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STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Like the soldier who has marched into the battlefield and tired weary and burdened with the ever-changing orders from the generals he must make crucial
1
The Supervision Officer As A Foot Soldier
decisions all alone the community supervision officer ldquofollowsrdquo the orders of management and works tirelessly behind closed doors to promote change in clients characterized as antisocial lacking motivation or in downright denial resistant defensive aggressive and criminal
The EBP Transformation in CorrectionsFacilitating Organizational Change
Guy Bourgon PhD C PsychCog Summit Track 3
Minnesota February 5 2016
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
YOUR MISSION SHOULD YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IThellip
3
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Help transform this
4
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
5
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
The EBP Transformation in CorrectionsFacilitating Organizational Change
Guy Bourgon PhD C PsychCog Summit Track 3
Minnesota February 5 2016
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
YOUR MISSION SHOULD YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IThellip
3
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Help transform this
4
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
5
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
YOUR MISSION SHOULD YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IThellip
3
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Help transform this
4
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
5
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Help transform this
4
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
5
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
5
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Into thishellip
6
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
And thishellip
7
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
IS IT REALLY ldquoMISSION IMPOSSIBLErdquo
8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
OK So Bring EBP to
Corrections
Lets do it right
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
First - Let us acknowledgehellip Traditional training approach inadequate
bull Typical training ne long-term changeEg MI Greenlight Prop 31 UK etc EBP more complex than risk assessment etc ldquoClinicalrdquo skills are ldquomessyrdquo
Threats to fidelity significant amp realbull Organization barriers
Climate culture values policies and proceduresbull Resistance
At all levels for changebull Implementation planning adjustments changeshellip
10
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation LessonsGoing beyond the ldquoContentrdquohellip
Training StrategiesContinuous Education = Better ResultsSTICS=Training + Ongoing Development Activities
Invest in Leaders uarr Leaders = Better Results
ndash Examine skill differences in leadersndash Examine influence of leaderrsquos skills on staff
Organizational Context uarr Readiness to Change = Better ResultsVision of Community Supervision
11
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Lay of the land Provincial Community Corrections
bull Very large geographical area with 46 millionbull ~ 50 offices plus ldquosatellitesrdquobull ~ 500 probation officers
~ INITIAL 360 supervising moderate amp higher riskbull Clients on primarily on probation but bail and other
community supervision orders Canadian ldquoehrdquo
bull RNR savvy RNR-based policies and practicesbull Case management plus in-house programs
12
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The ldquoPreparationsrdquo
Participated in original STICS studybull ~20 PO had already been trained
Some using it for ~ 3 years to varying degree Investment substantial prior to starting
bull Budget allocation for long-termAllowed hiring staff (~35 coaches) Leadership partnerships and dedicationPlanning and preparing organizational change
Starts at the topbull ldquoTop Dogrdquo all inhellip
13
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Change Willingness to examine all business
bull Examine in-congruencies in policies practices Partnerships critical
bull Leverage expertise but work together Quality (not speed) drives process
bull Research and evaluation emphasisbull Quality lens for operational decisions
Development of internal capacity a MUSTbull Staff are the most important resourcebull `New and evolving ``job descriptions`` bull Place value in individuals continuous learning
14
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Local (Office) Change
Managerial support bull Quality assurance changesbull The small things to demonstrate value
New `supervisor` in play (ie the coach)bull Coach role responsibilities and reportingbull Relationships with managerbull Relationship with staff
Enhancing internal capacitybull Flexibility of workload to assist officersbull Supporting coach`s professional development
15
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Officer Change Recognize that it takes time
bull Skill development requires constant learningbull Some skills improve quicker than others
Must create ldquolearning environmentsrdquobull Organizationally and locallybull Place value in individuals continuous learning
Structures and `trainers` needed at many levelsbull Various `learning structures` in STICSbull Various levels of `trainers`
CONTINUAL PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
16
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
The Guiding Principleshellip
Change at all levels of organization is requiredbull It wonrsquot be easy on anyone
Systematic efforts needed to build capacitybull Various levels of expertise required for success
Change takes timebull For officers managers senior leaders and culture
