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World War II: War inWorld War II: War inthe Pacificthe Pacific
1941-1945
War Leaders
The Two Sides:– ______________________________
• President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (latersucceeded by Harry Truman)
– ______________________________• General Hideki Tojo (the Emperor’s name was
Hirohito)
The War in the Pacific
Japanese navy attacks Pearl Harbor onDecember 7, 1941– Plan was to knock out US Navy so Japan
could take over Asia– Catches US by surprise– Battleships were destroyed– 2400 killed.– US declares war on Japan December 8, 1941
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The War in the Pacific
Japan takes over Southeast Asia and thePacific– Takes a number of Pacific islands– The US Navy temporarily crippled
• Battleships destroyed, but not aircraft carriers
______ Theater of Operations
The War in the Pacific
U.S. forced to retreat from ____________– US led by General _____________________– “___________________________________”
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U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,the Philippines [March, 1942]
_____ Death March: April, 1942
___________ prisoners [12,000 Americans]___________ prisoners [12,000 Americans]Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POWMarched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW
camps in the Philippines.camps in the Philippines.
Bataan: British Soldiers
AALiberatedLiberatedBritishBritishPOWPOW
4
Allied Counter-Offensive:“___________________”
Battle of ______________:June 4-6, 1942
Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:First U. S. Raids on ________, 1942
5
The War in the Pacific
US in charge of the Pacific after theydefeat Japan at Battle of Midway in 1942
U.S. used “island hopping” strategy Japan running out of supplies News of Japanese defeats were kept from
the public. U.S. takes the ____________ in June, 1944
Gen. MacArthur “Returns” tothe Philippines! [1944]
Japanese _________ Planes:The Scourge of the South Pacific
Kamikaze PilotsKamikaze Pilots
SuicideSuicideBombersBombers
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The End of the War
Surrender of ____________ in April, 1945allows Allies to focus on Japan– Rest of Allies did not honor agreement to help
US in the Pacific.– Pacific campaign costly for the US– Fierce fighting on islands
• ______________________________• Blockade of Japan• Japanese soldiers would not ______________
US Marines on Mt. Surbachi,Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]
San Francisco, 1945
__________________________________meet to create the United Nations in April– These five would make up the
____________________________________
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______________ Dies
April 12, 1945: _____dies while posing fora portrait.
_________________becomes President
_____________ Conference:July, 1945
ψψ FDR dead, Churchill out of office as PrimeFDR dead, Churchill out of office as PrimeMinister during conference.Minister during conference.
ψψ _______ only original._______ only original.ψψ The United StatesThe United States
has the A-bomb.has the A-bomb.ψψ Allies agree ________Allies agree ________
is to be divided intois to be divided intooccupation zonesoccupation zones
ψψ Issued warning toIssued warning to _____ to surrender_____ to surrender P.M. Clement President JosephP.M. Clement President Joseph
Atlee Truman Stalin Atlee Truman Stalin
The Manhattan Project:Los Alamos,
NM
Dr.Dr.________________________________________________________
I am becomedeath,
the destroyerof worlds!
Major GeneralMajor GeneralLesley R. GrovesLesley R. Groves
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Tinian Island, 1945
Little Boy Fat ManLittle Boy Fat Man
____________________________ Crew Crew
Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb
_________ – August 6, 1945
©© ___________ killed___________ killedimmediately.immediately.
©© ________ buildings________ buildingsdestroyed.destroyed.
©© 100,000s died of100,000s died of________________________________________________________________
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_______ – August 9, 1945
©© __________ killed__________ killedimmediately.immediately.
©© ________ injured.________ injured.©© 100,000s died of100,000s died of
____________________________________________________________
_______ (September 2, 1945)
V-J Day in Times Square, NYC
10
WW IICasualties
CountryCountry Men in warMen in war Battle deathsBattle deaths WoundedWounded
AustraliaAustralia 1,000,0001,000,000 26,97626,976 180,864180,864
AustriaAustria 800,000800,000 280,000280,000 350,117350,117
BelgiumBelgium 625,000625,000 8,4608,460 55,51355,51311
BrazilBrazil22 40,33440,334 943943 4,2224,222
BulgariaBulgaria 339,760339,760 6,6716,671 21,87821,878
CanadaCanada 1,086,3431,086,34377 42,04242,04277 53,14553,145
ChinaChina33 17,250,52117,250,521 1,324,5161,324,516 1,762,0061,762,006
CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia —— 6,6836,68344 8,0178,017
DenmarkDenmark —— 4,3394,339 ——
FinlandFinland 500,000500,000 79,04779,047 50,00050,000
FranceFrance —— 201,568201,568 400,000400,000
GermanyGermany 20,000,00020,000,000 3,250,0003,250,00044 7,250,0007,250,000
GreeceGreece —— 17,02417,024 47,29047,290
HungaryHungary —— 147,435147,435 89,31389,313
IndiaIndia 2,393,8912,393,891 32,12132,121 64,35464,354
ItalyItaly 3,100,0003,100,000 149,496149,49644 66,71666,716
JapanJapan 9,700,0009,700,000 1,270,0001,270,000 140,000140,000
NetherlandsNetherlands 280,000280,000 6,5006,500 2,8602,860
New ZealandNew Zealand 194,000194,000 11,62511,62544 17,00017,000
NorwayNorway 75,00075,000 2,0002,000 ——
PolandPoland —— 664,000664,000 530,000530,000
RomaniaRomania 650,000650,00055 350,000350,00066 ——
South AfricaSouth Africa 410,056410,056 2,4732,473 ——
U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R. —— 6,115,0006,115,00044 14,012,00014,012,000
United KingdomUnited Kingdom 5,896,0005,896,000 357,116357,11644 369,267369,267
United StatesUnited States 16,112,56616,112,566 291,557291,557 670,846670,846
YugoslaviaYugoslavia 3,741,0003,741,000 305,000305,000 425,000425,000
1. Civilians only.2. Army and navy figures.3. Figures cover period July
7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945,and concern only Chineseregular troops. They do notinclude casualties sufferedby guerrillas and localmilitary corps.
4. Deaths from all causes.5. Against Soviet Russia;
385,847against Nazi Germany.
6. Against Soviet Russia;169,822against Nazi Germany.
7. National Defense Ctr.,CanadianForces Hq., Director ofHistory.
__________________________Emerged as the Two Superpowers
of the later 20c
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