Flight Plan (FAA Form
72334) IFR Flights (For Domestic or International Flights); 714.
Preflight Briefing; 915. Where and How to Get Charts of Foreign
Areas This change addresses the termination of U.S. LORAN-C signals
on 8 Feb 2010 and removes outdated material. f. 514. Flight Plan -
VFR Flights This change updates the VFR Flight Plan section of the
AIM to match requirements of FAA Order JO 7110.10, Flight Services,
and JO 7340.2, Contractions, by expanding items that may be
pertinent in the Remarks field of a VFR flight plan. Since this
particular paragraph pertains to VFR flight plans, pertinent to ATC
is deleted since ATC would not normally see VFR flight plan
remarks, and the deletion is replaced with information that may aid
FSS in search and rescue.Explanation of ChangesThis change removes
the requirement of pilots not qualified to accept PRM approaches to
contact the FAA Command Center prior to departure. i. 5418. RNP AR
Instrument Approach Procedures This change updates the guidance to
the new terminology used for these procedures. j. 7126. Microbursts
This change removed FWA from the ASRWSP wind shear systems in FIG
7116. NAS Wind Shear Product Systems. k. 765. Safety Alerts For
Operators (SAFO) and Information For Operators (InFO); and Appendix
4. Abbreviations/Acronym This change introduces, explains and
updates the guidance to the new terminology used for Safety Alerts
For Operators (SAFO) and Information For Operators (InFO). l.
Entire publication. Editorial/format changes were made where
necessary, to include recent organization name changes. Revision
bars were not used when changes are insignificant in nature.E of
Chg1
- 5. AIM7/26/12AIM Change 1 Page Control Chart July 26, 2012
REMOVE PAGESEntire Basic Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . NOTEDATED2/9/12INSERT PAGESDATEDEntire Change 1 . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7/26/12Because the Pilot /Controller
Glossary is an appendix to several other publications it will
contain pages dated 2/9/12. The entire AIM including its
Pilot/Controller Glossary are printed in its entirety in this
Change 1 package.Page Control Chart1
- 6. 7/26/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATEPAGEDATECover7/26/1211127/26/12Record of
ChangesN/A11137/26/12Exp of
ChgBasic7/26/1211147/26/1211157/26/1211167/26/1211177/26/122117/26/1211187/26/122127/26/1211197/26/122137/26/127/26/1211207/26/122147/26/127/26/1211217/26/122157/26/127/26/1211227/26/122167/26/127/26/1211237/26/122177/26/12CK57/26/1211247/26/122187/26/12CK67/26/1211257/26/122197/26/1211267/26/1221107/26/127/26/1211277/26/1221117/26/127/26/1211287/26/1221127/26/127/26/1211297/26/1221137/26/127/26/1211307/26/1221147/26/127/26/1211317/26/1221157/26/127/26/1211327/26/1211337/26/1211347/26/1211357/26/12Checklist
of Pages CK1 CK2 CK3 CK4Subscription Info Comments/Corr
Comments/Corr Basic Flight Info Publication Policy Reg & Advis
CirTable of Contents i7/26/12Chapter 2. Aeronautical Lighting and
Other Airport Visual Aids Section 1. Airport Lighting AidsSection
2. Air Navigation and Obstruction Lighting
2217/26/122227/26/12ii7/26/12iii7/26/12iv7/26/12v7/26/12vi7/26/122317/26/127/26/122327/26/127/26/122337/26/127/26/122347/26/127/26/122357/26/127/26/122367/26/122377/26/122387/26/122397/26/1223107/26/1223117/26/12vii
viii ix x xiChapter 1. Air Navigation Section 1. Navigation
AidsSection 3. Airport Marking Aids and SignsSection 2. Area
Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance
(RNP)1117/26/121217/26/121127/26/1223127/26/121227/26/121137/26/1223137/26/121237/26/121147/26/1223147/26/121247/26/121157/26/1223157/26/121257/26/121167/26/1223167/26/121267/26/121177/26/1223177/26/121277/26/121187/26/1223187/26/121197/26/1223197/26/1211107/26/1223207/26/1211117/26/1223217/26/12Checklist
of PagesCK1
- 7. AIM7/26/12Checklist of Pages
PAGEDATE23227/26/1223237/26/1223247/26/122325PAGEDATEChapter 4. Air
Traffic Control Section 1. Services Available to
PilotsPAGEDATE4397/26/1243107/26/1243117/26/127/26/1243137/26/1223267/26/124117/26/1243147/26/1223277/26/124127/26/1243157/26/1223287/26/124137/26/1243167/26/1223297/26/124147/26/1243177/26/1223307/26/124157/26/1243187/26/1223317/26/127/26/1243197/26/127/26/1243207/26/127/26/1243217/26/12
7/26/12416 417Chapter 3. Airspace Section 1. General418
4197/26/1243223117/26/1241107/26/1243237/26/123127/26/1241117/26/1243247/26/1241127/26/1243257/26/1241137/26/1243267/26/127/26/1243277/26/1243287/26/12Section
2. Controlled Airspace
3217/26/1241143227/26/1241157/26/123237/26/1241167/26/127/26/1241177/26/123257/26/1241187/26/123267/26/1241197/26/124417/26/127/26/1241207/26/124427/26/127/26/1241217/26/124437/26/127/26/124447/26/127/26/124457/26/124467/26/124477/26/124487/26/124497/26/12324327
328 3297/26/124122 4123Section 3. Class G Airspace
3317/26/12Section 4. Special Use Airspace
3417/26/123427/26/12Section 5. Other Airspace Areas
3517/26/123527/26/123547/26/123557/26/123567/26/123577/26/123587/26/123597/26/124217/26/1244107/26/124227/26/1244117/26/124237/26/124247/26/124257/26/124267/26/124517/26/124277/26/124527/26/124287/26/124537/26/124547/26/124557/26/12
7/26/127/26/12353Section 2. Radio Communications Phraseology and
TechniquesSection 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft SeparationSection
3. Airport OperationsSection 5. Surveillance
Systems4317/26/124564327/26/124577/26/124337/26/124587/26/124347/26/124597/26/124357/26/1245107/26/124367/26/1245117/26/124377/26/1245127/26/127/26/1245137/26/12438CK2Checklist
of Pages
- 8. 7/26/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATE45147/26/1251137/26/1245157/26/1251147/26/125417/26/1245167/26/1251157/26/125427/26/1245177/26/1251167/26/125437/26/1245187/26/1251177/26/125447/26/1245197/26/1251187/26/125457/26/1245207/26/1251197/26/125467/26/1251207/26/125477/26/1251217/26/125487/26/1251227/26/125497/26/1251237/26/1254107/26/1251247/26/1254117/26/1251257/26/1254127/26/12Section
6. Operational Policy/ Procedures for Reduced Vertical Separation
Minimum (RVSM) in the Domestic U.S., Alaska, Offshore Airspace and
the San Juan FIRPAGEDATESection 4. Arrival
Procedures4617/26/1251267/26/1254137/26/124627/26/1251277/26/1254147/26/124637/26/1251287/26/1254157/26/124647/26/1251297/26/1254167/26/124657/26/1251307/26/1254177/26/124667/26/1251317/26/1254187/26/124677/26/1254197/26/124687/26/1254207/26/124697/26/1254217/26/1246107/26/12Section
2. Departure
Procedures54227/26/1246117/26/125217/26/1254237/26/125227/26/1254247/26/125237/26/1254257/26/125247/26/1254267/26/125257/26/1254277/26/125267/26/1254287/26/125277/26/1254297/26/125287/26/1254307/26/125297/26/1254317/26/1254327/26/1254337/26/12Section
7. Operational Policy/ Procedures for the Gulf of Mexico 50 NM
Lateral Separation Initiative
4717/26/124727/26/124737/26/124747/26/124757/26/12Chapter 5. Air
Traffic Procedures Section 1. Preflight
5117/26/125127/26/125137/26/125147/26/125157/26/125167/26/125177/26/125187/26/125197/26/1251107/26/1251117/26/125112Section
3. En Route
Procedures54347/26/125317/26/1254357/26/125327/26/1254367/26/125337/26/1254377/26/125347/26/1254387/26/125357/26/1254397/26/127/26/1254407/26/125377/26/1254417/26/125387/26/1254427/26/125397/26/1254437/26/1253107/26/1254447/26/1253117/26/1254457/26/1253127/26/1254467/26/1253137/26/1254477/26/127/26/1254487/26/127/26/12Checklist
of Pages5365314CK3
- 9. AIM7/26/12Checklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATEPAGEDATE54497/26/126277/26/1271197/26/1254507/26/126287/26/1271207/26/1254517/26/126297/26/1271217/26/1254527/26/1262107/26/1271227/26/1254537/26/1262117/26/1271237/26/1254547/26/1262127/26/1271247/26/1254557/26/1271257/26/1254567/26/1271267/26/1254577/26/1271277/26/1254587/26/126317/26/1271287/26/1254597/26/126327/26/1271297/26/1254607/26/126337/26/1271307/26/126347/26/1271317/26/127/26/1271327/26/126367/26/1271337/26/126377/26/1271347/26/1271357/26/1271367/26/1271377/26/127/26/1271387/26/127/26/1271397/26/127/26/1271407/26/127/26/1271417/26/1271427/26/1271437/26/1271447/26/12Section
5. Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities
5517/26/125527/26/125547/26/125557/26/125567/26/126357/26/12553Section
3. Distress and Urgency Procedures557 558Section 6. National
Security and Interception Procedures 561 562 563 564Section 4.