Effective ldquotrainersrdquo requirebull 1st STICS skills and experiencebull 2nd Teachingfacilitation skills
17
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Creating Learning Environments
Officers Professional Developmentbull Initial Training (handle 20-30 participates per)bull Monthly Meetings (~ 2-3 hours a month)bull Refreshers (every 6-8 monthshellipthen annually)bull Feedback ndash Formal and Informal
Coach Professional Developmentbull Nuts amp Boltsbull Clinical Developmentbull Workshopsbull Learning Plans
18
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Learning Structures
Resources (eventually over time)bull Training Manualbull Monthly Meeting Manualsbull Coaches Manualbull Manager Manualbull Training Videosbull Network site (officer coach coordinator)bull Refresher Manualbull Human (trainers coordinators coaches peers committees etc)
Feedback teamCommunities of Practice (new training once done)
19
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 20
STICSProfessional Development
Start 1 month 8 months 12 months 18 months
STICS Training PO Development and Skill Maintenance
Attend Initial Training
bull Research Audiotaping 6 clients 3 sessions per clientbull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (2 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Course(s) (2 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision 21
After 18 monthsAnnual Professional Development
Annually Thereafter
PO Development and Skill Maintenance
bull Formal Written Feedback on sessions (1 minimumyear)bull Formal Feedback (oralwritten) from Coach (1 minimumyear)bull Informal assistanceguidance from CoachPeers
bull Attend Monthly Meetings (8 minimumyear)
bull Refresher Workshop (1 minimumyear)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Organizational Challengehellip
Create amp Resource ldquoStructuresrdquobull HR plans workloads logistics etc
Build Capacitybull Everything new so NO existing ldquoexpertiserdquobull Coaches Trainers new and in future bull Capacity to ldquotrainrdquo newly hired staff
Implementation Integritybull How to monitorevaluate system uptakebull Quality assurancebull ldquoConflictsrdquo (ie policy procedure staff)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityPrior to Training Plan Train office not individuals
bull Creating new environment (all start together) Coach trained ~ 6 months prior to office
bull Allow time to gain experience STICS Coach ldquobuddiedrdquo up with another coach
bull Allow time to gain experience coaching activities Establish procedures (baseline and future)
bull Most challenging recording sessions
23
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityInitial Training amp First 6 Months Coach participate with office (2nd time)
bull Further exposure plus (modelingleading experience)bull Backup coach identified
Monthly Meetingsbull Coordinator ldquochairsrdquo early monthly meetingsbull Buddy coach (additional support and debrief)
More resources to address initial resistance Coaching Development
bull Debrief Formal Feedback with colleaguesbull Advanced STICS skill development workshopsbull Generic coaching skills training
24
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp Integrity6 ndash 18 months Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
25
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Structures Capacity amp IntegrityAnd beyondhellip Coach gradually takes additional responsibilities
bull Coordinator joins Monthly Meeting less frequentlybull Informal Feedback can be provided to peers
Administrative work increasesbull Monitoringcoordinating professional development and
research activitiesbull Learning plans with peers
Continue Coaching Developmentbull Advanced STICS skill developmentbull Learning plan developed with coordinatorsbull Other eg trainer helper feedback MM creation etc
26
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 1
Continuous Development Learning Takes Time
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Non-Criminogenic Needs
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 05 (p=33) with time since initial training
28
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss NonCrim Needs | |||
Baseline | 72 | ||
1-4 mths | 319 | ||
4-9 mths | 332 | ||
10-12 mths | 336 | ||
1 yr + | 369 |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeDiscussing Criminogenic Needs
30
35
40
45
50
55
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f a se
ssio
n
r = 10 (p=06) with time since initial training
29
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Discuss Crim Needs | |||
Baseline | 403 | ||
1-4 mths | 424 | ||
4-9 mths | 486 | ||
10-12 mths | 504 | ||
1 yr + | 519 |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeUse of Cognitive Interventions Skills( of sessions cognitive interventions used)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
o
f Ses
sions
r = 10 (p = 06) with time since initial training
30
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 24 | ||
1-4 mths | 151 | ||
4-9 mths | 298 | ||
10-12 mths | 382 | ||
1 yr + | 351 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Changes Over TimeQuality of Cognitive Skills
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
Baseline 1-4 mths 4-9 mths 10-12 mths 1 yr +
r = 21 (plt01) with time since initial training
31
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Baseline | |
1-4 mths | |
4-9 mths | |
10-12 mths | |
1 yr + |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
Cognitive Strategies | |||
Baseline | 0024 | ||
1-4 mths | 0377 | ||
4-9 mths | 0869 | ||
10-12 mths | 202 | ||
1 yr + | 2392 | ||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 2
Invest in Leaders
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
ldquoExpertiserdquo is the critical
Levels of ldquoExpertiserdquo in STICS implementation
33
Experts
Coordinators
Coaches
Probation Officers
Expe
rtis
