Solar Inverter from Delta The heart of your PV system Solar Inverter Training LOB Green Energy

Solar Inverter from DeltaThe heart of your PV system

Solar Inverter TrainingSolar Inverter Training

LOB Green Energy

www.solar-inverter.comV1.12

Topics

About us– Delta Group– “Green Energy“ Engagement– LOB Green Energy

Solar Inverter– Product Overview SOLIVIA– Accessories

Efficiency

Advantages of Delta Solar Inverter

Customer Questions to Service

LEDs and Display

Delta Service Software

Fault Analysis

Installation

Service & Support

References

About us

Delta Group

Founded: 1971 World’s No. 1 supplier of

Switch Mode Power Supplies and DC brushless fan

Headquarters in Taipei, Taiwan Sales of about US$ 6 billion Worldwide presence 60,000 employees

„to provide innovative, clean

and efficient energy solutions

for a better tomorrow“

Power Management Display Solutions Components

Industrial Automation

AutomotiveElectronics

Green Energy

Networking

Product Range

LED Solutions

EV / HEV starters battery packs

high-efficiency String + Central

Innovative, high-efficiency modularized designs

High brightness full HD projectors from 5,000 to

30,000 lumens

Inverters, dedicated server industrial controllers

World's No.1 supplier of DC brushless fans

Energy-saving networking wireless broadband solutions

high-end semi-custom solution for Telecom

Solar target markets

USA City of Industry, CA Sales and Support

Seoul, Korea

Sales and Support

Bangkok, Thailand

Production

Sales and Support

Europe

Tennigen, Germany

Research & Devlopment

Sales and Support

IndiaBangalore – Karnataka

Sales and Support

Taipei, Taiwan Headquarters

Australia

Sales and Support

Solar Facilities in Europe

Teningen und Soest, GermanyMarketing, Sales & Support, R&D, Qualifikation,

Produktion

Dubnica nad Váhom ( Slovakia) Produktion, Sales & Support

France ( Germany)Sales

Bologna, Italy Sales & Support

Madrid, Spain Sales & Support

Czech Republic( Slovakia) Sales

Portugal ( Spain) Sales

Belgium ( Germany)Sales

Netherlands ( Germany)Sales

Uznach, SwitzerlandSales & Support, R&D

Expert teams for Innovation Management, Research Programs, Design and Custom Solutions

10 application teams

Over 75 years of experience and knowledge in the field of power conversion

Advanced development team: Topologies, implementation of new components, materials and manufacturing techniques,…

Technical support team

R&D coordination with Delta’s worldwide engineering groups

Equipment

EMI / RFI: Test Rooms– Conducted and radiated emission– RF immunity– HF conducted immunity– Surge and burst, ESD– Voltage variations, dips and drop outs– Harmonics, flicker

Environmental Tests– Shock and vibrations– Temperature (-70 °C to +180 °C max.)– Humidity (10 % to 95 %)

Component Stress

Burn In

Shock Vibration

IP65 Test

Automatic Final Test

Life Test: Own PV installation in order to test the new developed Solar Inverters

Equipment

Production Facilities in Slovakia

Production area: 12.000 m²

Production capacity: 500 Megawatt

Employees: 865

Production of Solar Inverters, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications

Production Facilities in Thailand

Production area (Bangpoo): 72.300 m²

Production capacity: 900 Megawatt (Asia)

Employees : 10.420

Production of Solar Inverters, DC-DC Converters, Automotive Electronics, Telecom Power Systems, Power Supplies for medical engineering and industrial automation applications

What our customers expect today and in future…

High reliability (Quality)

Long economic lifetime

High efficiencies

Wide operating temperature ranges

Full digital control

Reliable and fast worldwide support

Training programs

Easy installation13

SOLIVIA InverterAsia-Pacific

SOLIVIA Brand

SOLar Inverters for Versatile and Intelligent Applications

SOLIVIA Features

One model for all countries

One unit can be used in six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India,

Korea, Taiwan and Thailand) simply with the click of a button!

The multi-country models will help Delta and our customers to save costs in production, warehousing

and logistics.

State of the art displayWe improved the usability of our inverters with a new display that is brighter, offers a widerviewing angle and consumes less power.

Easy handling and installationPackaged with each inverter is a mounting plate that makes the mounting of the inverter on a wallas easy as 1-2-3. By incorporating a HF transformer design, units are up to 50% lighter than standard transformer based inverters.