Twoway Radio Communications Failure 641 642Section 5. Aircraft
Rescue and Fire Fighting
Communications7/26/126517/26/1271457/26/127/26/126527/26/1271467/26/127/26/1271477/26/127/26/1271487/26/1271497/26/1271507/26/1271517/26/1271527/26/1271537/26/1271547/26/1271557/26/1271567/26/1271577/26/1271587/26/1271597/26/1271607/26/1271617/26/1271627/26/1271637/26/1271647/26/1271657/26/1271667/26/1271677/26/125657/26/125667/26/125677/26/125687/26/125697/26/12Chapter
7. Safety of Flight Section 1. Meteorology 711 712 713 714
715Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures Section 1. General 6117/26/12716
7177/26/12 7/26/12 7/26/12 7/26/12 7/26/12
7/26/127187/26/127197/26/127110Section 2. Emergency Services
Available to Pilots7/26/127111 71127/26/12 7/26/12
7/26/126217/26/1271136227/26/1271146237/26/1271156247/26/1271166257/26/1271177/26/126267/26/1271187/26/12CK47/26/12
7/26/12 7/26/12 7/26/12Checklist of Pages
- 10. 7/26/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATE71687/26/1271697/26/1210217/26/1271707/26/127617/26/1210227/26/1271717/26/127627/26/1210237/26/1271727/26/127637/26/1210247/26/1271737/26/1210257/26/1210267/26/1210277/26/1210287/26/12Section
2. Altimeter Setting ProceduresPAGEDATESection 6. Safety, Accident,
and Hazard ReportsChapter 8. Medical Facts for Pilots Section 1.
Fitness for FlightPAGEDATESection 2. Special
Operations7217/26/128117/26/1210297/26/127227/26/128127/26/12102107/26/127237/26/128137/26/12102117/26/127247/26/128147/26/12102127/26/127/26/12102137/26/127/26/12102147/26/127/26/12102157/26/12
7/26/12 7/26/12815Section 3. Wake
Turbulence8167317/26/127327/26/128187/26/12102167337/26/128197/26/12102177347/26/127357/26/127367/26/127377/26/127387/26/12Section
4. Bird Hazards and Flight Over National Refuges, Parks, and
Forests817Chapter 9. Aeronautical Charts and Related Publications
Section 1. Types of Charts AvailableAppendices Appendix
117/26/12EnvN/AAppendix 217/26/12Appendix
317/26/129117/26/12Appendix 417/26/129127/26/12Appendix
427/26/129137/26/12Appendix 437/26/127417/26/129147/26/12Appendix
447/26/127427/26/129157/26/12Appendix
457/26/129167/26/129177/26/129187/26/12Section 5. Potential Flight
HazardsPilot/Controller Glossary PCG17/26/127517/26/129197/26/12PCG
A12/9/127527/26/1291107/26/12PCG A22/9/127537/26/1291117/26/12PCG
A32/9/127547/26/1291127/26/12PCG A42/9/127557/26/1291137/26/12PCG
A52/9/127567/26/12PGC A62/9/127577/26/12PCG A72/9/127587/26/12PCG
A82/9/127597/26/12PCG A92/9/1275107/26/12PCG
A102/9/1275117/26/1210117/26/12PCG
A112/9/1275127/26/1210127/26/12PCG
A122/9/1275137/26/1210137/26/12PCG
A132/9/1275147/26/1210147/26/12PCG A142/9/1210157/26/12PCG
A152/9/1210167/26/12PCG A162/9/1210177/26/12PCG B12/9/12Checklist
of PagesChapter 10. Helicopter Operations Section 1. Helicopter IFR
OperationsCK5
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C12/9/12PCG M12/9/12PCG S82/9/12PCG C22/9/12PCG M22/9/12PCG
T12/9/12PCG C32/9/12PCG M32/9/12PCG T22/9/12PCG C42/9/12PCG
M42/9/12PCG T32/9/12PCG C52/9/12PCG M52/9/12PCG T42/9/12PCG
C62/9/12PCG M62/9/12PCG T52/9/12PCG C72/9/12PCG N12/9/12PCG
T62/9/12PCG C82/9/12PCG N22/9/12PCG T72/9/12PCG C92/9/12PCG
N32/9/12PCG T82/9/12PCG D12/9/12PCG N42/9/12PCG U12/9/12PCG
D22/9/12PCG O12/9/12PCG V12/9/12PCG D32/9/12PCG O27/26/12PCG
V22/9/12PCG D42/9/12PCG O37/26/12PCG V32/9/12PCG E12/9/12PCG
O47/26/12PCG V42/9/12PCG E22/9/12PCG P12/9/12PCG W12/9/12PCG
F12/9/12PCG P22/9/12PCG F22/9/12PCG P32/9/12PCG F32/9/12PCG
P42/9/12I17/26/12PCG F42/9/12PCG P57/26/12I27/26/12PCG F52/9/12PCG
Q12/9/12I37/26/12PCG G12/9/12PCG R12/9/12I47/26/12PCG G22/9/12PCG
R22/9/12I57/26/12PCG H12/9/12PCG R32/9/12I67/26/12PCG H22/9/12PCG
R42/9/12I77/26/12PCG H32/9/12PCG R52/9/12I87/26/12PCG I12/9/12PCG
R62/9/12I97/26/12PCG I22/9/12PCG R72/9/12I107/26/12PCG I32/9/12PCG
R82/9/12I117/26/12PCG I42/9/12PCG S12/9/12I127/26/12PCG I52/9/12PCG
S22/9/12I137/26/12PCG J12/9/12PCG S32/9/12PCG K12/9/12PCG
S42/9/12Back CoverN/APCG L12/9/12PCG S52/9/12PCG L22/9/12PCG
S62/9/12PCG L32/9/12PCG S72/9/12CK6IndexChecklist of Pages
- 12. ERRATA SHEET SUBJECT: Aeronautical Information Manual
(AIM), Effective February 9, 2012.This errata sheet transmits
revised pages for AIM Basic edition, effective February 9, 2012.
REMOVE PAGESE of Chg1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7143
through 7146 . . . . . . .DATED2/9/12 2/9/12INSERT PAGESE of Chg1 .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7143 through 7146 . . . . . .
