View
222
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Sustainable MIS Infrastructure. BSAD 141 Dave Novak BDIS: 5.1 and 5.2. Lecture Overview. MIS Infrastructure Supporting operations Backup plan Disaster recovery plan Business continuity plan Agile MIS Infrastructure EWaste Sustainable IT Infrastructure. MIS Infrastructure . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Sustainable MIS Infrastructure
BSAD 141Dave Novak
BDIS: 5.1 and 5.2
Lecture Overview MIS Infrastructure Supporting operations
Backup planDisaster recovery planBusiness continuity plan
Agile MIS Infrastructure EWaste Sustainable IT Infrastructure
MIS Infrastructure What is it? Plans for how a firm will build,
deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and MIS assets Hardware Software Network Client devices & server devices
What is the difference between a client and a server?
MIS Infrastructure Data center – A facility used to house
management information systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems
Cisco projections for data center / cloud traffic to triple over next 3-4 years
http://www.zdnet.com/cisco-projects-data-center-cloud-traffic-to-triple-by-2017-7000021985/
Data Centers Why would this matter to you?
1) This is the reality of modern IT / IS operations
2) HUGE $$$
3) HUGE implications with respect to your organization’s information / data needs and uses
Data Centers Design and facilities
Power, energy efficiency cooling, site selection, cable infrastructure
Infrastructure Legacy hardware, OS integration, rack –vs- blade,
virtualization, storage and capacity –vs- performance
Operations and best practices Staffing, disaster recovery, capacity planning
Data Center TourGoogle Data Center
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9AiN7oJaIMISWest Green technology Data Center Tour
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlDWMg49z_UA not-so-impressive Data Center
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBUYIv1DTYI• Notice the:
• Cabling – rat’s nest, clothes line, rainbow of colors• Removed floor panels with fans resting on them• Tripping hazards• ‘sticky notes’ on servers
Sustainable Data Centers In addition to cost and performance
considerations, may focus on:Reducing carbon emissions
Reducing required floor space
Choosing a very specific geographic location based on more than just cost minimization strategies
Data Center –vs- Cloud
Data centers – enterprise IT, organization specific IT resources / assets
Public cloud providers (Amazon, Facebook, Google) – provide IT-related resources and services to anyone for a fee
Cloud Computing Refers to the use of resources and
applications hosted remotely on the Internet
Cloud Computing Why would an organization choose this
option?Lack of technical expertiseCost savings (capital costs and
maintenance)FlexibilityScalability
Cloud Computing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RS6w5KYlHko&feature=youtu.be
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ae_DKNwK_msThis sounds great! Why would your
organization build and maintain their own enterprise IT?
Maintaining an enterprise IT system allows the organization complete control – cloud computing does not
Data Center –vs- Cloud All storage, security, and service
solutions are not equal….Cloud providers tend to rely on
inexpensive, older (not cutting edge) hardware solutions
No tier 1 storage vendors in the public cloud (these are largest, most well-known vendors in the field)
Data Center –vs- Cloud Cloud providers tend to rely on Direct
Attached Storage (DAS) as opposed to Storage Area Networks (SAN) and do not use Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks (RAID)DAS is inexpensive and simple
“Best practices” for fault tolerance and performance utilize some level of RAID – cloud providers tend to replicate complete data to multiple locations
Data Center –vs- Cloud Cloud providers tend to rely less on
virtualization Virtualization solutions tend to be open
source as opposed to commercial
Cloud data centers focus on cost minimization and tend to locate where resources are least expensive
Supporting Operations 1) Backup plan
Strategy for copying and archiving data 2) Disaster recovery/business continuity plan
Describes how the organization will deal with any potential disaster• Minimize impact • Prevention• Maximize ability to resume mission critical
functions
1) Backup and Recovery
Full Backup – An exact copy of a system’s information
Differential Backup – Copies only subset of files or parts of files that have changed since last full backup
Incremental Backup – Copies all files or parts of files that have changed since previous backup of any type
1) Backup and RecoveryType Pros Cons
Full Backup • Restoration is fastest – need only one set of backup data
• Backup process is slowest
• High storage requirements
Differential Backup
• Backup process is faster than full
• Restoration is faster than incremental
• Storage requirements less than full
• Restoration is slower than full
• Backup process is slower than incremental
Incremental Backup
• Fastest backup process• Least storage space
needed
• Restoration is slowest and requires several sets of data
Source: http://www.backup.info/difference-between-full-differential-and-incremental-backup
2) Disaster Recovery Plan
A detailed process for recovering information or an IT system in the event of natural or man-made disasters
Disaster recovery cost curve - Charts (1) the cost to the organization of the unavailability of information and technology and (2) the cost to the organization of recovering from a disaster over time