SOLIVIA Features

Versatile applicationsThe SOLIVIA string and central inverters can be used with all common photovoltaic module

types,even with rear-side contact modules and thin-film modules that require positive or negative DCgrounding. With the optional grounding kit from Delta, the SOLIVIA inverters are a perfect fit for these applications. All SOLIVIA string inverters can be installed indoors or outdoors (IP65 housing).Due to the wide input voltage range of 125V to 540V, the inverters are suitable for a broad rangeof photovoltaic installation types.

Efficiency & temperature improvementsThe brand new SOLIVIA 2.5, SOLIVIA 3.0 and SOLIVIA 3.3 have a maximum efficiency of 96%.Compared to the transformer-based inverters from our competitors, the SOLIVIA inverters deliverthe maximum efficiency over a much wider power range. Full power up to 57 °C ensures maximum yield.

String Inverter SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer- Product Availability by Country

SOLIVIA 5.0

Available Q2 2011

String Inverters SOLIVIA AP with HF-Transformer

0 … 98

Max. Efficiency(%)

Efficiency EU (%)

Humidity (%)

IP65 IP65 IP65 Protection class

Output

210…264 (Australia)

Nominal power (W)

Voltage range (V)

Nominal current (A)

Nominal power(W)

Voltage range (V)

Nominal current (A)

125 … 540

SOLIVIA 3.3SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 2.5

* AC voltage and frequency range will be programmed according to the individual country requirements

SOLIVIA 5.0

0 … 98

210…264 (Australia))

125 … 540

Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific

String Inverter with HF-transformer

SOLIVIA 2.5 SOLIVIA 3.0 SOLIVIA 3.3 SOLIVIA 5.0

Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0

InterleavedBooster

Resonant Converterwith HF Transformer

- Pulsating HFInverter

SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3

SOLIVIA 5.0

Technical Details – SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3 and 5.0

SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3

SOLIVIA 5.0

Design Layout SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3

AC Inverter

Bulk-ElkosHigh-Frequency Trafo

DC Control-Board

AC Control-Board

ENS Relais

Booster

Auxiliary Power

DC Filter

AC Out

AC Filter

Communication

Product features

RS485 interface

USB via adapter

Standardized software protocol– Based on ANSI x 3.28 Standard– 16bit checksum for error checking– Data packages wrapped by STX and ETX

Baud rate 19200, 8 bits, none parity, 1 stop bit

SOLiViA Monitoring Software (web) included with RS-485 to Ethernet Gateway

Submitted data

Measured data– AC (voltage, current, power, frequency)– DC (voltage, current, insulation resistance)– Total kWh, grid impedance

Statistics– kWh per day, week, month

Inverter status– Operational status, error status

SOLIVIA 2.5SOLIVIA 3.0SOLIVIA 3.3SOLIVIA 5.0

SOLiViA Monitoring Software

Accessories

Grounding kit – Delta

PV System dimensioning

Efficiency

90W – 150WLoss: 850W-910W

85,5W – 142,5WLoss: 4,5W-7,5W

1% Improvement in

efficiency

10W 0,9W – 1,5W

9% (amorphous)

15% (crystalline)

Solar Inverter 3.3 AP 95%

Solar Modules Solar Inverter

Efficiency

Solar Modules Grid

Technical Data

Derating

SOLIVIA 3.3

Efficiency

Advantages ofDelta Inverters

Delta, founded in 1971, has worldwide locations in more than 40 countries World’s largest manufacturer of internal switch-mode power supplies with more than 60,000 employees and revenues of $6 billion US

State-of-the-art production facilities ensure availability and fulfill highest quality standards of e.g. solar industry, automotive industry and medical applications

Highly motivated solar team offer Delta customers professional training courses on request as well as fast service via the Solar Support Hotline set up especially for this purpose

High efficiency in higher MPP range

High efficiency in higher and lower power range

Advantage Delta Inverter

Technical Advantages

IP65 is important for lifetime of more than 20 years (dustproof)

All connections and settings can be made without opening the inverter

Delta Service Software allows for effective troubleshooting, settings and system check via the RS485 interface without opening the inverter

SOLIVIA - Solar Inverters for Asia-Pacific: One model can used in more than six countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, China, India, Korea, Taiwan andThailand)

Full output power up to 57°C ambient temperature

At a nominal PV power of < 20%, one booster section will be turned-off leading to higher efficiency and life time

We have built in reverse current protection

Lifetime is increased thanks to assembly of 105°C electrolytic capacitors

Thanks to switching the semiconductors in resonant mode, the lifetime of the transistors will increase significantly

Reduced repair costs due to clear separation of DC and AC side

The calculated MTBF (theoretical fault rate) = 26 years (EXAR 8.0)

We have our own EMV-, Vibration- and Temperature tests.

