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7/27/2019 unit 1.ppt mis ppt
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/unit-1ppt-mis-ppt 1/22
KIRUBAHARAN.M Asst.Professor,
Department of Management Studies,
Pavendar Bharathidasan College of Engg. & Tech.,
Trichy-24.
Email: m_kirubakaran@sify.com
MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
KIRUBAHARAN.M
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UNIT 1
• What do you mean by IS?
•What do you mean by IT?
KIRUBAHARAN.M
INTRODUCTION
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Information technology and systems have revolutionized firmsand industries, becoming the largest component of capitalinvestment in the U.S. and many industrialized societies.
Investment in information technology accounts for approximately50 percent of all capital invested in the United States.
Information systems are transforming business and the visible
results of this include the increased use of cell phones andwireless telecommunications devices, a massive shift towardonline news and information, booming e-commerce and Internetadvertising, and new federal security and accounting laws thataddress issues raised by the exponential growth of digitalinformation.
The Internet has also drastically reduced the costs of businessesoperating on a global scale.
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These changes have led to the emergence of the digital firm,a firm in which:
Most of the firm's significant business relationships withcustomers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabledand mediated.
Core business processes, or logically related businesstasks, are accomplished through digital networks.
Key corporate assets (intellectual property, corecompetencies, and financial and human assets) are
managed through digital means.
Business responses to changes in their environment areenhanced through digital communications, allowing for time shifting (business being conducted 24x7) and space
shifting (business being conducted globally or beyondtraditional geographic boundaries).
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THE INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN
ORGANIZATIONS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
KIRUBAHARAN.M
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Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve six strategic businessobjectives:
Operational excellence: Efficiency, productivity, and improved changesin business practices and management behavior
New products, services, and business models: A business model describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth. Information systems and technologies createopportunities for products, services, and new ways to engage in business.
Customer and supplier intimacy: Improved communication with andservice to customer’s raises revenues and improved communication withsuppliers lowers costs.
Improved decision making: Without accurate and timely information,business managers must make decisions based on forecasts, bestguesses, and luck, a process that results in over and under-production of
goods, raising costs, and the loss of customers.
Competitive advantage: Implementing effective and efficient informationsystems can allow a company to charge less for superior products, addingup to higher sales and profits than their competitors.
Survival:
:
Information systems can also be a necessity of doing business. A
necessity may be driven by industry-level changes, as in the
implementation of ATMs in the retail banking industry. A necessity
may also be driven by governmental regulations, such as federal or
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS
An information system is a set of interrelated
components working together to collect, process,
store and disseminate information to support
decision making, coordination, control, analysis
and visualization in an organization.
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•Information is data, or raw facts, shaped into useful form for humans
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FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
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Input, processing, and output are the three activities in aninformation system that produce the information anorganization needs.
Input captures or collects raw data from within the organizationor from its external environment.
Processing converts this raw input into a meaningful form.
Output transfers the processed information to the people whowill use it or to the activities for which it will be used.
Information systems also require feedback, which is outputthat is returned to appropriate members of the organization tohelp them evaluate or correct the input stage.
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS ARE MORE THAN COMPUTERS
KIRUBAHARAN.M
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LEVELS IN A FIRM
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Senior management makes long-range strategicdecisions and ensures the firm's financial performance.
Middle management carries out the plans of senior management and operational management monitorsthe firm's daily activities.
Knowledge workers such as engineers and scientistsdesign products and create and distribute newknowledge for the organization.
Data workers such as secretaries process theorganization's paperwork.
Production or service workers produce the products or services.
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BUSINESS PROCESSES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
THE ORDER FULFILLMENT PROCESS
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Business Models
KIRUBAHARAN.M
An abstraction of what and how the enterprise
delivers a product / service, showing how the
enterprise creates wealth.
www.Amazon.com – online book store www.Icicidirect.com - share brokers
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INTERNET BUSINESS MODELS
KIRUBAHARAN.M
VIRTUAL STOREFRONT:
- Sells physical goods / services on-line instead of through aphysical storefront or retail outlet.
- Delivery of non-digital goods and services takes placethrough traditional means.
Eg: www.amazon.com
SYNDICATOR :
- aggregates content or applications from multiple sources
and resells them to other companies.
Eg: www.thinq.com
www.screamingmedia.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
MARKET PLACE CONCENTRATOR:
- Concentrates on information about products and services from multipleproviders at one central point.
- Purchasers can search , compare – shop and sometimes complete thesales transaction.
Eg: www.shopnow.com
www.industrialmall.com
ONLINE EXCHANGE:
- Bid-ask system where multiple buyers can purchase frommultiple sellers.
Eg: www.covisint.com
www.asiacapacityexchange.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
INFORMATION BROKER:
- Provides Product, Pricing and availability information.
- Some facilitate transactions but their main value is the
information they provide.
Eg: www.partnet.com
www.travelocity.com
TRANSACTION BROKER:
- Buyers can view rates and terms, but the primary businessactivity is to complete the transaction.
Eg: www.ETrade.com
www.Ameritrade.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
AUCTION:
- Provides electronic clearing house for products where price
and availability are constantly changing, sometimes in response to
customer actions.
Eg: www.ebay.com
www.bigequip.com
REVERSE AUCTION:
- Consumers submit a bid to multiple sellers to buy goods /
services at a buyer-specified price.
Eg: www.priceline.com
www.import quote.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
AGGREGATOR:
- Group of people who want to purchase a particular product
signup and then seek a volume discount from vendors.
Eg: www.mobshop.com
DIGITAL PRODUCT DELIVERY:
- Sells and delivers software, multimedia and other digital
products over the net.
Eg: www.photodisc.com
www.regards.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
CONTENT PROVIDER:
- Creates revenue by providing content.
- the customers may pay to access the content or revenuemay be generated by selling advertising space or by havingadvertisers pay for placement in an organized listing in asearchable database.
Eg: www.salon.com
www.thestreet.com
ONLINE SERVICE PROVIDER:
- Provides services and support for hardware and software
users.
Eg: www.xdrive.com
www.PCsupport.com
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KIRUBAHARAN.M
VIRTUAL COMMUNITY:
- Provides online meeting place where people with similar
interests can communicate and find useful information.
Eg: www.orkut.com
www.tripod.com
www.fortunecity.com
PORTAL:- Provides initial point of entry to the web along with specialized
content and other services.
Eg: www.yahoo.com
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