1 2 6 Developing Good Study Habits

UNIT 1 CHAPTER 2.6 Developing Good Study Habits

Developing Good Study Habits

It should be clear that finishing high

school is essential to getting a good job

and enjoying a successful career.

• Learning good study habits

• Managing your time

• Becoming skilled in test taking

• Listening and taking notes

Four things will help you succeed in high

school:

By studying, you reinforce the material

presented in your classes by:

• Reviewing textbook chapter or class notes

• Working some exercises or problems

This makes the material your own and leads

to better grades.

Tips on the importance of studying:

• It doesn’t have to be boring or hard.

• When done right, it is interesting and fun.

• Start at the beginning of the course.

• Most classes start easy and get harder.

• Master the first lesson or you will be lost.

Studying, when done right, can be

interesting and enjoyable.

A. acquiring test-taking skills

B. managing time well

C. studying

D. improving listening and note taking

skills

Strengthening your understanding of

the material that was presented to you

in school is called _______.

A. acquiring test-taking skills

B. managing time well

C. studying

D. improving listening and note taking

skills

Strengthening your understanding of

the material that was presented to you

in school is called _______.

Where to Study

School

Library

Friend’s house

• The library, with its

quiet atmosphere

and availability of

reference material,

will put you in the

right frame of mind

to study.

• Choose one

place you go

just to study.

• Any good place to study should have

good lighting, seating, and writing

space with few interruptions.10

• Organize your study materials and have

them at hand! 11

• Avoid listening to

music while you

study. Music may

relax you but

ultimately may

prove to be a

distraction and

keep the material

from sticking.

• Studying with a friend can be productive if

you are working on the same assignment.14

• But random

conversation

and visiting

can be a

distraction!

• Try experimenting with “study buddies” to

find out who you work best with so you

can get the most out of the experience.

When to Study

Set regular times to study.

What time is best for you?

Right after school?

Evenings?

A. School library

B. A friend’s home

C. Your after-school workplace

D. Your home

Which of these locations is the least

effective environment for studying?

A. School library

B. A friend’s home

C. Your after-school workplace

D. Your home

Which of these locations is the least

effective environment for studying?

A. You will associate it only with

schoolwork and not with recreation.

B. All of your materials will be in once

place so you will be organized.

C. This place will always be quiet and

have good lighting.

D. You will be more relaxed in a

familiar place.

What is the most important reason to

have just one place you go to study?

A. You will associate it only with

schoolwork and not with recreation.

B. All of your materials will be in once

place so you will be organized.

C. This place will always be quiet and

have good lighting.

D. You will be more relaxed in a

familiar place.

What is the most important reason to

have just one place you go to study?

Immediately attack the material for:

• Term papers

• Science projects

• Other big assignments

Remember even the scariest assignment can be tamed with just a little planning:

• Break the work down into steps.

• Plot them on your calendar.

Mastering this technique will give you a

skill that will help you the rest of your life.

Some guidelines for studying are:

1. Take breaks during long study

sessions.

2. Don't spend all your time on one

subject.

sessions.

subject.

3. Begin with the most boring or

hardest subject and work toward

the easiest one.

sessions.

subject.

3. Begin with the most boring or

hardest subject and work toward

the easiest one.

4. Keep a schedule for at least a week.

Be sure to include time for

recreation, sleep, exercise, food,

and friends.

A. Taking regular fifteen-minute breaks

during long sessions but getting back to

work immediately.

B. Limiting the study session to only one

subject.

C. Beginning with the most difficult

material then progressing to the easiest.

D. Making a monthly schedule and sticking

to it.

Which of these study techniques is

recommended?

A. Taking regular fifteen-minute breaks

during long sessions but getting back to

work immediately.

B. Limiting the study session to only one

subject.

C. Beginning with the most difficult

material then progressing to the easiest.

D. Making a monthly schedule and sticking

to it.

Which of these study techniques is

recommended?

