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ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies
SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRIC PLANTSDr. Luis Crespo
President of ESTELA
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
High potential, capacity factor, storage and hybridization featuresand cost reduction projections, make essential the role for STE in the future “Generation Mix” in countries with enough solar resource
Other R.E. technologies might appear cheaper in the short term, but their lower capacity factor and their fluent character have consequences on the system costs, transmission requirementsand fossil back up needs
The essential role of STEin the Electricity Generation Mix
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Continuous support to R&D
Favorable and effective regulatory environment in spite of the recent events
Capacity and commitmentof the industrial companies
Solar Thermal Electricity Plants:
A success story in Spain based in three main pillars:
Almeria Solar Platform (PSA) 1978-2011
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
In Operation (17)Under advanced construction phase (13)
Malaga
Badajoz
SevilleAlmeria
Alicante
Ciudad Real
Granada
Información actualizada: www.protermosolar.com
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
SOLNOVA 1, 3 and 4 & PS 10 and PS 20
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
ANDASOL 1 and ANDASOL 2
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
PUERTO ERRADO 1
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
CASA DEL ANGEL
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
GEMASOLAR, Fuentes de Andalucía
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Breakdown of the Spanish Plants
Total: 2423 MW (In operation by the end of 2013)
94%Parabolic trough
1% Fresnel2% Tower 3% Stirling
~62 %
38 %
Relative to power installed
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Forecast in European countries by 2020 (NAP’s)
Spain 5079 MW
France540 MW
Portugal500 MW
Greece250 MW
Italy 600 MW
Cyprus 75 MW
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Operational plants in the USA
Nevada Solar One 64 MWBoulder City, Nevada
Kimberlina 5 MWBakersfild, California
Sierra Sun Tower 5 MWLancaster, California
SEGS Plants (Total 354 MW)Kramer Junt. / Harper Lake, California
ISCC 75 MW equiv.Martin County Florida
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Prospects for the USA
Increased awareness in Utilities, Policy Makers and Investors
Tax credits have been extended till 2017
Additional support (Stimulus Bill, Treasury Grants - 30% if starting in 2010 - and Loan Guaranties - $6B -, Renewable Portfolio Standard)
Many PPA’s signed (8.000 MW) with the SW Utilities
Some has started the construction already. Delays due to financial issues and to the complex and lengthy permit processes at State and Federal levels
The number of projects on tower and trough concepts are similar
Power levels much higher than in Spain (>200 MW for Parabolic Trough and 100 MW for Towers)
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
150 MW ISCC at Hassi R’Mel
470 MW ISCC at Ain Beni Mathar
146 MW ISCC at Kuraymat
100 MW in Abu Dhabi
First Projects in the MENA Region
Several countries have announced ambitious plans that could be financed under the PSM schemes + concessional WB loans ($750M)
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
3000 km
90 % of the world electricity consumptioncan be supplied from STE plants. The total surface would be 300x300 km2
distributed among 10.000 sites in the desert areas of the earth.Transmission using HVDC lines at 3000 km distance will have losses < 10%
THE MSP & DESERTEC CONCEPT
EU25The little square shows the required area in the Saharadesert to supply all theEuropean electricity needs
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Morocco: 2 000 MW by 2020Algeria: 4 ISCCs similar to Hassi R‘MelTunesia: 225 MW by 2016Libya: 1 000 MW renewables by 2015Egypt: 20% renewables by 2020Sudan: 2 000 MW announcedSyria: CSP under investigationIsrael: 1 000 MW by 2015Jordan: 300-600 MW by 2020Saudi Arabia: CSP under investigationIran: RFP issued for 1st ISCC, 17MW solar shareKuwait: CSP under considerationUAE: 1 000 MW by 2020Oman: 100 MW IPP, bidding start end of 2010Jemen: CSP under consideration
Announced Plans in the MENA Region
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Prospects in other regionsINDIA There is a tremendous need for additional power. Ambitious National
Solar Mission is being planned (1.100 MW by 2013 and 20 GW by 2022)but the breakdown between PV and STE has not been yet established
First 7 companies selected for a 479 MW in the first phase. The plantsrange from 29 to 100 MW each.
CHINA Plans for 300 MW in 2015 with own technology International references might accelerate their plans
AUSTRALIA Aim 25% of solar power by 2050 Clean Energy Initiative / Solar Flagships Program
- 1000 MW solar power- First call for 400 MW (PV + CSP) Promoters shortlisted- Funding through taxable grant payments (30%) + state aids
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
FORECAST BY COUNTRIES 2009-2014
The long and dark
solar thermalelectric
night
SOURCE: “Global Concentrated Solar Power Markets and Strategies: 2010-2025,” IHS Emerging Energy Research, April 2010
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
STE ROADMAPDifferent technologies: different performances and potential
Parabolic dishes wit Stirling motors
Parabolic Trough
Fresnel linear reflectors
Central Receiver SystemsWorking fluids:- Temperature- Efficiency- Storage
System designs:- Thermodynamic
Cycles- Cooling Types- Hybridization- Land requirements
LCOE
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
COST REDUCTION IS THE MAIN ISSUE
Fuente ESTELA / ATKearney
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Who has supported STE deployment in Spain until now?
Estimated amount of FIT for STEin Spain in the year 2013: 1600 M€
In 2020 the yearly amount of FITwould be close to 4000 M€
EIB has provided 547 M€ of loans on commercial bases - along with other banks -to several STE plants in Spain corresponding to a total investment of around 6000 M€
The E.U is supporting R&D in STE at an average of around 1 M€ per year while the STE budget of the Spanish Research Centers is around 8 M€ per year.
Private companies are doing an additional important efforts in order to increase efficiency and reducing costs
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Employment(Reference: 50 MW STE plant with 7 hours of storage)
Among all RE technologies STE has the greatest positive impact on employment
CIEMAT Study:I/O Methodology: 300 M€ investment + STE Breakdown activities result in a labor force of 5000 direct jobs, 1 year equivalent
PROTERMOSOLAR internal survey:Close to 3000 direct jobs 1 year equivalent per plant have been identifiedthrough a direct enquiry with several Spanish promoters. Nevertheless the complete added value chain was not fully covered
The national local added value increased from 45% in 2008 to 75% in 2010in the recent deployment of STE plants in Spain
The Assessment to the World Bank on the local manufacturing potentialfor the MENA region - carried out by E&Y and Fraunhofer ISI - shows very high potential and benefits of STE deployment on the regional economic development
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
Life CycleEnvironmental Impacts of STE Plants(Reference 50 MW STE plant with 7 hours of storage)
Raw materials consumption:10000 t of concrete, 15000 t of steel, 6000 t of glass and 250 t of copper
Methodology life cycle assessment (LCA), according to ISO 14040-43.The energy which is required construct, operate, and dismantle a STE power plant correspond to an energy payback time of around 12 months
Reference: CIEMAT
Water Consumption- Equivalent to a conventional Thermal Power Plant
(500.000 m3/year – aprox. 2,7 l/kWh - for a 50 MW plant)- Dry cooling is possible although the efficiency will be slightly less
Emissions:GHG avoided emissions are estimated in 150000 t/year as comparedto a coal plant
ITRE Workshop: The Assessment of potential and promotion of new generation of renewable technologies, March 2011
SinergyIndustry - R&D
Regional development
CompetiveDispatchable
High Potential
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