1

World War II: War inWorld War II: War inthe Pacificthe Pacific

1941-1945

War Leaders

The Two Sides:– ______________________________

• President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (latersucceeded by Harry Truman)

– ______________________________• General Hideki Tojo (the Emperor’s name was

Hirohito)

The War in the Pacific

Japanese navy attacks Pearl Harbor onDecember 7, 1941– Plan was to knock out US Navy so Japan

could take over Asia– Catches US by surprise– Battleships were destroyed– 2400 killed.– US declares war on Japan December 8, 1941

2

The War in the Pacific

Japan takes over Southeast Asia and thePacific– Takes a number of Pacific islands– The US Navy temporarily crippled

• Battleships destroyed, but not aircraft carriers

______ Theater of Operations

The War in the Pacific

U.S. forced to retreat from ____________– US led by General _____________________– “___________________________________”

3

U.S. Surrenders at Corregidor,the Philippines [March, 1942]

_____ Death March: April, 1942

___________ prisoners [12,000 Americans]___________ prisoners [12,000 Americans]Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POWMarched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW

camps in the Philippines.camps in the Philippines.

Bataan: British Soldiers

AALiberatedLiberatedBritishBritishPOWPOW

4

Allied Counter-Offensive:“___________________”

Battle of ______________:June 4-6, 1942

Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle:First U. S. Raids on ________, 1942

5

The War in the Pacific

US in charge of the Pacific after theydefeat Japan at Battle of Midway in 1942

U.S. used “island hopping” strategy Japan running out of supplies News of Japanese defeats were kept from

the public. U.S. takes the ____________ in June, 1944

Gen. MacArthur “Returns” tothe Philippines! [1944]

Japanese _________ Planes:The Scourge of the South Pacific

Kamikaze PilotsKamikaze Pilots

SuicideSuicideBombersBombers

6

The End of the War

Surrender of ____________ in April, 1945allows Allies to focus on Japan– Rest of Allies did not honor agreement to help

US in the Pacific.– Pacific campaign costly for the US– Fierce fighting on islands

• ______________________________• Blockade of Japan• Japanese soldiers would not ______________

US Marines on Mt. Surbachi,Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]

San Francisco, 1945

__________________________________meet to create the United Nations in April– These five would make up the

____________________________________

7

______________ Dies

April 12, 1945: _____dies while posing fora portrait.

_________________becomes President

_____________ Conference:July, 1945

ψψ FDR dead, Churchill out of office as PrimeFDR dead, Churchill out of office as PrimeMinister during conference.Minister during conference.

ψψ _______ only original._______ only original.ψψ The United StatesThe United States

has the A-bomb.has the A-bomb.ψψ Allies agree ________Allies agree ________

is to be divided intois to be divided intooccupation zonesoccupation zones

ψψ Issued warning toIssued warning to _____ to surrender_____ to surrender P.M. Clement President JosephP.M. Clement President Joseph

Atlee Truman Stalin Atlee Truman Stalin

The Manhattan Project:Los Alamos,

NM

Dr.Dr.________________________________________________________

I am becomedeath,

the destroyerof worlds!

Major GeneralMajor GeneralLesley R. GrovesLesley R. Groves

8

Tinian Island, 1945

Little Boy Fat ManLittle Boy Fat Man

____________________________ Crew Crew

Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb

_________ – August 6, 1945

©© ___________ killed___________ killedimmediately.immediately.

©© ________ buildings________ buildingsdestroyed.destroyed.

©© 100,000s died of100,000s died of________________________________________________________________

9

_______ – August 9, 1945

©© __________ killed__________ killedimmediately.immediately.

©© ________ injured.________ injured.©© 100,000s died of100,000s died of

____________________________________________________________

_______ (September 2, 1945)

V-J Day in Times Square, NYC

10

WW IICasualties

CountryCountry Men in warMen in war Battle deathsBattle deaths WoundedWounded

AustraliaAustralia 1,000,0001,000,000 26,97626,976 180,864180,864

AustriaAustria 800,000800,000 280,000280,000 350,117350,117

BelgiumBelgium 625,000625,000 8,4608,460 55,51355,51311

BrazilBrazil22 40,33440,334 943943 4,2224,222

BulgariaBulgaria 339,760339,760 6,6716,671 21,87821,878

CanadaCanada 1,086,3431,086,34377 42,04242,04277 53,14553,145

ChinaChina33 17,250,52117,250,521 1,324,5161,324,516 1,762,0061,762,006

CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia —— 6,6836,68344 8,0178,017

DenmarkDenmark —— 4,3394,339 ——

FinlandFinland 500,000500,000 79,04779,047 50,00050,000

FranceFrance —— 201,568201,568 400,000400,000

GermanyGermany 20,000,00020,000,000 3,250,0003,250,00044 7,250,0007,250,000

GreeceGreece —— 17,02417,024 47,29047,290

HungaryHungary —— 147,435147,435 89,31389,313

IndiaIndia 2,393,8912,393,891 32,12132,121 64,35464,354

ItalyItaly 3,100,0003,100,000 149,496149,49644 66,71666,716

JapanJapan 9,700,0009,700,000 1,270,0001,270,000 140,000140,000

NetherlandsNetherlands 280,000280,000 6,5006,500 2,8602,860

New ZealandNew Zealand 194,000194,000 11,62511,62544 17,00017,000

NorwayNorway 75,00075,000 2,0002,000 ——

PolandPoland —— 664,000664,000 530,000530,000

RomaniaRomania 650,000650,00055 350,000350,00066 ——

South AfricaSouth Africa 410,056410,056 2,4732,473 ——

U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R. —— 6,115,0006,115,00044 14,012,00014,012,000

United KingdomUnited Kingdom 5,896,0005,896,000 357,116357,11644 369,267369,267

United StatesUnited States 16,112,56616,112,566 291,557291,557 670,846670,846

YugoslaviaYugoslavia 3,741,0003,741,000 305,000305,000 425,000425,000

1. Civilians only.2. Army and navy figures.3. Figures cover period July

7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945,and concern only Chineseregular troops. They do notinclude casualties sufferedby guerrillas and localmilitary corps.

4. Deaths from all causes.5. Against Soviet Russia;

385,847against Nazi Germany.

6. Against Soviet Russia;169,822against Nazi Germany.

7. National Defense Ctr.,CanadianForces Hq., Director ofHistory.

__________________________Emerged as the Two Superpowers

of the later 20c