Study Methods

O. Overview

K. Key Ideas

R1. Read

R2. Recall

R3. Reflect

R4. Review

OK4R PQRST

P. Preview

Q. Question

R. Read

S. State

T. Test

A couple of study methods that will help

you with the material in your book go by

the following initials:

O. Overview

K. Key Ideas

R1. Read

R2. Recall

R3. Reflect

R4. Review

O. OVERVIEW

Read the title, the introductory

and summarizing paragraphs

(often at the beginning or end

of a chapter, often in bold

type), and all headings.

K. KEY IDEAS

Skim for the key ideas

(usually found in the first

sentence of each paragraph).

Read italics and bold type;

study pictures, graphs, and

tables.

KEY IDEAS34

A. Relating what you just read to your

previous knowledge of the subject,

comparing it to the last chapter’s material

B. Skimming the text, noting italics or bold

type, carefully observing pictures, tables

and graphs

C. Closing the book, thinking about or writing

down the main points, discussing them

with a study buddy

D. Reading the title, introduction, chapter

headings, and summarizing paragraphs

Which of these activities is included in the

Key Ideas step of the OK4R study method?

A. Relating what you just read to your

previous knowledge of the subject,

comparing it to the last chapter’s material

B. Skimming the text, noting italics or bold

type, carefully observing pictures, tables

and graphs

C. Closing the book, thinking about or writing

down the main points, discussing them

with a study buddy

D. Reading the title, introduction, chapter

headings, and summarizing paragraphs

Which of these activities is included in the

Key Ideas step of the OK4R study method?

R1. READ

Read the entire assignment.

R2. RECALL

Put aside the material and say

or write the major points

of the reading. (This is where

a study buddy can help.)

RECALL

R3. REFLECT

Fix the material in your mind,

and relate it to any other

information you may have

studied about the subject.

REFLECT

R4. REVIEW

Do this step before the

next test or quiz on the

material.

REVIEW

A. Read

B. Recall

C. Reflect

D. Review

In the OK4R study method, which of

the four Rs involves relating what you

just read to your previous knowledge

of the subject?

A. Read

B. Recall

C. Reflect

D. Review

In the OK4R study method, which of

the four Rs involves relating what you

just read to your previous knowledge

of the subject?

P. Preview

Q. Question

R. Read

S. State

T. Test

Now let’s take a look at this study method.

P. PREVIEW

Briefly glance through the

material scanning topic

sentences, pictures, graphs,

tables, and summaries just

for main points. Do not yet

worry about details.

PREVIEW49

Q. QUESTION

Make up questions about the

material. Many textbooks

include questions at the end

of the chapter. Read the

questions to get an idea of the

material you are going to read.

R. READ

Effective reading is reaction.

Think about what you are

reading. Read all the

information, but try to figure

out each point and

concentrate your thoughts.

A. Qualify

B. Quiet

C. Quiz

D. Question

In the PQRST study method, what

does the Q stand for?

A. Qualify

B. Quiet

C. Quiz

D. Question

In the PQRST study method, what

does the Q stand for?

S. STATE

Say aloud what you have read.

Put into your own words the

facts, thoughts, and ideas you

have read. In some cases, you

may prefer to write out sentences

or notes to recall your readings.

STATE57

T. TEST

Think of this as a review step.

Sometime after the first reading

and saying, test how much you

remember about the material. If you

have written out notes or sentences,

check back and see if you still recall

the important information.

A. Writing down what they’ve learned and

having a friend read the sentences back to

B. Making a recording of the first sentence of

each paragraph then listening to it after

they’ve read the chapter.

C. Stating aloud the ideas and facts in their own

words after reading the material

D. Ask the instructor to let them review or

borrow any relevant audio-visual materials

In the PQRST study method, what version of the

State step should be tried by students who

learn best by listening?

A. Writing down what they’ve learned and

having a friend read the sentences back to

B. Making a recording of the first sentence of

each paragraph then listening to it after

they’ve read the chapter.

C. Stating aloud the ideas and facts in their own

words after reading the material

D. Ask the instructor to let them review or

borrow any relevant audio-visual materials

In the PQRST study method, what version of the

State step should be tried by students who

learn best by listening?

Tests And Exams

The best preparation for examinations

is keeping up with assignments using

good study behavior.

prepared for

this exam!"

"I sure

wish I would have

started studying

sooner!"

