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SDGs for Mega Urban Jakarta
Raldi Hendro Koestoerralkoest@yahoo.co.uk
Consultative Workshop on Measuring Progress in Post 2015 Development Frameworks
United Nations Office for Sustainable Development 10-11 December 2013, Incheon, South Korea
Outline of Presentations
I. Challenged Issues in Mega Urban Jakarta.
II. MP3EI towards a Green Plan.
III. Urban Environmental Approaches in Review.
IV. Proxy SDG Indicators and Spatial Land-use of
Mega Urban Jakarta
V. Concluding Remarks.
Questions Encountered
1. What Spatial Issues Challenged by Mega Urban
Jakarta
2. What Constraints Framed for Mega Urban
Jakarta
3. How the Regions Survive to Achieve Green
Development (SDGs)
Mega Urban Jakarta
Mega Urban Jakarta is one of the metropolitan areas in SEA -> consisting of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi abbreaviated as Jabodetabek, known as Desakota Region
Population for the Mega Urban Jakarta (Jabodetabek) is around 27.9m people, with the area of 6,872 sq. Km. -> ranked at the 4th in the World largest Mega Urban regions.
Jabodetabek is concentrated by 11,76% of the total Population for Indonesia-> covering 18% of the national economic business circulations.
Mega Urban Issues
1. Over Populated -> Slum Area2. Distribution of Flood Vulnerability3. Traffic Congestion ->Traffic Jam & Highly Polluted Condition4. Poor Sanitation -> Deteriorating Health Condition
5. Land Utilitation -> Variety of Landuses
Masterplan for the Acceleration and
Expansion of Indonesia’s Economic Development (MP3EI )
towards a Green Plan
Framework Approach MP3EI
1. Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities 2. Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance 3. The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors
1. Encourage a large scale investment realization in 22 main economic activities 2. Synchronization of national action plan to revitalize the real sector performance 3. The development of center of excellence in 6 (six) economic corridors
1. Developing economic corridors Indonesia
• Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources
1. Developing economic corridors Indonesia
• Development of growth centers in each corridor with the development of industrial clusters and special economic region based on commodity resources
2. Strengthening National Connectivity
• Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors
• Connectivity between corridor / island
• International connectivity
2. Strengthening National Connectivity
• Connectivity and intra-and inter-center growth in economic corridors
• Connectivity between corridor / island
• International connectivity
3. Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology
• Science & Technology Capacity Building (Green Techno-Economy)
3. Strengthening national human resources capability and science and technology
• Science & Technology Capacity Building (Green Techno-Economy)
Basic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansionBasic Principles for economic development acceleration and expansion
“To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous
Indonesia”
“To create a self-sufficient, Advance, Just and Prosperous
Indonesia”
Indonesia Vision 2025
Strategic Initiatives
Main Strategy
Basic Principles
22 MAIN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
INVESTMENT POLICY : Main Downstreamings Industries in MP3EI
GreaterJakarta
Sunda Straits
Strategic Area
TextileShippingICT
Machinary & Tools
Food/Beverage
Steel
Palm Oil
Rubber
Oil & GasCoalNicke
lCopper
Bauxite
Fishery
Tourism
Food Estate
The development is integrated in 6
economic corridors
Defence Equipme
nt
Cacao
Animal Husbandr
y
Woods
Development of low carbon economies;
Shift to renewables and energy efficiency
economies;
Sustainability development, strengthening Public
Services, and enhancing local capacity;
Socio-Economic Welfare as the first priority.
Green Economy
(UNEP, 2013)
Green Growth
Green growth means fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our well-being relies.
The basic principles of “Green Growth” :◦Quality of economic growth◦Eco-efficiency of economic growth ◦Environmental sustainability vis-à-vis
environmental performance (UNEP, 2013)
Green Jobs
as work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that contribute substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality.
Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through high-efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution
(ILO-UNEP, 2013)
“Greening" Occupations The extent to which green economy activities and
technologies increase the demand for existing occupations, shape the work and worker requirements needed for occupational performance, or generate unique work and worker requirement.
Green increased demand occupations Green enhanced skills occupations Green new and emerging occupations
More precisely green jobs are decent jobs that: – Reduce consumption of energy and raw materials – Limit GHG emissions – Minimize waste and pollution – Protect and restore ecosystems (ILO-UNEP, 2013)
Spill-over in the Desakota Region
Urban Social-Economic Attractiveness affects the flow of migration from the hinterland.
One major trigger increased Urbanised trend is a trade off b/w rural land productivity and industrialization; while investment on infrastructure induced the process.
Urban Area is occupied by 30% of the total Population:-> Around 3,3m people estimated increase to 5m people by 2030 (UN-HABITAT, 2009)
Basic Principles of Green Urban Development
Environment (Ecology)
Socio-Economy (Employment)
Equity
Engagement
Energy
(Ananda, 2013)
Environmentally friendly city with effectively and efficiently utilize water resources and energy, reducing waste, implementing an integrated transport system, ensure environmental health, environmental synergy between natural and artificial, based urban planning and design in favor of the principles of sustainable development (www.unep.org/wed).
Green City
(Ananda, 2013)
Ecological Urban Concepts Integrated Components of Natural and Built Urban Environment Eco-efficient and Optimal Utilizations of Urban Resources Reduced Carbon Emission Recycled Waste Reducing Resources Use based on the hinterland
8 Components for Ecological Mega Urban Jabodetabek:• Land-Use• Transportation• Built Environment• Green Open Space• Waste and Water-ways Network Management• Energy System• Hidrology• Air and Solar System
(Ananda, 2013)
Methods for SD in Review Ecological Footprint Barometer of Sustainability Quality of Life Assessment Ecosystem Health Assessment Natural Resource Availability Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA) Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI) Sustainable Development Indicator (SDI) Ecological Footprint-Biocapacity Accounting (EF-BC
Accounting) Methods of Water and Land Resources Accounting Methods of Comparative Resources on Supply-Demand Methods Multi-dimentional Scalling (MDS) Environmental Performance Index (EPI) Sustainable Performance Index (SPI)
(Ananda, 2013)
Concluding Remarks
1. Mega Urban Jakarta as a Desakota Region is remarkably Dynamics->Not only Population increased but also degrading quality of Landuse and environment emerged
2. MP3EI is a driving factor influencing the Mega Urban Environment
3. Eco-Mega Urban Management has to be promoted strongly->Indicators for SDGs should consider Econ. Productivity, Ecol. Sustainability, Social Justice, Political will and Cultural Vibrancy
4. Reviews on Eco-socecon Mega Urban Methods would assist to appropriate indicators for SDGs of Mega Urban Jakarta
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