.DATED2/9/12 2/9/12Note Due to a printer error the AIM Basic
edition was bound. AIM Change 1 will reissue the entire manual in
looseleaf format.Attachment
- 13. 2/9/12AIMExplanation of Changes Basic Effective: February
9, 2012 a. 216. Runway Status Light (RWSL) System This change make
minor editorial and system updates b. 217. StandAlone Final
Approach Runway Occupancy Signal (FAROS) This new paragraph
explains the StandAlone Final Approach Runway Occupancy Signal
(FAROS) system. c. 4120. Transponder Operation This change explains
that transponders should be turned on prior to moving on the
airport surface - as opposed to as soon as possible. d. 4323. Use
of Aircraft Lights This change aligns the AIM guidance on the use
of aircraft lights with AC 120-74A. e. 443. Clearance Items This
change adds language to inform pilots of what to expect from
controllers concerning clearance limits and associated phraseology.
f. Chapter 4 Air Traffic Control, Section 7. Operational
Policy/Procedures for the Gulf of Mexico 50 NM Lateral Separation
Initiative This new section describes the Operational
Policy/Procedures for the Gulf of Mexico 50 NM Lateral Separation
Initiative. g. 537. Minimum Turning Altitude (MTA) This new
paragraph explains to pilots that the published minimum enroute
altitude (MEA) may not be sufficient for obstacle clearance when a
turn is required over a fix, NAVAID, or waypoint, and that they
need to use MTAs when indicated. h. 5516. RNAV and RNP Operations
This change provides guidance for the definition of established for
RNAV and RNP operations.Explanation of Changesi. 718. Telephone
Information Briefing Service (TIBS) Continuous was deleted from the
first sentence since TIBS recordings have never been continuous.
The recording is always heard from the beginning, not joined in
progress. Content was consolidated among subparagraphs and changes
made due to the way TIBS are produced and a consolidation of FSS
facilities outside Alaska. Expanded information was added to
indicate where specific TIBS telephone numbers may be located. j.
7110. Inflight Weather Broadcasts This change adds additional notes
to concerning HIWAS in relation to Weather Advisory Broadcasts by
ARTCCs and terminal facilities and a statement to subparagraph b
advising pilots to contact FSS with questions about weather
different than forecasted or apparent errors in the HIWAS
broadcast. Editorial changes were also made for clarification. k.
Entire publication. In compliance with FAA Order 1000.36, FAA
Writing Standards, as a word of requirement, must is replacing the
word shall. l. Entire publication. Now that Flight Service Stations
(FSS) nationwide are using modern automated operational systems,
there is no longer a need for identifying certain sites as
automated. Therefore, the term has been removed from the
publication. m. Entire publication. Editorial/format changes were
made where necessary, to include recent organization name changes.
Revision bars were not used when changes are insignificant in
nature.E of Chg1
- 14. 2/9/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATEPAGEDATECover2/9/1211122/9/12Record of
ChangesN/A11132/9/12Exp of
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of Pages CK1 CK2 CK3 CK4Subscription Info Comments/Corr
Comments/Corr Basic Flight Info Publication Policy Reg & Advis
CirTable of Contents i ii2/9/12
2/9/12iii2/9/12iv2/9/12v2/9/12vi2/9/12vii viii ix x xi2/9/12
2/9/12Chapter 1. Air Navigation Section 1. Navigation AidsSection
2. Area Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation Performance
(RNP)Chapter 2. Aeronautical Lighting and Other Airport Visual Aids
Section 1. Airport Lighting AidsSection 2. Air Navigation and
Obstruction LightingSection 3. Airport Marking Aids and
Signs1112/9/121212/9/121122/9/1223122/9/121222/9/121132/9/1223132/9/121232/9/121142/9/1223142/9/121242/9/121152/9/1223152/9/121252/9/121162/9/1223162/9/121262/9/121172/9/1223172/9/121272/9/121182/9/1223182/9/121192/9/1223192/9/1211102/9/1223202/9/1211112/9/1223212/9/12Checklist
of PagesCK1
- 15. AIM2/9/12Checklist of Pages
PAGEDATE23222/9/1223232/9/1223242/9/122325PAGEDATEChapter 4. Air
Traffic Control Section 1. Services Available to
PilotsPAGEDATE4392/9/1243102/9/1243112/9/122/9/1243132/9/1223262/9/124112/9/1243142/9/1223272/9/124122/9/1243152/9/1223282/9/124132/9/1243162/9/1223292/9/124142/9/1243172/9/1223302/9/124152/9/1243182/9/1223312/9/122/9/1243192/9/122/9/1243202/9/122/9/1243212/9/12
2/9/12416 417Chapter 3. Airspace Section 1. General418
4192/9/1243223112/9/1241102/9/1243232/9/123122/9/1241112/9/1243242/9/1241122/9/1243252/9/1241132/9/1243262/9/122/9/1243272/9/1243282/9/12Section
2. Controlled Airspace
3212/9/1241143222/9/1241152/9/123232/9/1241162/9/122/9/1241172/9/123252/9/1241182/9/123262/9/1241192/9/124412/9/122/9/1241202/9/124422/9/122/9/1241212/9/124432/9/122/9/124442/9/122/9/124452/9/124462/9/124472/9/124482/9/124492/9/12324327
328 3292/9/124122 4123Section 3. Class G Airspace 3312/9/12Section
4. Special Use Airspace 3412/9/123422/9/12Section 5. Other Airspace
Areas
3512/9/123522/9/123542/9/123552/9/123562/9/123572/9/123582/9/123592/9/124212/9/1244102/9/124222/9/1244112/9/124232/9/124242/9/124252/9/124262/9/124512/9/124272/9/124522/9/124282/9/124532/9/124542/9/124552/9/12
2/9/122/9/12353Section 2. Radio Communications Phraseology and
TechniquesSection 4. ATC Clearances and Aircraft SeparationSection
3. Airport OperationsSection 5. Surveillance
Systems4312/9/124564322/9/124572/9/124332/9/124582/9/124342/9/124592/9/124352/9/1245102/9/124362/9/1245112/9/124372/9/1245122/9/122/9/1245132/9/12438CK2Checklist
of Pages
- 16. 2/9/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATE45142/9/1251132/9/1245152/9/1251142/9/125412/9/1245162/9/1251152/9/125422/9/1245172/9/1251162/9/125432/9/1245182/9/1251172/9/125442/9/1245192/9/1251182/9/125452/9/1245202/9/1251192/9/125462/9/1251202/9/125472/9/1251212/9/125482/9/1251222/9/125492/9/1251232/9/1254102/9/1251242/9/1254112/9/1251252/9/1254122/9/12Section
6. Operational Policy/ Procedures for Reduced Vertical Separation
Minimum (RVSM) in the Domestic U.S., Alaska, Offshore Airspace and
the San Juan FIRPAGEDATESection 4. Arrival
Procedures4612/9/1251262/9/1254132/9/124622/9/1251272/9/1254142/9/124632/9/1251282/9/1254152/9/124642/9/1251292/9/1254162/9/124652/9/124662/9/1246754172/9/1254182/9/122/9/12Section
2. Departure
Procedures54192/9/124682/9/125212/9/1254202/9/124692/9/125222/9/1254212/9/1246102/9/125232/9/1254222/9/1246112/9/125242/9/1254232/9/125252/9/1254242/9/125262/9/1254252/9/125272/9/1254262/9/125282/9/1254272/9/125292/9/1254282/9/1254292/9/1254302/9/1254312/9/122/9/1254322/9/125322/9/1254332/9/125332/9/1254342/9/125342/9/1254352/9/125352/9/1254362/9/125362/9/1254372/9/125372/9/1254382/9/125382/9/1254392/9/122/9/1254402/9/1253102/9/1254412/9/12Section
7. Operational Policy/ Procedures for the Gulf of Mexico 50 NM
Lateral Separation Initiative
4712/9/124722/9/124732/9/124742/9/124752/9/12Chapter 5. Air Traffic
Procedures Section 1. Preflight
5112/9/125122/9/125132/9/125142/9/125152/9/125162/9/125172/9/125182/9/12519Section
3. En Route Procedures 531539
53112/9/1254422/9/1253122/9/1254432/9/1253132/9/1254442/9/1253142/9/1254452/9/122/9/1254462/9/1251102/9/1254472/9/1251112/9/1254482/9/1251122/9/12Checklist
of PagesCK3
- 17. AIM2/9/12Checklist of Pages
PAGEDATEPAGEDATEPAGEDATE54492/9/126272/9/1271192/9/1254502/9/126282/9/1271202/9/1254512/9/126292/9/1271212/9/1254522/9/1262102/9/1271222/9/1254532/9/1262112/9/1271232/9/1254542/9/1262122/9/1271242/9/1254552/9/1271252/9/1254562/9/1271262/9/1254572/9/1271272/9/1254582/9/126312/9/1271282/9/1254592/9/126322/9/1271292/9/1254602/9/126332/9/1271302/9/126342/9/1271312/9/122/9/1271322/9/126362/9/1271332/9/126372/9/1271342/9/1271352/9/1271362/9/1271372/9/122/9/1271382/9/122/9/1271392/9/122/9/1271402/9/122/9/1271412/9/1271422/9/1271432/9/1271442/9/12Section
5. Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities
5512/9/125522/9/125542/9/125552/9/125562/9/126352/9/12553Section 3.