Effective Exam Preparation

• Keep up with assignments.

• Study regularly.

• Anticipate teacher's questions.

• Review emphasized class

discussions.

Ideas for Test Taking

If faced with an objective or short answer

test – pay attention to details.

If taking an essay exam – write about the

big ideas of the material and their

relationships.

Ineffective Exam Preparation

• Cramming - will make you less likely toremember the material.

• Excessive worrying

Preparing for an exam at the last

minute

Cramming

Effective test taking:

• Read directions carefully.

•Ask for clarification of directions.

True or False: Cramming for an exam

is ineffective because you are unlikely

to be able remember the information

during the test.

True or False: Cramming for an exam

is ineffective because you are unlikely

to be able remember the information

during the test.

Example of Multiple Choice

In which of the following activities may

an NJROTC cadet participate while in

uniform?

A. Political activities

B. Private employment

C. Commercial interests

D. School activities

Example of True/False

True or False. The sword salute on the

march is the survival of fancy moves

made by officers in military revues of

the 17th century.

A. True

B. False

Strategies to use on short answer

and true/false tests:

• Make a 30-second survey.

• Pay attention to details.

• Penalty for guessing?

• Use a steady pace.

• Skip and mark difficult questions.

Example of Completion Test

1. Socialism means that all work is

cooperative and no competition is

allowed.

2. Monarchies claimed that their power

to rule came from divine inspiration.

3. Mikhail Gorbachev became the new

leader in 1985, of the communist party

in the USSR and immediately began a

major reform campaign.75

COMPLETION TEST

1. Socialism means that all work is

cooperative and no competition is

allowed.

Strategies to use on completion tests:

• Do not leave blanks.

• Check doubtful questions.

Match the body part to the adverse effect that

alcohol has on it.

Brain Weakens the pumping action and decreases

the amount of blood to this body part

Stomach Affects the cortex of this body part causing the

drinker to feel the "high" of intoxication

Liver Causes this body part to secrete more gastric

acid, which contributes to the formation of

peptic ulcers

Heart Affects this body part's cells and decreases its

ability to metabolize fat

Example of Matching Test

Matching Tests

Strategies to use on matching tests:

• Answer easy questions first.

• Follow directions; sometimes answers

may be used more than once.

True or False: On a short-answer test,

do the difficult questions first and

come back to the easy ones later.

True or False: On a short-answer test,

do the difficult questions first and

come back to the easy ones later.

Example of Essay Test

1. What is the difference between

prejudice and discrimination?

2. What are the two main sources from

which you learn prejudice?

3. What are the three possible outcomes

in a situation of conflict? Which is the

most positive?

Essay Test

Essay tests usually require long written

answers to complex questions.

Unlike matching, true-false, and other

short answer tests, essay tests show your:

• Mastery of the material

• Writing skills

• Organizational skills

Essay Test

Strategies to use on essay tests:

• Read all questions first.

• Note phrases in margin.

• Know meaning of cue words.

Outlining

techniques:

• Organize the

answer.

• Write legibly.

• Read and

check.

Essay Test

Write legibly, and review your answers

before turning your paper in. Sometimes to

fill the blank space, you may write things

that are interesting and true, but not the

answer to the question.

The questions on essay tests are

often not really questions, but

commands: “Explain the causes of

the American Revolution.” These

commands are often given in

language you don’t use every day.

The matching drill on words in the

next few slides will prevent any

unpleasant surprises on test day.

Essay Tests

Matching Drill #1 - Match the cue with

its definition.

A. ANALYZE

B. COMPARE

C. CONTRAST

D. DEFINE

E. ELABORATE

a. To show differences or

similarities between two or

more things

b. To give a clear, undetailed,

but precise meaning

c. To examine critically, to

show essential features

d. To show differences when

compared

e. To develop a theme or idea

in greater detail

CUE DEFINITION

Matching Drill #1 - ANSWERS

A. ANALYZE

B. COMPARE

C. CONTRAST

D. DEFINE

E. ELABORATE

a. To show differences or

similarities between two or

more things

b. To give a clear, undetailed,

but precise meaning

c. To examine critically, to

show essential features

d. To show differences when

compared

e. To develop a theme or idea

in greater detail

CUE DEFINITION

Matching Drill #2 - Match the cue with

its definition.