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Discussion ContentOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Crim Needs NonCrim Needs
Officer Coach Coordinator
34
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Crim Needs | Crim Needs | Crim Needs | |||
NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs | NonCrim Needs |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Crim Needs | 473 | 537 | 566 | ||||
NonCrim Needs | 342 | 354 | 212 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
SkillsOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Structuring Relationships Beh Tech Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
35
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring | Structuring | Structuring | |||
Relationships | Relationships | Relationships | |||
Beh Tech | Beh Tech | Beh Tech | |||
Cog Tech | Cog Tech | Cog Tech |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Structuring | 124 | 147 | 178 | ||||
Relationships | 126 | 131 | 125 | ||||
Beh Tech | 87 | 101 | 942 | ||||
Cog Tech | 121 | 256 | 458 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Cognitive TechniquesOfficer ndash Coach - Coordinator
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Any Cog Tech
Officer Coach Coordinator
36
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech | Any Cog Tech |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Officer | Coach | Coordinator | |||||
Any Cog Tech | 261 | 492 | 667 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Do Skilled Coaches Lead to Stronger Officer Skills
Key Coach Skills
Relationship amp Cognitive Techniques(as demonstrated in sessions with clients)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
0
025
05
075
1
125
15
175
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
38
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 0971 | 1521 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 0736 | 1423 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Relationship Skills Scores
115
1175
12
1225
125
1275
13
Coach Cognitive Skills Coach Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Mea
ns
Low High
39
Coach Skills Low-High median split
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Coach Cognitive Skills | Coach Cognitive Skills | ||
Coach Relationship Skills | Coach Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
Low | High | ||||
Coach Cognitive Skills | 1239 | 129 | |||
Coach Relationship Skills | 1207 | 1285 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Impact of Coach SkillsStaff Cognitive Skills Scores
-05
-025
0
025
Cognitive Skills Relationship Skills
Adju
sted
Z S
core
s
Poor Coach Skills Average Coach Skills Strong Coach Skills
40
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | Cognitive Skills | |||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
Poor Coach Skills | Average Coach Skills | Strong Coach Skills | |||||
Cognitive Skills | -0191 | -0036 | 0175 | ||||
Relationship Skills | -0241 | 0005 | 0156 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Implementation Lesson 3
Organizational Change
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
THE VISIONhellip
COMMUNITY SUPERVISIONrsquoS IDENTITY CRISIShellip
42
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
This
43
Orhellip
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Is Vision Important 8 Offices Ranked low to high on ldquoShared VisionrdquoMean Cognitive Skills Scores of staff
0
05
1
15
2
A B C D E F G HOffices
Ranked low to high on shared vision
Adj
uste
d M
ean
Scor
e
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
350 Officers and 4 years later
Preliminary Results on BCrsquos Implementation
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Collection and Coding Efforts to datehellip
Total Pre-STICS Post-STICS recordings collected by BC 4355 954 3401
Data Efforts to Date by PSC
recordings coded to date 572 94 478
probation officers coded to date 225 90 204
clients coded to date 488 93 395
Time per Session (minutes seconds) 2534 2024 2636
46
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Session Characteristics
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICS Significant increases on session characteristics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Therapeutic vsAssessment
Teaching vsAdviceOrders
Reinforce vs Punish Internal Causes vsExternal Causes
Quali
ty Sco
re (Ra
nge 1
-7)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
48
Session characteristics reflect improved qualities of POs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Therapeutic vs Assessment | Therapeutic vs Assessment | ||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | Teaching vs AdviceOrders | ||
Reinforce vs Punish | Reinforce vs Punish | ||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | Internal Causes vs External Causes |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Therapeutic vs Assessment | 511 | 602 | |||
Teaching vs AdviceOrders | 477 | 6 | |||
Reinforce vs Punish | 568 | 598 | |||
Internal Causes vs External Causes | 506 | 56 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Discussion Content
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant changes in officer-client criminogenic and non-criminogenic need discussions
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Criminogenic Needs Non-Criminogenic Needs Conditions
of 5
min
segm
ents
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
50
More targeted criminogenic need discussions (more criminogenic less non-criminogenic)
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Criminogenic Needs | Criminogenic Needs | ||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | Non-Criminogenic Needs | ||
Conditions | Conditions |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Criminogenic Needs | 395 | 491 | |||
Non-Criminogenic Needs | 736 | 367 | |||