Distress and Urgency Procedures557 558Section 6. National Security
and Interception Procedures 561 562 563 564Section 4. Twoway Radio
Communications Failure 641 642Section 5. Aircraft Rescue and Fire
Fighting
Communications2/9/126512/9/1271452/9/122/9/126522/9/1271462/9/122/9/1271472/9/122/9/1271482/9/1271492/9/1271502/9/1271512/9/1271522/9/1271532/9/1271542/9/1271552/9/1271562/9/1271572/9/1271582/9/1271592/9/1271602/9/1271612/9/1271622/9/1271632/9/1271642/9/1271652/9/1271662/9/1271672/9/125652/9/125662/9/125672/9/125682/9/125692/9/12Chapter
7. Safety of Flight Section 1. Meteorology 711 712 713 714
715Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures Section 1. General 6112/9/12716
7172/9/12 2/9/12 2/9/12 2/9/12 2/9/12
2/9/127182/9/127192/9/127110Section 2. Emergency Services Available
to Pilots2/9/127111 71122/9/12 2/9/12
2/9/126212/9/1271136222/9/1271146232/9/1271156242/9/1271166252/9/1271172/9/126262/9/1271182/9/12CK42/9/12
2/9/12 2/9/12 2/9/12Checklist of Pages
- 18. 2/9/12AIMChecklist of Pages
PAGEDATE71682/9/1271692/9/1210212/9/1271702/9/127612/9/1210222/9/1271712/9/127622/9/1210232/9/1271722/9/127632/9/1210242/9/1271732/9/1210252/9/1210262/9/1210272/9/1210282/9/122/9/1210292/9/12102102/9/12Section
2. Altimeter Setting ProceduresPAGEDATESection 6. Safety, Accident,
and Hazard ReportsChapter 8. Medical Facts for Pilots Section 1.
Fitness for FlightPAGEDATESection 2. Special
Operations7212/9/127222/9/128122/9/127232/9/128132/9/12102112/9/127242/9/128142/9/12102122/9/122/9/12102132/9/122/9/12102142/9/122/9/12102152/9/122/9/12102162/9/122/9/12102172/9/12811815Section
3. Wake Turbulence
7312/9/127322/9/127332/9/127342/9/127362/9/127372/9/127382/9/12817
8182/9/12735816Section 4. Bird Hazards and Flight Over National
Refuges, Parks, and Forests819Chapter 9. Aeronautical Charts and
Related Publications Section 1. Types of Charts AvailableAppendices
Appendix 112/9/12EnvN/AAppendix 212/9/12Appendix
312/9/129112/9/12Appendix 412/9/129122/9/12Appendix
422/9/129132/9/12Appendix 432/9/127412/9/129142/9/12Appendix
442/9/127422/9/129152/9/12Appendix
452/9/129162/9/129172/9/129182/9/12Section 5. Potential Flight
HazardsPilot/Controller Glossary PCG12/9/127512/9/129192/9/12PCG
A12/9/127522/9/1291102/9/12PCG A22/9/127532/9/1291112/9/12PCG
A32/9/127542/9/1291122/9/12PCG A42/9/127552/9/1291132/9/12PCG
A52/9/127562/9/12PGC A62/9/127572/9/12PCG A72/9/127582/9/12PCG
A82/9/127592/9/12PCG A92/9/1275102/9/12PCG
A102/9/1275112/9/122/9/12PCG A112/9/1275122/9/1210122/9/12PCG
A122/9/1275132/9/1210132/9/12PCG A132/9/1275142/9/1210142/9/12PCG
A142/9/1210152/9/12PCG A152/9/1210162/9/12PCG
A162/9/1210172/9/12PCG B12/9/12Checklist of PagesChapter 10.
Helicopter Operations Section 1. Helicopter IFR Operations
1011CK5
- 19. AIM2/9/12Checklist of Pages PCG C12/9/12PCG
C22/9/12PAGEDATEPAGEDATEPCG C3 PCG C42/9/12PCG D42/9/12PCG
R72/9/122/9/12PCG E12/9/12PCG R82/9/12PCG C52/9/12PCG E22/9/12PCG
S12/9/12PCG C62/9/12PCG F12/9/12PCG S22/9/12PCG C72/9/12PCG
F22/9/12PCG S32/9/12PCG C82/9/12PCG F32/9/12PCG S42/9/12PCG
C92/9/12PCG F42/9/12PCG S52/9/12PCG D12/9/12PCG F52/9/12PCG
S62/9/12PCG D22/9/12PCG G12/9/12PCG S72/9/12PCG D32/9/12PCG
G22/9/12PCG S82/9/12PCG H12/9/12PCG T12/9/12PCG H22/9/12PCG
T22/9/12PCG H32/9/12PCG T32/9/12PCG I12/9/12PCG T42/9/12PCG
I22/9/12PCG T52/9/12PCG I32/9/12PCG T62/9/12PCG I42/9/12PCG
T72/9/12PCG I52/9/12PCG T82/9/12PCG J12/9/12PCG U12/9/12PCG
K12/9/12PCG V12/9/12PCG L12/9/12PCG V22/9/12PCG L22/9/12PCG
V32/9/12PCG L32/9/12PCG V42/9/12PCG M12/9/12PCG W12/9/12PCG
M22/9/12PCG M32/9/12PCG M42/9/12I12/9/12PCG M52/9/12I22/9/12PCG
M62/9/12I32/9/12PCG N12/9/12I42/9/12PCG N22/9/12I52/9/12PCG
N32/9/12I62/9/12PCG N42/9/12I72/9/12PCG O12/9/12I82/9/12PCG
O22/9/12I92/9/12PCG O32/9/12I102/9/12PCG O42/9/12I112/9/12PCG
P12/9/12I122/9/12PCG P22/9/12I132/9/12PCG P32/9/12PCG P42/9/12Back
CoverN/APCG P52/9/12PCG Q12/9/12PCG R12/9/12PCG R22/9/12PCG
R32/9/12PCG R42/9/12PCG R52/9/12PCG R62/9/12CK6IndexChecklist of
Pages
- 20. 7/26/12AIMSubscription Information This and other selected
Air Traffic publications are available online:
www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publicationsTo Obtain Copies of this
Publication Department of Defense and U.S. Coast Guard
OrganizationsGeneral Public Contact: Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office P.O. Box 979050 St. Louis, MO
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RegionAEA7185534593Great Lakes RegionAGL8472947646William J. Hughes
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StandardsAJW4059546632Mike Monroney Aeronautical
CenterAMI4059549920New England RegionANE7812387652Northwest
Mountain RegionANM4252272885Southern RegionASO4043055087Southwest
RegionASW8172224384FAA Headquarters (Washington, DC)AWA202
2675652WesternPacific RegionAWP310 7257691Subscription
Information
- 21. 7/26/12AIMComments/Corrections Comments, suggested changes,
or corrections concerning this publication may be submitted on this
form and mailed to: Federal Aviation Administration Mission Support
Services ATC Products and Publications, AJV362 Attn: AIM Editor,
Station 5601 1305 EastWest Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910Notice to
Editor The following comments/corrections are submitted concerning
the information contained in: Paragraph number Title Page Dated
_________________Name Street CityComments/CorrectionsStateZip
- 22. 7/26/12AIMComments/Corrections Comments, suggested changes,
or corrections concerning this publication may be submitted on this
form and mailed to: Federal Aviation Administration Mission Support
Services ATC Products and Publications, AJV362 Attn: AIM Editor,
Station 5601 1305 EastWest Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910Notice to
Editor The following comments/corrections are submitted concerning
the information contained in: Paragraph number Title Page Dated
_________________Name Street CityComments/CorrectionsStateZip
- 23. 7/26/12AIMFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) The Federal
Aviation Administration is responsible for insuring the safe,
efficient, and secure use of the Nations airspace, by military as
well as civil aviation, for promoting safety in air commerce, for
encouraging and developing civil aeronautics, including new
aviation technology, and for supporting the requirements of
national defense. The activities required to carry out these
responsibilities include: safety regulations; airspace
managementand the establishment, operation, and maintenance of a
civilmilitary common system of air traffic control (ATC) and
navigation facilities; research and development in support of the
fostering of a national system of airports, promulgation of
standards and specifications for civil airports, and administration
of Federal grantsinaid for developing public airports; various
joint and cooperative activities with the Department of Defense;
and technical assistance (under State Department auspices) to other
countries.Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) Basic Flight
Information and ATC Procedures This manual is designed to provide
the aviation community with basic flight information and ATC
procedures for use in the National Airspace System (NAS) of the
United States. An international version called the Aeronautical
Information Publication contains parallel information, as well as
specific information on the international airports for use by the
international community.as well as supplemental data affecting the
other operational publications listed here. It also includes
current Flight Data Center NOTAMs, which are regulatory in nature,
issued to establish restrictions to flight or to amend charts or
published Instrument Approach Procedures. This publication is
issued every four weeks and is available through subscription from
the Superintendent of Documents.This manual contains the
fundamentals required in order to fly in the United States NAS. It
also contains items of interest to pilots concerning health and