A. EVALUATE

B. EXPLAIN

C. ILLUSTRATE

D. LIST

E. OUTLINE

a. To set down under each other a

series of facts, dates, words,

names, or data

b. To appraise carefully, giving

both the positive and negative

aspects

c. To clarify and interpret the

details of a problem, theory or

subject

d. To organize facts or to show

relationships

e. To explain or clarify by giving an

example

CUE DEFINITION

A. EVALUATE

B. EXPLAIN

C. ILLUSTRATE

D. LIST

E. OUTLINE

a. To set down under each other a

series of facts, dates, words,

names, or data

b. To appraise carefully, giving

both the positive and negative

aspects

c. To clarify and interpret the

details of a problem, theory or

subject

d. To organize facts or to show

relationships

e. To explain or clarify by giving an

example

CUE DEFINITION

Matching Drill #2 - ANSWERS

A. Make marginal notes using key words

and phrases you plan to cover

B. Organize your ideas, possibly using an

outline structure to check for

weaknesses

C. Look up any command words in the

question such as “illustrate,” “compare”

and “evaluate.

D. Read the question carefully to make

sure you understand it.

Before writing your response to an essay

test question, what should you do first?

A. Make marginal notes using key words

and phrases you plan to cover

B. Organize your ideas, possibly using an

outline structure to check for

weaknesses

C. Look up any command words in the

question such as “illustrate,” “compare”

and “evaluate.

D. Read the question carefully to make

sure you understand it.

Before writing your response to an essay

test question, what should you do first?

Listening and Note-taking Skills

Good listening skills are important to

success in school. Listening is a lot more

than just hearing.

Continuous, unfocused,

and unconscious

Hearing

Listening

Focused, conscious activity

Listening is the neglected

communication skill.

A. Writing

B. Speaking

C. Listening

D. Reading

What communication skill is the most

neglected?

A. Writing

B. Speaking

C. Listening

D. Reading

What communication skill is the most

neglected?

You become a better listener by

understanding the four types of listening:

• Passive

• Competitive

• Active

• Reflective

Passive listening is one-way

communication. You may or may not

understand what you’ve heard. Listening to

your MP3 player or television or a teacher

who doesn’t take questions are examples.

Competitive listening takes place when you

are not listening closely. You only listen long

enough to get the necessary information.

Active listening is two-way communication.

You pay full attention and think about the

information.

Reflective listening involves not only actively

listening to the speaker, but also interpreting

the speaker’s feelings. Good friends often

engage in reflective listening.

A. Competitive

B. Reflective

C. Active

D. Passive

What type of listening involves

interpreting what the speaker is

saying and observing body language?

A. Competitive

B. Reflective

C. Active

D. Passive

What type of listening involves

interpreting what the speaker is

saying and observing body language?

A. active

B. competitive

C. passive

D. reflective

When friends have a conversation,

they usually use _______ listening.

A. active

B. competitive

C. passive

D. reflective

When friends have a conversation,

they usually use _______ listening.

Effective Listening Techniques

To be a good listener, you need to focus on

what the speaker is saying. The following

techniques can help you.

• Clarify. Ask specific questions to ensure

you’ve understood the speaker.

Example: “When you say the research

paper is due on the 15th, do you mean in

class, or by the end of the day?”

• Restate. Use the speaker’s words as your

own and repeat what you think the

speaker has said.

Example: “Did I understand you correctly?

Did you say that classes will be canceled if

the temperature falls below zero degrees

Fahrenheit?”

• Acknowledge. Let the speaker know you

have understood the message and that you

appreciate the speaker’s point of view.

Example: “I appreciate the fact that you can’t attend every meeting. I realize that you live much farther from school than most students do.”

• Summarize. Touch on the main ideas or

conclusions, not each individual point. You

restate the main ideas and set the tone for

the next subject or conversation. This can be

useful when you are discussing several

issues.

Example: “OK. We’ve agreed that I’ll work your shift on Thursday evening and you’ll work mine on Friday morning, right?”

