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South Asia Conference on Sanitation ( SACOSAN-IV)
Ichharam Dulal
Chief Engineer
Royal Government of Bhutan
Ministry of Health/MoWHS
OUTLINE
• COUNTRY BACK GROUND• INSTITUTIONAL SET UP• On-GOING PROGRAMME• KEY ACHIEVEMENTS IN SANITATION • CHALLENGE • RECOMMENDATION• CONCLUSION
“Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National Product”
emphasis on balanced and holistic development approach towards achievement of material and non-material such as spiritual, emotional and cultural) needs of individual and society
Key facts & figures
• Capital Thimphu• Language Dzongkha
(official)• Major religion Buddhism• Agriculture 79%
rural• Revenue earning
hydropower• Life expectancy 66.1 years• Infant immunization 90 %• Literacy rate 59.5%
Ministry of Health
Department of Public Health
Public Health Engineering Division
(design sanitation promotion / hygiene
education strategies and implementation)
Basic Health Units
V i l l a g e s a n d H o u s e h o l d s
District H
ealth Sector
Institutional Arrangements
Ministry of Works & Human Settlement
Department of Urban Development and Engineering Services(design sanitation facilities & promotional materials /
hygiene education strategies and implementation)
District Engineering Cells
Municipal Corporations
Urban Residents
Institutional Set Up of Urban Sanitation Programme
On-going Programs
• Rural Water Supply and Sanitation (MoH)• Urban Water and Sanitation (MoWHS)• Comprehensive School Health ( MoE)
– Formulate school health policy– Training teachers, – Health promotional activities,– provides physical facilities
• Religion and Health project ( MoHCA & MoH)
Key Achievements-post sacosan III • Sanitation guideline has been developed• Pilot Ecosan has been completed
- in four blocks
- covered both rural communities as well as schools.
- constructed 80 units of ecosan toilet during pilot phase
Key Achievements-contd• Rural Sanitation and Hygiene
Programme (RSHP )- pilot project taken up in four district
• Improved latrine initiated in schools.
• Capacity building for construction of school latrines is in progress/ completed.
• RSHP project activities indicating progress status during pilot phase (detail in next slide)
Activity Status
1 Piloting of baseline study in four pilot blocks – 2 in east, 1 in west and 1 in central region
Completed
2 Fieldwork in pilot blocks to develop attractive, affordable and durable toilet designs for typical household settings
completed
3 Fieldwork in pilot blocks to test and develop community-led approaches for sanitation and hygiene behaviour change
completed
4 Initiated drafting of National Sanitation Policy, Guidelines and Legislation
Ongoing
5 Technical evaluation shall be carried out very soon Yet toBegin
6 Scaling up activities shall be carried out after the evaluation do
Rural Sanitation & Hygiene Programme (collaboration with SNV)
Key Achievements-contd
• Trained 32 district masons in construction of school latrines in 2009-2010 FY
• Trained 47 district masons in 2010-2011 FY
• Piloting of Water Safety Management Plan (WSP) in three districts completed in 2010
• Up scaling of WSP in 6 districts in progress (started on March 7, 2011)
• Hand book on Toilet technologies for Rural household in Bhutan (near Complete)
Road map from sacosan III• Country commitment Satisfactory
Promoted RSHP programmeContinuation of CDH workshopPromote sanitation technology choice optionsPiloted ecosan successfully in 4 distericts
• Enabling policies SatisfactoryRe-formulation of RWSS sector policy
• Monitoring & sustaining changesatisfactory
Implementation of CPMW and CDH workshop
• Financial satisfactoryGovernments commitment
• Effective and accountable institution satisfactoryClear line of actors
OBSERVED GLOBAL HAND WASHING DAY
• Observed the day in one of the school in Thimphu.
• Students are the good agent to pass the sanitation messages.
• To promote hygiene practices through
the event.
• Increase hand washing practices with soap
• Increase the frequency of bathing and laundering
World toilet day• Event to promote awareness
on importance of toilet- 19th November 2010
- inaugurated RSHP toilet constructed in eastern district to mark the event
- displayed sanitation fair giving different toilet options as part of the event
• Such event reminds of the need to have hygienic toilet
Challenges
• Leading causes for morbidity is still water/sanitation related illness.
• Appropriate technology –suitable for different Socio-economic and cultural situations
• Sustainability • Inadequate facilities• Inadequate awareness• Lack of adequate trained and
qualified persons. • Lack of adequate fund
Recommendations
• Enhanced Sanitation promotion activities and public awareness (media, observing special days like world water day, world hand washing day etc)
• Develop National Sanitation Policy.• Capacity building ( long term HRD programme)• Development of alternative/appropriate tech.• Develop specific programme like-CDH with
regular monitoring mechanism.• Training health workers and the local community
to ensure sustainability of basic sanitation facilities in rural areas.
Conclusions• The Bhutanese Delegation acknowledged the
hospitality extended to us and thank the Govt. of Sri Lanka for making SACOSAN IV a great success.
• Such forums are useful and provides platform for sharing experience/ good practices and review progress, enhanced networking and develop future road map.
• Bhutan fully supports the continuation of SACOSAN conference in the years to come to realize the dream of total sanitation in South Asia.
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