medical facts, factors affecting flight safety, a pilot/controller
glossary of terms used in the ATC System, and information on
safety, accident, and hazard reporting.The Airport/Facility
Directory, the Alaska Supplement, and the Pacific Chart Supplement
These publications contain information on airports, communications,
navigation aids, instrument landing systems, VOR receiver check
points, preferred routes, Flight Service Station/Weather Service
telephone numbers, Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)
frequencies, parttime surface areas, and various other pertinent
special notices essential to air navigation. These publications are
available upon subscription from the Aeronautical Navigation
Products (AeroNav) Logistics Group, Federal Aviation
Administration, Glenn Dale, Maryland 20769.This manual is
complemented by other operational publications which are available
via separate subscriptions. These publications are: Notices to
Airmen publication - A publication containing current Notices to
Airmen (NOTAMs) which are considered essential to the safety of
flightPublication Schedule Basic or Change Basic Manual Change 1
Change 2 Change 3 Basic ManualBasic Flight Information and ATC
ProceduresCutoff Date for Submission 8/25/11 2/19/12 7/26/12 3/7/13
8/22/13Effective Date of Publication 2/9/12 7/26/12 3/7/13 8/22/13
2/6/14
- 24. 7/26/12AIMFlight Information Publication Policy The
following is in essence, the statement issued by the FAA
Administrator and published in the December 10, 1964, issue of the
Federal Register, concerning the FAA policy as pertaining to the
type of information that will be published as NOTAMs and in the
Aeronautical Information Manual. a. It is a pilots inherent
responsibility to be alert at all times for and in anticipation of
all circumstances, situations, and conditions affecting the safe
operation of the aircraft. For example, a pilot should expect to
find air traffic at any time or place. At or near both civil and
military airports and in the vicinity of known training areas, a
pilot should expect concentrated air traffic and realize
concentrations of air traffic are not limited to these places. b.
It is the general practice of the agency to advertise by NOTAM or
other flight information publications such information it may deem
appropriate; information which the agency may from time to time
make available to pilots is solely for the purpose of assisting
them in executing their regulatory responsibilities. Such
information serves the aviation community as a whole and not pilots
individually.Flight Information Publication Policyc. The fact that
the agency under one particular situation or another may or may not
furnish information does not serve as a precedent of the agencys
responsibility to the aviation community; neither does it give
assurance that other information of the same or similar nature will
be advertised, nor, does it guarantee that any and all information
known to the agency will be advertised. d. This publication, while
not regulatory, provides information which reflects examples of
operating techniques and procedures which may be requirements in
other federal publications or regulations. It is made available
solely to assist pilots in executing their responsibilities
required by other publications. Consistent with the foregoing, it
is the policy of the Federal Aviation Administration to furnish
information only when, in the opinion of the agency, a unique
situation should be advertised and not to furnish routine
information such as concentrations of air traffic, either civil or
military. The Aeronautical Information Manual will not contain
informative items concerning everyday circumstances that pilots
should, either by good practices or regulation, expect to encounter
or avoid.
- 25. 7/26/12AIMAeronautical Information Manual (AIM) Code of
Federal Regulations and Advisory Circulars Code of Federal
Regulations - The FAA publishes the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFRs) to make readily available to the aviation community the
regulatory requirements placed upon them. These regulations are
sold as individual parts by the Superintendent of Documents. The
more frequently amended parts are sold on subscription service with
subscribers receiving changes automatically as issued. Less active
parts are sold on a singlesale basis. Changes to single-sale parts
will be sold separately as issued. Information concerning these
changes will be furnished by the FAA through its Status of Federal
Aviation Regulations, AC 0044. Advisory Circulars - The FAA issues
Advisory Circulars (ACs) to inform the aviation public in a
systematic way of nonregulatory material. Unless incorporated into
a regulation by reference, the contents of an advisory circular are
not binding on the public. Advisory Circulars are issued in a
numbered subject system corresponding to the subject areas of the
Code of Federal Regulations (CFRs) (Title 14, Chapter 1, FAA). AC
002, Advisory Circular Checklist and Status of Other FAA
Publications, contains advisory circulars that are for sale as well
as those distributed freeofcharge by the FAA.Code of Federal
Regulations and Advisory CircularsNOTE The above information
relating to CFRs and ACs is extracted from AC 002. Many of the CFRs
and ACs listed in AC 002 are crossreferenced in the AIM. These
regulatory and nonregulatory references cover a wide range of
subjects and are a source of detailed information of value to the
aviation community. AC 002 is issued annually and can be obtained
freeofchar e from: g U.S. Department of Transportation Subsequent
Distribution Office Ardmore East Business Center 3341 Q 75th Avenue
Landover, MD 20785 Telephone: 3013224961 AC 002 may also be found
at: http://www.faa.gov under Advisory Circulars.External References
- All references to Advisory Circulars and other FAA publications
in the Aeronautical Information Manual include the FAA Advisory
Circular or Order identification numbers (when available). However,
due to varied publication dates, the basic publication letter is
not included. EXAMPLE FAAO JO 7110.65M, Air Traffic Control, is
referenced as FAAO JO 7110.65.
- 26. 7/26/12AIMTable of Contents Chapter 1.Air Navigation
Section 1.Navigation Aids ParagraphPage1-1-1.General . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2.Nondirectional Radio
Beacon (NDB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 1-1-3.VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR) . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-4.VOR
Receiver Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-5.Tactical Air
Navigation (TACAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-6.VHF Omni-directional
Range/Tactical Air Navigation (VORTAC) . . . . . . . . .
1-1-7.Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-8.Navigational Aid
(NAVAID) Service Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 1-1-9.Instrument Landing System (ILS) . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1-10.Simplified Directional Facility (SDF) . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-11.Microwave
Landing System (MLS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-12.NAVAID Identifier Removal During
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-1-13.NAVAIDs with Voice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-14.User
Reports on NAVAID Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-15.LORAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 1-1-16.VHF Direction Finder . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 1-1-17.Inertial Reference Unit (IRU), Inertial Navigation System
(INS), and Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-18.Doppler Radar . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-19.Global Positioning System (GPS) . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 1-1-20.Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-21.Ground Based
Augmentation System (GBAS) Landing System (GLS) . . . . . .