Conditions | 239 | 179 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Improving What Goes on Behind Closed Doors
Skills and Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increases on quality of PO skills
-08
-06
-04
-02
0
02
Structuring Skills Relationship Skills Behavioral Techniques Cognitive Techniques
Stan
dard
Scor
es (i
e M
= 0 a
nd SD
= 1)
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
52
Enhanced PO skills and techniques after STICS
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Structuring Skills | Structuring Skills | ||
Relationship Skills | Relationship Skills | ||
Behavioral Techniques | Behavioral Techniques | ||
Cognitive Techniques | Cognitive Techniques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
Pre-STICS | Post-STICS | ||||
Structuring Skills | -0621 | 0126 | |||
Relationship Skills | -0521 | 0105 | |||
Behavioral Techniques | -0331 | 0067 | |||
Cognitive Techniques | -0441 | 0089 | |||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Targeting Procriminal Attitudes
The Frequency of Using Cognitive Techniques
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Pre and Post STICSSignificant increase on frequency of cognitive intervention techniques
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Use of Cognitive Techiques
o
f Ses
sions
Pre-STICS Post-STICS
54
More work on attitudes and thinking
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques | Use of Cognitive Techiques |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
Pre-STICS | Column1 | Post-STICS | ||||
Use of Cognitive Techiques | 22 | 39 | ||||
To resize chart data range drag lower right corner of range |
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
To Date Considerable amount of data collected
bull 4000+ recordings and assessments case plans etcbull Study is the largest of its kind in Canada
Data Shows Skill development is occurring
bull Sessions about 6 minutes longer than previouslybull Supervision reflects more ldquochange agentrdquo work bull Enhanced probation officer skillsbull More discussion on criminogenic needsbull Procriminal attitudes targeted more often
55
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Its not an impossible missionhellip The organization has new ldquoclientsrdquo ndash they are the
officers managers and senior managers ndash who are helping to change the way everyone thinks and behave
The skills that are being trained for offender work are exactly the ones that will be useful to facilitate organizational change
Each of us are responsible to ourselves and must ask what is the environment each of us createshellip
Create one that facilitates and supports change 56
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
STICS ImplementationThe Road To Success
Enhancing LearningTraining ActivitiesValuing Continuous Professional Development
ndash Initial Training Ongoing Development amp Collaboration
Invest in StaffOfficers Coaches Coordinators amp Managers
Evolving Organization Solidifying jurisdictionrsquos vision to RNR supervision
57
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Further Information
Available on the Public Safety Canada Website
wwwpublicsafetygcca
ContactGuyBourgonpsgcca
340 Laurier Ave WestOttawa ON Canada
K1A 0P8
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Selected References Bourgon G (i2013) The Demands on Probation Officers in the Evolution of Evidence-Based
Practice The Forgotten Foot Soldier of Community Corrections Federal Probation 77 30-35 Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gress C amp Gutierrez L (2013) Taking the leap From pilot
project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS) Justice Research and Policy 15 (1)
Bonta J Bourgon G Rugge T Gutierrez L (2011) An Experimental Demonstration of Training Probation Officers in Evidence-Based Community Criminal Justice and Behavior 38 1127-1148
Bonta J Rugge T Scott T Bourgon G amp Yessine A K (2008) Exploring the black box of community supervision Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 47 248-270
Bourgon G amp Gutierrez L (2012) The General Responsivity Principle in Community Supervision The Importance of Probation Officers Using Cognitive Intervention Techniques and Its Influence on Recidivism The Journal of Crime and JusticeDOI1010800735648X2012674816
Bourgon G Gutierrez L amp Ashton J (2011) The Evolution of Community Supervision Practice The Transformation from Case Manager to Change Agent Irish Probation Journal 8 28-48 Reprinted in Federal Probation September 2012
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) The role of program design implementation and evaluation in evidence-based ldquoreal worldrdquo community corrections Federal Probation 74 2-15
Bourgon G Bonta J Rugge T amp Gutierrez L (2010) Technology Transfer The Importance of On-Going Clinical Supervision in Translating lsquoWhat Worksrsquo to Everyday Community Supervision In Fergus McNeil Peter Raynor amp Chris Trotter (eds) Offender Supervision New Directions in Theory Research and Practice Willan Publishing Devon UK
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
STICS Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision
Although there are many hurdles to quality implementation both at an organizational and an individual level these barriers can be overcome For each individual officer who faces the prospect of change it is a daunting task Organizations and trainers can provide the opportunities and supports but ultimately when the door closes and the officer and client meet face-to-face the officer must decide what he or she will do with the time allotted to their clients Like the lonely foot soldier
60
laden with a heavy burden alone in the trenches officers must draw upon their own resources and decide for themselves whether to march forward or stay where they are The power to choose is theirs
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