Delta has a long experience over decades in development of AC/DC, DC/DC and DC/AC power converters

Customers like Microsoft, Apple, Siemens, Nokia, IBM, Sony and of course major customers from the solar field trust in Delta products

Technische Vorteile unserer Inverter

Customer Questions to Service

Plant-Configuration, Limits

Limited performance of the Solar Inverter

Too many PV modules → High PV output

→ Power or current limitation of Solar Inverter

Not enough PV modules → Low PV output

→ Low-load range of Solar Inverter is unfavourable

Where is the Ideal Solar Inverter Operating Point?

Maximum efficiency range

Solar Inverter should be operated in upper MPP voltage range

Why the upper MPP voltage range?

A higher DC voltage from the PV modules leads to lower currents and helps to reduce the cross section of solar cables

Higher efficiency of Delta Solar Inverters

The Solar Inverter’s shutdown threshold (lower limit of DC voltage) will not be reached if the module temperature rises

Calculation with module characteristic data

PNom = 173W Module characteristics acc. to STC conditions

UMPP = 26.4V Ambient temperature 25°C

IMPP = 6.55A Irradiation E = 1000 W/m²

UOC = 34.1V AM (Airmass) 1.5

ISC = 7.29A

Power coefficient -0.40% / °C -0.692W/°C

Voltage coefficient -0.36% / °C -0.123V / °C with no-load operation, per module

-0.095V / °C at MPP, per module

Current coefficient +0.03% / °C +0.0022A / °C with short circuit, per module

+0.0020A / °C at MPP, per module

Calculation

Max. voltage on Solar Inverter

UOC=34.1V UOC_total=34.1V x 10=341V

Max. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at -20°C?

Voltage coefficient for 1 module = -0.123V/°C

Voltage coefficient for 10 modules = -1.230V/°C

Temperature difference between +25°C and -20°C = -45°C

-1.230V/°C x -45°C= 55.3V voltage difference at -20°C

At -20°C, the OC voltage will increase by 55.3V.

UOC @ -20°C = 341V + 55.3V = 396.3V

2.....

20 modules

2.....

Inverter

Calculation

Min. possible voltage on Solar Inverter at module temperature of +70°C?

At +70°C, the MPP voltage decreases by 43V to 221V.

The max. OC voltage of this system is 396V.

The min. operating voltage of our system is 221V.

With 2 parallel strings, the current is 2 x IMPP = 2 x 6.55A = 13.1A

In total, there are 20 modules.

PDC Nom = 20 modules x 173W = 3460W

According to the data sheet, our SI 3300 would be right at home here.

MPP operating range 150V...470V, rated current 13A, rated power 3630 W

Calculation

Unfavourable Module Configuration

One string with 6 modules in series UOC = 204V

3 strings in parallel IMPP = 20A

PDC Nom = 18 modules x 173W = 3112W

UOC @ -20°C = 237V max. voltage

UMPP @ +70°C = 133V min. voltage

2.....

18 modules

Inverter

Calculation

Most unfavourable power condition at a module temperature of +70°C

Power coefficient: -0.40%/°C per module -0.692 W/°C

Module power 173Wp

Temperature difference between +25°C and +70°C = 45°C

P70°C = -0.692W / °C x 45°C = -31.14W

At a module temperature of 70°C, we have power losses of 31 W per module.

Each module supplies 142W only - instead of its rated output power of 173W.

This means that the whole system with its 20 modules can only supply 2840W instead of 3460W.

Calculation

Reduced Output due to Contamination

Reasons for reducedpower

Reduced Output Power due to Shading

1 2 18 19 20 36

Module with 36 cells

approx. 21V

Bypass diode

Reduction Reasons caused from DC Side

DC line cross section and length → Cable losses

Temperature of the modules → PV voltage drops

→ Reduced output power

Insulation fault → Solar Inverter disconnected from grid

Reduction Reasons caused from AC Side

Cross section and length of AC line → Impedance problem

→ Overvoltage trip

Failure scenario: Inverter frequently disconnected from grid

AC over/under-voltage on Solar Inverter

Grid stability from electric utility (voltage and frequency limits)

Reduced Output Power caused by Solar Inverter

Internal fault, component defects → Display: ”Error 301” or ”Relay Error”

Shutdowns (temperature sensor limit, insulation fault, overvoltage or undervoltage)

Solar Inverter’s location, e.g. direct sunlight → Derating

Installation Failures

Good Installation

Conclusion

Reduced output power caused due to

- PV system dimensioning

- Solar Inverter dimensioning

- Series and parallel connection of PV modules

- Dirty PV modules

- Shaded cells

- DC side

- AC side

- Solar Inverter

- Utility requirements

LEDs and Display

LED (A), green: Operation

LED (B), red: Earth Fault

LED (C), yellow: Failure

LEDs for Operating Mode and Trouble Indication

LEDs and Display

Display

Button (A), ESC: For quitting each sub-menu and returning to the main menu.