1-1-22.Precision Approach Systems other than ILS, GLS, and MLS . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .1-1-1 1-1-1 1-1-1 1-1-2 1-1-3 1-1-3 1-1-3
1-1-4 1-1-7 1-1-12 1-1-14 1-1-16 1-1-17 1-1-17 1-1-17 1-1-17 1-1-18
1-1-18 1-1-18 1-1-29 1-1-34 1-1-34Section 2.Area Navigation (RNAV)
and Required Navigation Performance (RNP) 1-2-1.Area Navigation
(RNAV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-2.Required Navigation Performance
(RNP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1-2-3.Use of Suitable Area Navigation (RNAV) Systems on
Conventional Procedures and Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2-1 1-2-4 1-2-5Chapter
2.Aeronautical Lighting and Other Airport Visual Aids Section
1.Airport Lighting Aids 2-1-1.Approach Light Systems (ALS) . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 2-1-2.Visual Glideslope Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-3.Runway End Identifier Lights (REIL) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-4.Runway Edge Light
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-5.In-runway Lighting . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 2-1-6.Runway Status Light (RWSL) System . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-7.StandAlone Final Approach Runway Occupancy Signal (FAROS) . .
. . . . . . . .Table of Contents2-1-1 2-1-1 2-1-6 2-1-6 2-1-6 2-1-7
2-1-10i
- 27. AIM7/26/12ParagraphPage2-1-8.Control of Lighting Systems .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 2-1-9.Pilot Control of Airport Lighting . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-1-10.Airport/Heliport Beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-11.Taxiway
Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1-11 2-1-11 2-1-14
2-1-15Section 2.Air Navigation and Obstruction Lighting
2-2-1.Aeronautical Light Beacons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-2.Code
Beacons and Course Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-3.Obstruction Lights . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .2-2-1 2-2-1 2-2-1Section 3.Airport Marking
Aids and Signs 2-3-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2-3-2.Airport Pavement Markings . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-3-3.Runway Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-3-4.Taxiway Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-3-5.Holding Position Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-6.Other
Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-7.Airport Signs
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-8.Mandatory
Instruction Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-9.Location Signs . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-10.Direction Signs . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 2-3-11.Destination Signs . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 2-3-12.Information Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2-3-13.Runway Distance Remaining Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-14.Aircraft
Arresting Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-15.Security Identifications
Display Area (Airport Ramp Area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3-1
2-3-1 2-3-1 2-3-7 2-3-12 2-3-16 2-3-19 2-3-20 2-3-23 2-3-25 2-3-28
2-3-29 2-3-29 2-3-30 2-3-31Chapter 3.Airspace Section 1.General
3-1-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-1-2.General Dimensions of Airspace Segments . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1-3.Hierarchy of
Overlapping Airspace Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 3-1-4.Basic VFR Weather Minimums . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-1-5.VFR Cruising Altitudes and Flight Levels . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1-1 3-1-1 3-1-1 3-1-1
3-1-2Section 2.Controlled Airspace 3-2-1.General . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-2.Class A Airspace . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-3.Class B Airspace . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 3-2-4.Class C Airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 3-2-5.Class D Airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 3-2-6.Class E Airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2-1
3-2-2 3-2-2 3-2-4 3-2-8 3-2-9Section 3.Class G Airspace
3-3-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-3-2.VFR Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3-3.IFR
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii3-3-1 3-3-1
3-3-1Table of Contents
- 28. 7/26/12AIMSection 4.Special Use Airspace
ParagraphPage3-4-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 3-4-2.Prohibited Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 3-4-3.Restricted Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-4.Warning Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-5.Military Operations Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4-6.Alert
Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-4-7.Controlled Firing Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4-1 3-4-1
3-4-1 3-4-1 3-4-2 3-4-2 3-4-2Section 5.Other Airspace Areas
3-5-1.Airport Advisory/Information Services . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5-2.Military Training
Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5-3.Temporary Flight Restrictions .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 3-5-4.Parachute Jump Aircraft Operations . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-5.Published VFR Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-5-6.Terminal Radar Service Area (TRSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5-7.National Security
Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5-1 3-5-1 3-5-2 3-5-5 3-5-5 3-5-9
3-5-9Chapter 4.Air Traffic Control Section 1.Services Available to
Pilots 4-1-1.Air Route Traffic Control Centers . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-2.Control
Towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-3.Flight Service
Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-4.Recording and Monitoring
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 4-1-5.Communications Release of IFR Aircraft
Landing at an Airport Without an Operating Control Tower . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1-6.Pilot Visits to Air Traffic Facilities . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-7.Operation
Takeoff and Operation Raincheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 4-1-8.Approach Control Service for VFR Arriving
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-9.Traffic
Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers . .
. . 4-1-10.IFR Approaches/Ground Vehicle Operations . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-11.Designated
UNICOM/MULTICOM Frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 4-1-12.Use of UNICOM for ATC Purposes . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-13.Automatic
Terminal Information Service (ATIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 4-1-14.Automatic Flight Information Service (AFIS)
- Alaska FSSs Only . . . . . . . . . 4-1-15.Radar Traffic
Information Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-16.Safety Alert . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 4-1-17.Radar Assistance to VFR Aircraft . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1-18.Terminal Radar Services for VFR Aircraft . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-19.Tower En Route Control
(TEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 4-1-20.Transponder Operation . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-1-21.Hazardous Area Reporting Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-22.Airport
Reservation Operations and Special Traffic Management Programs .
4-1-23.Requests for Waivers and Authorizations from Title 14, Code
of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1-24.Weather
System Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table of Contents4-1-1 4-1-1
4-1-1 4-1-1 4-1-1 4-1-1 4-1-2 4-1-2 4-1-2 4-1-6 4-1-6 4-1-7 4-1-7
4-1-8 4-1-8 4-1-10 4-1-11 4-1-12 4-1-14 4-1-15 4-1-18 4-1-21 4-1-23
4-1-23iii
- 29. AIM7/26/12Section 2.Radio Communications Phraseology and
Techniques ParagraphPage4-2-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-2.Radio Technique . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 4-2-3.Contact Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 4-2-4.Aircraft Call Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-5.Description of Interchange or Leased Aircraft . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-6.Ground Station Call
Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2-7.Phonetic Alphabet . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 4-2-8.Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 4-2-9.Altitudes and Flight Levels . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-10.Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-11.Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-12.Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-13.Communications with Tower when Aircraft Transmitter or
Receiver or Both are Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-2-14.Communications for VFR Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2-1 4-2-1 4-2-1 4-2-3
4-2-4 4-2-4 4-2-5 4-2-6 4-2-6 4-2-6 4-2-6 4-2-6 4-2-7 4-2-8Section
3.Airport Operations 4-3-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 4-3-2.Airports with an Operating Control Tower
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-3-3.Traffic Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-3-4.Visual Indicators at Airports Without an Operating Control
Tower . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-5.Unexpected Maneuvers in the Airport
Traffic Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-6.Use
of Runways/Declared Distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-7.Low Level Wind
Shear/Microburst Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 4-3-8.Braking Action Reports and Advisories . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-9.Runway
Friction Reports and Advisories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-10.Intersection Takeoffs . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 4-3-11.Pilot Responsibilities When Conducting Land
and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-12.Low
Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-13.Traffic
Control Light Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-14.Communications . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-15.Gate Holding Due to Departure Delays
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-3-16.VFR Flights in Terminal Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-17.VFR
Helicopter Operations at Controlled Airports . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-18.Taxiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 4-3-19.Taxi During Low Visibility . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 4-3-20.Exiting the Runway After Landing . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-21.Practice
Instrument Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-22.Option Approach . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 4-3-23.Use of Aircraft Lights . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 4-3-24.Flight Inspection/`Flight Check' Aircraft in Terminal
Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-25.Hand Signals . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-26.Operations at Uncontrolled
Airports With Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS)/Automated
Weather Sensor System(AWSS)/ Automated Weather Observing System
(AWOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv4-3-1 4-3-1
4-3-2 4-3-5 4-3-6 4-3-6 4-3-11 4-3-11 4-3-11 4-3-12 4-3-13 4-3-15
4-3-15 4-3-16 4-3-17 4-3-17 4-3-17 4-3-19 4-3-20 4-3-21 4-3-21
4-3-23 4-3-23 4-3-24 4-3-24 4-3-28Table of Contents
- 30. 7/26/12AIMSection 4.ATC Clearances and Aircraft Separation
ParagraphPage4-4-1.Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 4-4-2.Clearance Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 4-4-3.Clearance Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-4.Amended Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-5.Coded
Departure Route (CDR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-6.Special VFR Clearances . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 4-4-7.Pilot Responsibility upon Clearance
Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-8.IFR Clearance VFR-on-top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-9.VFR/IFR Flights
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-10.Adherence to Clearance .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 4-4-11.IFR Separation Standards . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 4-4-12.Speed Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-13.Runway Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-14.Visual Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4-15.Use of Visual Clearing Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-16.Traffic Alert
and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS I & II) . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 4-4-17.Traffic Information Service (TIS) . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4-1
4-4-1 4-4-1 4-4-2 4-4-3 4-4-3 4-4-4 4-4-4 4-4-5 4-4-5 4-4-7 4-4-7
4-4-9 4-4-9 4-4-10 4-4-10 4-4-10Section 5.Surveillance Systems
4-5-1.Radar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-2.Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5-3.Surveillance Radar . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 4-5-4.Precision Approach Radar (PAR) . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-5.Airport Surface Detection Equipment - Model X (ASDE-X) . . .
