We will start shortly…

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We will start shortly…

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Web Seminar You should hear my voice through your PC

speaker / headset You can ask questions using the “Questions”

panel on the right of your screen. We will answer: In the “Questions” Panel At the end of the presentation By email

Later this week you will receive link to: Presentation Recording of this webinar with narration Relevant links to SMARTEC website

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Distributed Fiber Optic Sensorsfor Dams and Levee Deformation Monitoring

Daniele Inaudi

inaudi@smartec.chSMARTEC SA, Manno, Switzerland

www.smartec.ch

Roctest, St. Lambert, Canadawww.roctest.com

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Traditional sensors - equipment

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Traditional sensors - equipment

???

?

?

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Introducing distributed sensing

Sensing everywhere

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Pipeline

Distributed Sensing Applications

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

DiTeSt / DiTemp Systems Distributed measurement of strain and/or

temperature Specialized cables for distributed sensing High spatial resolution: 1m Long range: up to 30km Long-term stability Dedicated software for data analysis on

visualization Cost-effective solution for large number of points

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Optical scattering in silica fibers

T, εT, ε

T, εT, ε

Scattered LightScattered Light

λ0

DiTemp DiTeSt

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Distributed Sensing

FF

eT1

Position [m]S

train

[me]

Reading Unit

Distributed Sensor0m

1m 100m

1000m

20km

T1

e

T2

T2

Position [m]

Tem

p. [°

C]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

DiTeSt: Performances

Range: 30 km Spatial Resolution: 1 m over 1km 2 m at 30 km Strain precision: 20 με T precision : ± 1° C Measurement time: typ. 5 min

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Cable Design

SMARTape: Strain sensing Temperature Cable

SMARTProfile: Strain and Temperature sensing

Hydro & Geo: Strain and Temperature sensing

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Graphical User Interface

DamsDikes

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Potential

sliding areaDistributed sensors, buried

Early settlement or sliding puts in tractionsensor parts in concerned areas Critical area

detected and localized

Potential settlement area

Settlements and slidings

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Early detection and localization of movements Possibility to locate dike defects or overflow Possibility to check water level over long

distance

RiverDike Dike

Leakage of dams, dikes & river banks

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Sensing cable in different layers for temperature monitoring during the concrete setting.

Sensing cable for monitoring the strain and temperature distribution dependent on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level.

Gravity dam

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Sensing cable for monitoring the temperature gradient dependents on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level.

Monitoring Joints movements

Surface, gallery or borehole installation for old dams.

Embedded solution for dams under construction.

Arch dams

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

New Orleans LeveeNetherlands Levee stability testLatvia gravity damUSA Sinkhole detection

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

iLevee Project, New Orleans

[SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District,Shannon and Wilson]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

iLevee I-Wall monitoring test period

[SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District, Shannon and Wilson]

Stra

in [µ

ε]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Field test: Ijkdijk Stability test, NL

[Source: Deltares]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Ijkdijk: Position of sensors

[Source: Deltares, Tencate, Inventec]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Ijkdijk: Failure mode

[Source: Deltares]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Ijkdijk Results

[Source: Deltares,Tencate, GeoPhyConsult]

Failure zone identified by high deformations at the edges.

A weak spot in the dike was discerned during the first excavation stage,42 hours before the dike really failed.

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

Plavinu Dam, Latvia Dam Monitoring Detection of concrete

cracks 250 m of SMARTape used 250 m of T sensor used Installation in a dam tunnel Automatic operation and

warning generation

[Source: VND3]

©2013 SMARTEC SA, a Nova Metrix company, www.smartec.ch

A total of 4 km of SMARTGeoTex Rope – DiTeSt were installed on a wide old-mine area

Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas

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Digging of the trench where the SMARTGeoTex Rope is deployed

Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas

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Sinkhole Monitoring: user interface

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Response test

[Source: Burns & McDonnell]

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Conclusions Fiber Optic sensors are an innovative, but well

proven technology useful for structural and geotechnical monitoring and instrumentation

Some unique features of FOS, in particular distributed sensing, open new application possibilities

Distributed sensing offers an ideal solution for the detection and localization of new conditions such as leakages, settlements, cracks, abnormal joint movements and others

Many successful application examples worldwide demonstrate the maturity of FOS technology