2) Disaster Recovery Curve
2) Disaster Recovery Plan Hot site - A separate and fully equipped
facility where the company can move immediately after a disaster and resume business
Cold site - A separate facility that does not have any computer equipment, but is a place where employees can move after a disaster
Agile MIS Infrastructure Characteristics of an agile (clever,
coordinated) MIS infrastructure1) Accessibility2) Availability3) Maintainability4) Portability5) Reliability6) Scalability7) Usability
1) Accessibility
Refers to the ease of accomplishing objectives: defines different “levels” or categories of user in terms of what each user can access, view, or create/delete when using a system
Administrator access – Unrestricted access to the entire system
2) Availability
Availability – Refers to the time when the system is operational or ready for useUnavailable – Time frames when a
system is not operating and cannot be used
High availability – System is continuously operational at all times
3) Maintainability
Refers to how quickly, or the ease a system can transform to support changes as well as the time/effort to repair or upgradeOrganizations must watch today’s business,
as well as tomorrow’s, when designing and building systems
Systems must be flexible enough to meet all types of business changes
4) Portability Refers to the ability of an application to operate
on different devices or software platforms: how quickly/easily an application be moved from one environment to another
5) Reliability Refers to the proportion of time a system is
functioning correctly and the accuracy of the information being providedReliability is another term for accuracy when
discussing the correctness of systems within the context of efficiency IT metrics
6) Scalability
Refers to how well a system can adapt to the increased demands of growthPerformance - Measures how quickly a
system performs a process or transaction
Capacity planning - Determines future environmental infrastructure requirements to ensure high-quality system performance
7) Usability
Refers to the degree to which a system is easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to useHow would you measure this?
E-Waste Discarded, obsolete, or broken
electronic devicesCDs, DVDs, thumb drives, printer
cartridges, cell phones, TVs, DVD players, etc…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_ZqSige34c
E-Waste Americans discard 30 Million computers
each year Europeans discards 100 Million phones
each year Only 15-20% of all E-waste is recycled E-Waste is 2% of the physical waste
produced in the USThis 2% is the source of 50-70% of the
toxins released from our waste streamSource: Green IT, Velte, Velte and Elsenpeter. Mcgraw Hill. 2008
Why is E-waste different from other waste streams? Anticipated increase, decrease or leveling off of
this material? Lifespan of Electronics compared to other
appliances? Up-cycling parts or components?
Ease of assembly and modularization of parts? Same materials?
Sustainable IT Infrastructure What does this even mean? Pursuing goals such as:
Improving “efficiency” Reduce green house gas emissionsReduce electricity usage Reduce e-wasteEducate the public and users
Sustainable IT Infrastructure The book focuses on “technological”
solutions, but in reality usage policies are the most cost effective approaches to sustainabilityEnergy star purchasesExchanges for outdated equipmentTurning off monitors – putting computers in
sleep modeUsing smart power strips
Sustainable IT Infrastructure The components of a sustainable MIS
infrastructure can includeGrid computingCloud computingVirtualized computing
Grid Computing
A collection of computers, often geographically dispersed, that are coordinated to solve a common problem
Applying resources from many computers to share processing power, memory, and data storage
Virtualization Creating a software-based representation
of something (rather than the actual thing)Making one resource appear as many (one
physical file server appear as multiple file servers) or making many resources appear as one
Mimicking the behavior of another system using simulation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9AiN7oJaIM
Virtualization
For example, a virtual OS is the concept of having more than one OS (more than the native OS) on a single computer
• Parallels • VMWare• VirtualBox• Virtual Win
Windows OS can be run in a virtual environment on a MAC
Linux on a PC
Virtualization Virtualization technology fundamentally strives
for the same thing regardless of vendor.. Reducing the technological footprint by enabling more virtual machines (VM’s) to run on a single hardware device.
P to V process
Traditional Standalone Server. May be Intel or RISC
Virtualized server architecture
Hardware
Virtualized World Physical World
Virtualization
Traditional x86 Architecture• Single OS image per machine• Software and hardware tightly
coupled • Multiple applications often conflict• Underutilized resources
Virtualization: • Separation of OS and hardware• OS and application contained in
single file• Applications are isolated from one
another• Hardware independence & flexibility
Driving Reasons for Virtual Infrastructure Economic Environmental
Less power consumedLess toxic electronic devices
System Portability Enhanced Management
Summary MIS Infrastructure Supporting operations components Agile MIS Infrastructure components EWaste Sustainable IT Infrastructure components
Recommended