• Frame. You present information in a neutral

way. You can then find areas of agreement

on which to focus. This helps shape the

conversation.

Example: “I can see your point that we need

new team equipment, but we won’t get it

soon. Do you think we can make better use

of what we have?”

A. acknowledging

B. clarifying

C. framing

D. restating

Active listeners use the technique of

_______ when they indicate that they

understand and appreciate the

speaker’s message and point of view.

A. acknowledging

B. clarifying

C. framing

D. restating

Active listeners use the technique of

_______ when they indicate that they

understand and appreciate the

speaker’s message and point of view.

Note Taking

One way to remember what a speaker

or teacher says is to take notes.

Note taking tips:

• Don’t try to write down every word.

• Too many notes lead to poor listening skills.

• Jot down words, phrases, diagrams.

• Draw arrows and use bullet points.

• Make a sentence or two of the main points.

You could write down:

• Gs-philosophic, poetic

• Rs-practical, engineering

If your teacher says, “Some differences

between the Greeks and Romans were that

the Greeks were a philosophic and poetic

culture; whereas, the Romans were a

practical and engineering culture.”

Read over your notes soon after you take

them, while the speaker’s ideas are still

fresh in your mind.

Traits of a Successful

Student

Successful students:

• Set goals, so they have a clear idea why

they are in school.

• Practice good study habits.

• Manage time well.

• Become skilled in test taking.

True or False: Since you shouldn’t try

to write down everything you hear

during a lecture, you should just jot

down words and phrases as

reminders of the main points, then

review them several hours later.

True or False: Since you shouldn’t try

to write down everything you hear

during a lecture, you should just jot

down words and phrases as

reminders of the main points, then

review them several hours later.

It is never too early

for thinking about

what your goals in

life should be,

especially your

career goals.Short & Mid-Term Goals

Long-Term Goals

Conclusion

Whether you go

to college or not,

you’ll want a

satisfying career,

not just a string of

The NJROTC program is an excellent

source of information for any career

program that you may want to consider.

Naval science instructors will assist

you if you are considering the military

as a career.

A. skim

B. summarize

C. review

D. cram

The least effective way to

prepare for a test is to _______,

since it is unlikely that students

will be able to remember the

information they tried to learn at

the last minute.

A. skim

B. summarize

C. review

D. cram

The least effective way to

prepare for a test is to _______,

since it is unlikely that students

will be able to remember the

information they tried to learn at

the last minute.

A. Technical

B. Medical and Dental

C. Law Enforcement

D. Mechanical

The Nuclear Power, Electronics,

and _______ Programs are the

three particularly demanding

programs offered to Naval

enlistees.

A. Technical

B. Medical and Dental

C. Law Enforcement

D. Mechanical

The Nuclear Power, Electronics,

and _______ Programs are the

three particularly demanding

programs offered to Naval

enlistees.

A. Studying with a friend

B. Starting with the hardest

subject

C. Listening to music

D. Making a weekly schedule

Which of these study

techniques is not considered

effective?

A. Studying with a friend

B. Starting with the hardest

subject

C. Listening to music

D. Making a weekly schedule

Which of these study

techniques is not considered

effective?

A. Key ideas

B. Reflect

C. Review

D. Recall

In the OK4R study method, what

phase involves thinking about

how the material fits in with

prior knowledge about the

subject?

A. Key ideas

B. Reflect

C. Review

D. Recall

In the OK4R study method, what

phase involves thinking about

how the material fits in with

prior knowledge about the

subject?

A. Look up command words in the

question such as “evaluate” and

“contrast.”

B. Make notes in the margins to plan the

key words and phrases they will

include.

C. Read the question carefully to make

sure they understand what they are

being asked to do.

D. Outline their ideas and look for any

weaknesses or omissions.

On an essay test, what should students do

before they begin writing their response?

A. Look up command words in the

question such as “evaluate” and

“contrast.”

B. Make notes in the margins to plan the

key words and phrases they will

include.

C. Read the question carefully to make

sure they understand what they are

being asked to do.

D. Outline their ideas and look for any

weaknesses or omissions.

On an essay test, what should students do

before they begin writing their response?

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