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By Amado Villarreal, Monterrey Tech, presented at the 17th TCI Global Conference, Monterrey 2014.
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Mexico and Latin American EconomiesAmado Villarreal
Mexico and Latin American Economies
11 November 2014
Mexico and Mexico and Latin American Latin American
EconomiesEconomies
Amado VillarrealAmado Villarreal
17th TCI Global Conference17th TCI Global ConferenceMonterrey, N.L. MéxicoMonterrey, N.L. México
Page 3YOUR LOGO
1. Mexico’s Strategic Sectors
2. Latin America’s Strategic Sectors
3. Common Strategic Sectors and Future
4. Policy Implications: Icluster – Mexico - Texas
5. Conclusions
Contenido
1. Mexico
STRATEGIC SECTORS
MEXICAN STRATEGIC SECTORS
No. CLUSTER PE CEI CAIE TLCAN
1Transportation equipment cluster (Automotive and Autoparts
• • • •
2 Electronic cluster• • • •
3 Plastics • • •
4 Tourism cluster • • • •
5Obtaining and processing of non-metallic minerals and fuels
• • •
6Food, beverages, confectionery and snuff
• • • •
7 Chemical manufacturing cluster • • • •
8Obtaining and processing of metal ores and metal products
• • • •
Fuente: Amado, Villarreal (2013). Identificación de Oportunidades Estratégicos de Desarrollo para México
2. Latin America
STRATEGIC SECTORS
Page 7YOUR LOGO
Latin America – Strategic Sectors
Source: The Atlas of Economic Complexity. Harvard University, with World Trade Data, UN.
More than 90% of exports from Latin America are concentrated in the following eight strategic sectors.
Exports - 2012 Argentina Colombia Chile Brazil MexicoEnergy 10.91% 57.24% 24.06% 26.19% 14.10%Automotive 12.00% 1.40% 0.90% 8.63% 18.52%Electronics 3.27% 1.95% 1.20% 7.89% 36.75%Obtaining and processing of metal ores and metal products 7.80% 11.06% 42.12% 9.35% 8.32%Agribusiness 52.98% 14.91% 18.34% 31.85% 6.52%Chemical manufacturing 9.17% 7.79% 4.81% 8.08% 6.04%Wood Products 1.26% 1.74% 7.16% 4.81% 0.66%
Page 8YOUR LOGO
Trade between Latin America and the rest of the World
Source: The atlas of economic complexity
Mexico, Colombia, Brazil and Chile export less than 10% of its products to Latin American countries
Page 9YOUR LOGO
3.
COMMON STRATEGIC SECTORS AND FUTURES
Technological Megatrends Impact
Technology push The comercialization of a scientific or technologic innovation in a defined market.
ClustersAgro – Food -Medical Biotechnology
Intelligent materials and Surface Engineering
MEMsMicro and Nanotechnology
New Energy Technologies
Energy
Automotive and Autoparts
Electronics
Agribusiness
Obtaining and processing of metal ores and metal products
Chemical manufacturing
Wood Products
THE ICLUSTER Iniciative
Page 12YOUR LOGO
1. Mexico
2. Latin America
3. Strategic Sector
4. Icluster – Latin America
5. Conclusion
Region’s composition
.Region Mexico :
Monterrey-Saltillo-Laredo-Reynosa
Region United States :
Dallas – Houston – San Antonio - Austin
Strategic Clusters
BUSINESS SERVICES CLUSTER
CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING CLUSTER
LOGISTIC CLUSTER
TOURISM CLUSTER
MAQUINARY AND EQUIPMENT CLUSTER
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT CLUSTER
TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT CLUSTER
MEDICAL SERVICES CLUSTER
ENERGY, OIL AND GAS CLUSTER.
Page 13YOUR LOGO
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT CLUSTER The quantity of business
located on the US and Mexico is very similar.
End Products and Intermediate Products companies are alike in both regions.
This is a proxy of complementarity in both regions.
The following slide shows a list of companies of the cluster.
Productive Chain Texas Mexico
End products
220
196
Intermediate products
289
388
Main inputs
1,267
1,666
Marketing - 16,629
Services for the cluster supply chain
40,767
12,627 Related industries
1,264 309
In general, this analysis is a primer on the binational value chains, showing some evidence of complementarity and identifying possible puntual areas of opportunity to
design binational regional economic development strategies.
CONCLUSIONMEXICO AND LATIN AMERICA
Regional Economic Development Strategies
1.It is essential to define the productive potential opportunities of the Latin American countries;
1.Guide policy to strengthen strategic sectors or clusters and
1.Guide efforts to accumulate core competencies around the tech trends that have more impact on the strategic sectors and
2.Create value through inserting the Latin American economy in the knowledge economy and on the global value chain.
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