Buttons (B) and (C): For displaying the data in the sub-menu and changing settings in the setup menu.

Button (D), ENTER: – For confirming entries– For resetting error messages– For activating the display

lighting

LEDs and Display

Seven Different Menus

Menus D, W, M, Y, and T can be used for evaluating the daily, weekly, monthly, annual and total output statistics.

Here, you can read out the

Output power in kWh

Feed-in remuneration in AUD

Operating duration of the Solar Inverter in respect of the relevant period (day, week, month, year, total)

LEDs and Display

Menu S - Setup Menu

Here, you can change the following settings:

LCD display contrast

Backlight ”on” or ”auto”

Select Start Menu

Assign ID numbers for each Solar Inverter

Choose ISO / GND settings

Country settings(Parameter)

Setting of actual time and date– Please don`t forget to set to current values after installation

Setting of feed-in remuneration in AUD/kWh

Firmware level

LEDs and Display

Menu N – Now (Delivery Status)

Display:

Current AC output power

Current AC output voltage

Current AC output current

Current AC mains frequency

Current DC - PV cell voltage

Current DC - PV cell current

Current time and date

LEDs and Display

First Use - Operating States

Input voltage on Solar Inverter < 100 V No function, all LEDs ”Off”

Input voltage on Solar Inverter approx. 120 V Initialisation, all 3 LEDs ”On”

Input voltage on Solar Inverter > 150 V Green LED flashes

Display message: ”Synchronize to AC”

Checking of grid voltage, grid frequency, insulation resistance on DC side and varistor function.

After 1 Minute, the Solar Inverter switches to standard grid input mode. Inverter output connects to AC grid.

The green LED lights up continuously.

LEDs and Display

Service Software

Servicesoftware

Fast check of the Plant Fast Troubleshooting Fast Upgrade Read out the Log File

SOLIVIA

Fault Analysis

Display Messages and Explanations

Fault Analysis

Installation

Installation Requirements

Mounting:

SOLIVIA 2.5, 3.0, 3.3, 5.0

A mounting plate is delivered together with the Solar Inverter

For wall mounting, please use suitable screws

Hook-in Solar Inverter to the mounting plate and tighten the 2 locking screws

Installation Location

Please do no install on a combustible surface (otherwise: risk of fire)

Can be installed inside or in a protected outdoor area

Higher ambient temperature will reduce output power

Please respect the distances around the inverter for air circulation

(1) Connections for solar modules

(2) Grid connection

(3) Interface connection RS485 (EIA485)

(4) Display for status messages and keypad for operation

(5) Light-emitting diodes for operational status display

SOLIVIA

Connections

(1) (2) (3)

Electrical connections are realized using plug-in contacts.

For connection purposes, it is not necessary to open the Solar Inverter!

DC connection (MC4)

AC connection

Close DC isolator

Close circuit breaker on AC side

SI 3300, 2500

DC and AC Connections

SOLIVIA

Use Wieland RST25i3S AC connector (included in packaging box)

Turn-off AC grid and disconnect prior to installation work

Cable cross section: min. 2.5 mm² - max. 4.0 mm².

When using rigid cables: First, please bend and cut to required length. Then strip the insulation!

Connect a Circuit Breaker with rated current of 25 A (type B tripping characteristic) between Solar Inverter and AC grid.

SOLIVIA

AC Connection

Check this!

References

Reference Installation Taiwan - 1MW

Installations Germany

Installations Czech Republic

Installations Italy

Installations Spain

Own PV installation Delta Teningen - Germany

Installation Information:

Address: Delta Energy Systems (Germany) GmbH Tscheulinstr. 2179331 TeningenGermany

Total kW: 46 (6kW + 40kW)

Quantity and type of inverters:12 x SI 3300

3 x SI 3300

Quantity and type of modules:175 pcs of Tenesol TE2200/230W 30 pcs of Tenesol Tenesa

Thank you for your attention!

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