. . . . . . . . . 4-5-6.Traffic Information Service (TIS) . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-7.Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Services .
. . . . . . . . 4-5-8.Traffic Information Service- Broadcast
(TIS-B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5-9.Flight Information Service- Broadcast (FIS-B) . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5-10.Automatic Dependent
Surveillance-Rebroadcast (ADS-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5-1
4-5-2 4-5-7 4-5-7 4-5-7 4-5-8 4-5-14 4-5-17 4-5-18 4-5-20Section
6.Operational Policy/Procedures for Reduced Vertical Separation
Minimum (RVSM) in the Domestic U.S., Alaska, Offshore Airspace and
the San Juan FIR 4-6-1.Applicability and RVSM Mandate (Date/Time
and Area) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-1 4-6-2.Flight
Level Orientation Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-1 4-6-3.Aircraft and Operator
Approval Policy/Procedures, RVSM Monitoring and Databases for
Aircraft and Operator Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 4-6-2 4-6-4.Flight Planning into RVSM Airspace . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-3
4-6-5.Pilot RVSM Operating Practices and Procedures . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-3 4-6-6.Guidance on Severe
Turbulence and Mountain Wave Activity (MWA) . . . . . . . 4-6-4
4-6-7.Guidance on Wake Turbulence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-5
4-6-8.Pilot/Controller Phraseology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-6
4-6-9.Contingency Actions:Weather Encounters and Aircraft System
Failures . . . . . 4-6-8 4-6-10.Procedures for Accommodation of
Non-RVSM Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-10
4-6-11.Non-RVSM Aircraft Requesting Climb to and Descent from
Flight Levels Above RVSM Airspace Without Intermediate Level Off .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6-11Table of
Contentsv
- 31. AIM7/26/12Section 7.Operational Policy/Procedures for the
Gulf of Mexico 50 NM Lateral Separation Initiative
ParagraphPage4-7-1.Introduction and Background . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-1
4-7-2.Gulf of Mexico 50 NM Lateral Separation Initiative Web Page:
Policy, Procedures and Guidance for Operators and Regulators . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-1 4-7-3.Lateral
Separation Minima Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-1 4-7-4.Operation on Routes on
the periphery of the Gulf of Mexico CTAs . . . . . . . . . 4-7-2
4-7-5.Provisions for Accommodation of NonRNP10 Aircraft (Aircraft
Not Authorized RNP 10 or RNP 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-2
4-7-6.Operator Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-2
4-7-7.RNP 10 or RNP 4 Authorization: Policy and Procedures for
Aircraft and Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-7-2 4-7-8.Flight Planning Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7-4
4-7-9.Pilot and Dispatcher Procedures: Basic and Inflight
Contingency Procedures . 4-7-5Chapter 5.Air Traffic Procedures
Section 1.Preflight 5-1-1.Preflight Preparation . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 5-1-2.Follow IFR Procedures Even When Operating VFR . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-3.Notice to Airmen (NOTAM)
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 5-1-4.Flight Plan - VFR Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1-5.Operational Information System (OIS) . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-6.Flight Plan-
Defense VFR (DVFR) Flights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 5-1-7.Composite Flight Plan (VFR/IFR Flights) . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1-8.Flight Plan (FAA Form 7233-1)- Domestic IFR Flights . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-9.International Flight Plan (FAA Form
7233-4)- IFR Flights (For Domestic or International Flights) . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 5-1-10.IFR Operations to High Altitude Destinations
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-11.Flights
Outside the U.S. and U.S. Territories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-12.Change in Flight Plan . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5-1-13.Change in Proposed Departure Time . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1-14.Closing VFR/DVFR Flight Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-15.Canceling IFR
Flight Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1-16.RNAV and RNP Operations . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .5-1-1 5-1-2 5-1-2 5-1-8 5-1-10 5-1-10 5-1-11 5-1-11 5-1-18
5-1-27 5-1-28 5-1-29 5-1-30 5-1-30 5-1-30 5-1-30Section 2.Departure
Procedures 5-2-1.Pretaxi Clearance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-2-2.Pre-departure Clearance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-3.Taxi Clearance . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-4.Line Up and Wait (LUAW) .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 5-2-5.Abbreviated IFR Departure Clearance (Cleared.
. .as Filed) Procedures . . . . . 5-2-6.Departure Restrictions,
Clearance Void Times, Hold for Release, and Release Times . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2-7.Departure Control . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5-2-8.Instrument Departure Procedures (DP) - Obstacle
Departure Procedures (ODP) and Standard Instrument Departures (SID)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi5-2-1 5-2-1 5-2-1 5-2-1
5-2-2 5-2-4 5-2-5 5-2-5Table of Contents
- 32. 7/26/12AIMSection 3.En Route Procedures
ParagraphPage5-3-1.ARTCC Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-3-2.Position Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-3-3.Additional Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-3-4.Airways and Route Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3-5.Airway or
Route Course Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3-6.Changeover Points (COPs) . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5-3-7.Minimum Turning Altitude (MTA) . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-3-8.Holding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.5-3-1 5-3-3 5-3-4 5-3-5 5-3-7 5-3-8 5-3-8 5-3-8Section 4.Arrival
Procedures 5-4-1.Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR), Area Navigation
(RNAV) STAR, and Flight Management System Procedures (FMSP) for
Arrivals . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-2.Local Flow Traffic
Management Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 5-4-3.Approach Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 5-4-4.Advance Information on Instrument Approach . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-5.Instrument Approach
Procedure Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 5-4-6.Approach Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 5-4-7.Instrument Approach Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-8.Special
Instrument Approach Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-9.Procedure Turn and Hold-in-lieu of
Procedure Turn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-10.Timed
Approaches from a Holding Fix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-11.Radar Approaches . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5-4-12.Radar Monitoring of Instrument Approaches . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-13.ILS/MLS
Approaches to Parallel Runways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-14.Parallel ILS/MLS Approaches
(Dependent)(See FIG 5-4-19.) . . . . . . . . . . .
