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Talk Like TedCarmine Gallo
2014
A statement
The following is a reference summary, by Minerva, of the original work written and researched by Carmine Gallo
No attempt is made to infringe copyright by claiming any credit for this summary
Title: Talk like TedPublished by: Pan MacMillanFirst published: 2014
Aristotle – one of the founding fathers of communication theoryA good communication needs to comprise: Ethos Credibility Logos Logic, data, statistics Pathos Appealing to emotions
The very best TED talks (voted the most persuasive and watchedby millions) when analysed perform as below: Ethos 10% Logos 25% Pathos 65%
text
Passion is intensely meaningful and core to one’s identity
What do you do?What are you passionate about?
What makes your heart sing?
Larry Smith Why you failed to have a great career – TED
Ricard The Habits of Happiness – TEDTony Hsieh (Zappos Shoes) Employee Engagement - TED
The best way to communicate is to check the quality of your motivation (selfish v altruistic?)
Passion
Melissa Cardon (27) – Pace University – ‘The nature and experience of entrepreneurial passion’
Passion leads to important behaviours and outcomes More creative Set higher goals Exhibit greater persistence Record better company performance
Charisma and persuasion
Friedman studied charisma in ‘The longevity project’. Found passion does rub off on people. Passion is contagious
Hasson – Princeton University – studies into how the brain processes information
Brains more active when we hear stories Stories use the whole brain – language, sensory, visual, motor They trigger brain-to-brain coupling
A person cannot persuade through logic alone –without emotion impact is lost
Emotional dimension
Genuine body language and verbal delivery Have a conversation Can’t inspire others unless we are inspired ourselves 200 hours practice for all the best TED talks Brands/Individuals who tell stories connect with
customers/audiences in a deeper meaningful way Identify your unique and meaningful connection to your
presentation topic – science has proved passion is contagious Narrative is most powerful way to break down resistance Master the art of storytelling Break down the wall with stories Touch the Head and the Heart
Stories
There are 3 types of story: Personal Stories about other people Stories about brand success (those that have leveraged the business
strategy being discussed)
A story is similar to taking people on a field trip – helping them experience content at a more profound levelAvoid using over-used words and/or metaphor’s
Story shapes
Man in a hole Boy gets girl Bad, get’s ok, then some bad fortune then gets great (most
popular)
Give the audience a character to root for
Start End
Good Fortune
Ill Fortune
Gestures are necessary
Dr David McNeil, researcher at the University of Chicago, and a foremost authority in the area of hand gestures has empirical evidence that gestures, thinking and language are connected. Use gestures Use gestures sparingly (keep it natural) Use gestures at key moments Keep gestures within the power sphere (top of eyes, to tips of
outstretched hands, down to belly button and back up to eyes again) Gestures give the audience confidence in the speaker Hands below the navel lack energy and confidence
General posture
Back straight Head high Solid eye contact Wear solid colours that pop out from a dark background Adapt an ‘eager non-verbal’ style
Very animated Broad open movements Hand movements openly projected outward Forward-leaning body positions
Make it a success
Have a Conversation. Practice:Rate SpeedVolume LoudnessPitch High/Low inflectorsPause Pauses to punch key words
Best TED Talks:Speed 190 words per minute3,400 words18 minutes max
Walk, Talk, Look like a Leader
Novel dimension
Novelty is the most effective way to capture the attention Human brain loves novelty Engage audience with new information or a unique approach Use genuine humour – be authentic (laughter lowers blood
pressure, improves breathing, strengthens the immune system and increases energy in general)
Deliver ‘jaw dropping’ moments – Wow! Bill Gates opening a jar of mosquitoes Dr Jill bringing out a real brain Great facts – such as one in a hundred people are psychopaths – so
there is 1,500 people in this room, 15 of you are psychopaths
Use Dopamine
Learning something new activates the same reward areas of the brain as do drugs and gambling – all relates to a little chemical in the brain called Dopamine
A new relationship can trigger it, so can playing a video game and it is also released when people learn something new and exciting (Martha Burns)
Dopamine is released by making information new and exciting and it is addictive – find fresh ways of looking at old problems
A lazy piece of meat
According to neuroscientist Gregory Burns this is the brain To force the brain to see things differently you must find new
and novel ways to help the brain perceive information differently
Some of the most viewed topics on TED – each promises something new: Schools kill creativity (Sir Ken Robinson) How great leaders inspire action (Simon Sinek) Your elusive creative genius (Elizabeth Gilbert) The Power of introverts (Susan Cain) How to live before you die (Steve Jobs)
All have less than 140 characters!
Memorable dimension
Create vivid multi-sensory experiences Stay in your own lane (don’t try to be someone or something
you are not) 18 minutes is the ideal length of time for a presentation. If
you must create one that is longer, build in soft breaks (stories, video’s, demonstrations) every 10 minutes
Researchers have discovered that ‘cognitive backlog’, too much informationprevents the successful transmission of ideas
Listening is hard work
Dr Paul King – Texas Christian University researched into ‘state anxiety in listening performance’. Listening is an exhausting activity.
5 minutes produces a relatively small amount of cognitive back-log, 18 minutes a little more; however 60 minutes produces so much back-log that you risk seriously upsetting the audience unless the presentation is very engaging with many soft breaks
The longer the presentation the more the listener has to organise, listen and comprehend – the burden increases along with the listeners anxiety
The brain is an energy hog
A long confusing presentation forces the listener’s brain to work hard and to consume energy
The brain cells require twice as much energy as other cells in the body
Mental activity rapidly depletes glucose The 18 minute presentation leaves the listener with some
brainpower and glucose to think about the presentation, share ideas and act on them
Paint pictures
Paint pictures with words Use one line sentences not complex bullet points Pictures are superior If you hear information you will remember 10% three days
later, add a picture and recall will rise to 65% A picture helps you remember 6 times more information than
listening to the words alone Our brains are wired to process visual information – pictures
– very differently to text and sound. Scientists call the effect ‘multimodal’ learning; pictures are processed in several channels instead of one giving the brain a far deeper and meaningful encoding experience (see Bono - Ted 2013 for a great example)
The rule of three
People can remember three things very well – add more items and retention falls off considerably
This is one of the most powerful concepts in writing and communication
It pervades everyday life: The three little pigs The three musketeers Three primary colours Three secondary colours Three medals in the Olympics Three wise men, three gifts
Break your presentation into a three story structure
It is a three-step process
Create a twitter headline (not more than 140 characters) Support the headline with three key messages Reinforce the three messages with stories, statistics and
examples
Message Map Template (©Carmine Gallo)
Your Headline
Key point 1 Key point 2 Key point 3
Supporting points 123
Supporting points 123
Supporting points 123
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