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The Respiratory System Chapter 22. Functions. Surface for gas exchange Movement of air Protection of respiratory pathways Sound production Assistance with olfaction. Conduction Zone. Respiration Zone. Respiratory Membrane. Simple squamous epithelia Pneumocytes type 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Respiratory System
Chapter 22
Functions Surface for gas exchange Movement of air Protection of respiratory
pathways Sound production Assistance with olfaction
Conduction Zone
Respiration Zone
Respiratory Membrane Simple squamous epithelia
Pneumocytes type 1 Pneumocytes type 2 (septal) Alveolar macrophages
Respiratory membrane Epithelia Endothelia Shared (fused) basement
mebrane
http://iws.collin.edu/mweis/Images/Histology/2402%20histology/Respiratory%20Histo/labeled%20resp%20histo/resp_phys_alveolus_typecells_histo_labeled.png
Mechanics of Breathing(exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs)
Pulmonary ventalation maintains alveolar ventilation
Atmospheric pressure effects ventilation Boyles Law P=1/V (http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/aboyle.html)
Ventilation causes volume and pressure changes Intrapulmonary pressure Intrapleural pressure
Mechanics of Breathing
Physical Factors Airway resistance Alveolar surface tension Lung Compliance
change in lung volume/change in lung pressure
Gas Exchange Dalton's Law =the partial pressure of a gas is the
pressure contributed to the mixture of gases Henry's Law =the amount of gas in solution is
directly proportional to the partial pressure Partial pressures gradients drive gas exchange Amount of gas in solution depends upon the
solubility
Gas Transport Red blood cells are sacs of hemoglobin bound O2 CO2 uses 3 methods
Conversion to carbonic acid (HCO3-) =70% Bound to hemoglobin = 23% Dissolved in plasma =7%
Gas Transport
Control of Respiration
Control of Respiration
Control of Respiration
Control of Respiration
Respiratory Adjustments Exercise High Altitude Scuba Diving Hyperbaric Chambers
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