5-4-15.Simultaneous Parallel ILS/MLS Approaches (Independent) (See
FIG 5-4-20.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-16.Simultaneous Close
Parallel ILS PRM Approaches (Independent) and Simultaneous Offset
Instrument Approaches (SOIA) (See FIG 5-4-21.) 5-4-17.Simultaneous
Converging Instrument Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 5-4-18.RNP AR Instrument Approach Procedures . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-19.Side-step
Maneuver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-20.Approach and Landing
Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 5-4-21.Missed Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 5-4-22.Use of Enhanced Flight Vision Systems (EFVS) on Instrument
Approaches . 5-4-23.Visual Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 5-4-24.Charted Visual Flight Procedure (CVFP) . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-25.Contact Approach . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4-26.Landing Priority . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 5-4-27.Overhead Approach Maneuver . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-4-1
5-4-2 5-4-2 5-4-3 5-4-4 5-4-25 5-4-26 5-4-28 5-4-28 5-4-31 5-4-34
5-4-35 5-4-36 5-4-38 5-4-39 5-4-41 5-4-47 5-4-47 5-4-49 5-4-49
5-4-52 5-4-55 5-4-57 5-4-58 5-4-59 5-4-59 5-4-59Section
5.Pilot/Controller Roles and Responsibilities 5-5-1.General . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-2.Air Traffic
Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-3.Contact Approach . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-4.Instrument Approach . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 5-5-5.Missed Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 5-5-6.Radar Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Table
of Contents5-5-1 5-5-1 5-5-2 5-5-2 5-5-2 5-5-3vii
- 33. AIM7/26/12ParagraphPage5-5-7.Safety Alert . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-8.See and Avoid . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 5-5-9.Speed Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 5-5-10.Traffic Advisories (Traffic Information) . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-11.Visual
Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-12.Visual
Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-13.VFRontop . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5-14.Instrument Departures . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 5-5-15.Minimum Fuel Advisory . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 5-5-16.RNAV and RNP Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-5-3 5-5-4 5-5-4
5-5-4 5-5-5 5-5-5 5-5-6 5-5-6 5-5-6 5-5-7Section 6.National
Security and Interception Procedures 5-6-1.National Security . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6-2.Interception Procedures . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 5-6-3.Law Enforcement Operations by Civil and
Military Organizations . . . . . . . . . . 5-6-4.Interception
Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6-5.ADIZ Boundaries and
Designated Mountainous Areas (See FIG 5-6-3.) . . . 5-6-6.Visual
Warning System (VWS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-6-1 5-6-2 5-6-5 5-6-6 5-6-8
5-6-9Chapter 6.Emergency Procedures Section 1.General 6-1-1.Pilot
Responsibility and Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1-2.Emergency Condition-
Request Assistance Immediately . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.6-1-1 6-1-1Section 2.Emergency Services Available to Pilots
6-2-1.Radar Service for VFR Aircraft in Difficulty . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-2.Transponder Emergency
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 6-2-3.Direction Finding Instrument Approach Procedure
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-4.Intercept and
Escort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-5.Emergency Locator
Transmitter (ELT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 6-2-6.FAA K-9 Explosives Detection Team Program . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-7.Search and
Rescue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-2-1 6-2-1 6-2-1 6-2-2
6-2-2 6-2-4 6-2-5Section 3.Distress and Urgency Procedures
6-3-1.Distress and Urgency Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3-2.Obtaining Emergency
Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 6-3-3.Ditching Procedures . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 6-3-4.Special Emergency (Air Piracy) . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-3-5.Fuel Dumping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-3-1
6-3-2 6-3-3 6-3-6 6-3-7Section 4.Twoway Radio Communications
Failure 6-4-1.Twoway Radio Communications Failure . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-2.Transponder
Operation During Twoway Communications Failure . . . . . . . . . .
6-4-3.Reestablishing Radio Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-4-1 6-4-2
6-4-2Section 5.Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting Communications
6-5-1.Discrete Emergency Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viii6-5-1Table of
Contents
- 34. 7/26/12AIMParagraphPage6-5-2.Radio Call Signs . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-3.ARFF Emergency Hand Signals . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.6-5-1 6-5-1Chapter 7.Safety of Flight Section 1.Meteorology
7-1-1.National Weather Service Aviation Products . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-2.FAA Weather Services
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-3.Use of Aviation Weather Products .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7-1-4.Preflight Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-5.En Route Flight Advisory Service (EFAS) . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-6.Inflight Aviation
Weather Advisories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-7.Categorical Outlooks . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 7-1-8.Telephone Information Briefing Service (TIBS) . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-9.Transcribed
Weather Broadcast (TWEB) (Alaska Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 7-1-10.Inflight Weather Broadcasts . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-11.Flight Information Services (FIS) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-12.Weather
Observing Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-13.Weather Radar Services . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 7-1-14.ATC Inflight Weather Avoidance Assistance .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-15.Runway
Visual Range (RVR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-16.Reporting of Cloud Heights .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 7-1-17.Reporting Prevailing Visibility . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-18.Estimating Intensity of Rain and Ice Pellets . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-19.Estimating Intensity
of Snow or Drizzle (Based on Visibility) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 7-1-20.Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-21.PIREPs
Relating to Airframe Icing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-22.Definitions of Inflight
Icing Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 7-1-23.PIREPs Relating to Turbulence . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-24.Wind Shear PIREPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-25.Clear
Air Turbulence (CAT) PIREPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-26.Microbursts . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-27.PIREPs Relating to Volcanic Ash
Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 7-1-28.Thunderstorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-29.Thunderstorm Flying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1-30.Key to
Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) and Aviation Routine Weather Report
(METAR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-1-31.International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Weather
Formats . . . . . . .7-1-1 7-1-1 7-1-3 7-1-6 7-1-8 7-1-9 7-1-19
7-1-20 7-1-20 7-1-20 7-1-23 7-1-27 7-1-34 7-1-38 7-1-40 7-1-42
7-1-42 7-1-42 7-1-43 7-1-43 7-1-44 7-1-45 7-1-48 7-1-49 7-1-49
7-1-49 7-1-59 7-1-59 7-1-60 7-1-62 7-1-64Section 2.Altimeter
Setting Procedures 7-2-1.General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 7-2-2.Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 7-2-3.Altimeter Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 7-2-4.High Barometric Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-5.Low
Barometric Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2-1 7-2-1 7-2-3 7-2-4
7-2-4Section 3.Wake Turbulence 7-3-1.General . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-2.Vortex Generation . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .Table of Contents7-3-1 7-3-1ix
- 35. AIM7/26/12ParagraphPage7-3-3.Vortex Strength . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-4.Vortex Behavior . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 7-3-5.Operations Problem Areas . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-3-6.Vortex Avoidance Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-7.Helicopters .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-8.Pilot
Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-9.Air Traffic
Wake Turbulence Separations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .7-3-1 7-3-2 7-3-5 7-3-5 7-3-6 7-3-6
7-3-7Section 4.Bird Hazards and Flight Over National Refuges,
Parks, and Forests 7-4-1.Migratory Bird Activity . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 7-4-2.Reducing Bird Strike Risks . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-4-3.Reporting Bird Strikes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-4-4.Reporting Bird and Other Wildlife Activities . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4-5.Pilot Advisories on
Bird and Other Wildlife Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 7-4-6.Flights Over Charted U.S. Wildlife Refuges, Parks,
and Forest Service Areas .7-4-1 7-4-1 7-4-1 7-4-1 7-4-2
7-4-2Section 5.Potential Flight Hazards 7-5-1.Accident Cause
Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-2.VFR in Congested Areas . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 7-5-3.Obstructions To Flight . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7-5-4.Avoid Flight Beneath Unmanned Balloons . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-5.Unmanned Aircraft
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-6.Mountain Flying . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 7-5-7.Use of Runway Half-way Signs at Unimproved
Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-8.Seaplane Safety
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-9.Flight Operations in
Volcanic Ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 7-5-10.Emergency Airborne Inspection of Other
Aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-5-11.Precipitation Static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-5-12.Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
(Laser) Operations and Reporting Illumination of Aircraft . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-13.Flying in Flat Light and White
Out Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-5-14.Operations in Ground Icing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5-15.Avoid Flight in
the Vicinity of Thermal Plumes (Smoke Stacks and Cooling Towers) .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5-1 7-5-1 7-5-1 7-5-2
7-5-2 7-5-3 7-5-5 7-5-6 7-5-7 7-5-8 7-5-9 7-5-10 7-5-10 7-5-12
7-5-13Section 6.Safety, Accident, and Hazard Reports 7-6-1.Aviation
Safety Reporting Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6-2.Aircraft Accident and Incident
Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7-6-3.Near Midair Collision Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7-6-4.Unidentified Flying Object (UFO) Reports . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6-5.Safety Alerts For
Operators (SAFO) and Information For Operators (InFO) .7-6-1 7-6-1
7-6-2 7-6-3 7-6-3Chapter 8.Medical Facts for Pilots Section
1.Fitness for Flight 8-1-1.Fitness For Flight . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 8-1-2.Effects of Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. .x8-1-1 8-1-3Table of Contents