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8/9/2019 RF Planning and Drive Test
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E1E1--E2 CME2 CM
for BSNL internal circulation only
for BSNL internal circulation only
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A cell can be defined
as the area covered
by one sector
for BSNL internal circulation only
a n emen s o a oNetwork
Mobile station
Base Transceiver Station
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Determine number of cells required for capacity
CAPACITY AND COVERAGE
for BSNL internal circulation only
.
Determine number of cells required for coverage
by using propagation model.
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ERLANG
One erlang ( Erl) is defined as the amount of
traffic generated by the user when he or she
uses one traffic channel for one hour.
for BSNL internal circulation only
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ERLANG TABLES
Commonly used Erlang tables are
Erlang B Erlang C
Erlang B assumes that if calls cannot go through
for BSNL internal circulation only
then they get dropped (i.e. no queuing possible).
Erlang C considers that if a call does not get
through then it will wait in a queue.
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ERLANG TABLES
These tables give information about the traffic
generated by X No. of TRXs for different Grades
of Service.
for BSNL internal circulation only
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for BSNL internal circulation only
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POSSIBLE CHANNEL COMBINATIONS
RT 0
Timeslots
BCCH CCCH TCHSDCCH TCH
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TCH TCHTCH
for BSNL internal circulation only
CMCC SMS SS
RT 1
RT 2
RT 3
TCH
SDCCH
TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH
TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH
TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH
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FREQUENCY RE-USE
Frequency re-use factor depends on
the average number of the transceivers
the total number of frequencies.
for BSNL internal circulation only
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FREQUENCY RE-USE FACTOR
If there are 3 TRX that are used per base station
and the total number of frequencies available is
27.The total number of frequencies available for
for BSNL internal circulation only
re-use is 27/3 = 9
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There are few theoretical models and many
empirical models to predict the propagation path
loss.
PROPOGATION MODELS
for BSNL internal circulation only
Propagation models should be applied with
caution .
Network planning tools will combine these
models with terrain data.
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PROPOGATION MODELS
For Macro Cell
Okumura-Hata model
For Micro Cell
for BSNL internal circulation only
Walfisch-ikegami model
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PROCESS OF RADIO NETWORK
PLANNING
Collection of the input parameters
Pre planning
Site survey
for BSNL internal circulation only
Parameter planning
The final radio network plan involves rest of the
parameters like power budget calculations and
considering path loss calculations.
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OPTIMISATION
Optimization involves monitoring, verifying and
improving the performance of the radio network.
for BSNL internal circulation only
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WHAT IS OPTIMIZATION
for BSNL internal circulation only
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OPTIMISATION
Power amplifiers are located near the
transmission antennas.
The boosters are located near the base station.
for BSNL internal circulation only
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DIVERSITY
Diversity is the most common way to improve
the reception power of the receiving antenna. Major diversity techniques are
space diversity
for BSNL internal circulation only
frequency diversity polarization diversity
(In our field polarisation diversity is being used)
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RADIO NETWORK PLANNING
AND OPTIMIZATION
o Study of methods required for optimization:
o Traffic estimation in terms of erlangs
o Configuration of Time slots of TRX
o Calculation of frequency re use factor
for BSNL internal circulation only
o Application of suitable propagation modelo Methods to improve signal received by MS
o Study of RRM ( Radio resource management)
o Study of KPIs( Key performance parameters)
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MS BTS MSCBSC
RIL3 - CM
RIL3 - MM
RIL3 - RRSCCP
BSSMAP
DTAP
MM
TCAP
DTAP
CM
U
PSCCP
MA
P
I
S
SCCP
BSSMAP
BTSM
RIL 3-RR
BTSMRR
for BSNL internal circulation only
LAPD m
Layer 1 Layer 1
LAPD m LAPD
Um A bis A link BCDEFG
MTP
Layer 1Layer 1
GSM Signaling Protocols Overview
LAPD MTP
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RADIO RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
The radio resource management (RRM) is the
functions related to
mobile location updation
for BSNL internal circulation only
communication management issues such ashandover and roaming procedure handling
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LINK PROTOCOLS
To execute these management functions,
information flow (traffic and signalling) takes
place via three protocols, known as link
for BSNL internal circulation only
protocols .
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LINK PROTOCOLS
LAPDm is present over the MS-BTS connection
LAPD over the BTS-BSC connection.
MTP is used for signalling transport over the
for BSNL internal circulation only
SS7 network.
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STUDY OF KPIs
Once a radio network is designed and
operational, its performance is monitored. The performance is compared against chosen
key performance indicators (KPIs).
for BSNL internal circulation only
After fine-tuning, the results are then applied tothe network to get the desired performance.
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STUDY OF KPIs
KPls can be subdivided according to the areasof functioning, such as
area level cell level
TRX level.
for BSNL internal circulation only
- SDCCH requests
dropped SDCCH total
dropped SDCCH Abis failures
outgoing MSC control handover (HO) attempts outgoing BSC control HO attempts
intra-cell HO attempts, etc.
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DRIVE TEST PROCESS
Selection of the 'live' region of the network
Selection of the drive testing path.
To have the appropriate kits including
for BSNL internal circulation only
Mobile equipment (usually three mobiles) Drive testing software (on a laptop)
A GPS (global positioning system) unit.
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USB2USB1
Short call Long Call
USB3
Idle
Drive Test Equipments for Voice & PS callTools
1. Scanner
2. Drive Test
Software
3.UE
4.PC
5.GPS
DRIVE TEST TOOL PHYSICAL SET UP
for BSNL internal circulation only
Com 1
scanner
GPS
Data Card
PS
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DRIVE TEST PROCESS
Two mobiles are used to generate calls with a
gap of few seconds (usually 15-20 s).
The third mobile is usually used for testing the
for BSNL internal circulation only
coverage.
It makes one continuous call, and if this call
drops it will attempt another call.
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DRIVE TEST PROCESS
To collect enough samples at a reasonable
speed and in a reasonable time.
If there are lots of dropped calls, the problem is
for BSNL internal circulation only
analysed to find a solution for it and to propose
changes.
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OPTIMISATION SOLUTION
Moving antenna locations
Altering antenna heights
Changing ARFCNs
for BSNL internal circulation only
Antenna orientation adjustment
Rectifying the faults in the steps followed before
finalisation of Radio network planning.
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DRIVE TEST TOOL
TEMS offers solutions for
Planning
Development
for BSNL internal circulation only
Troubleshooting
Expanding mobile networks
Optimized networks mean lower operational
costs.
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DRIVE TEST TOOL
TEMS products allow efficient monitoring,
diagnosing and benchmarking in order to make
best use of available resources.
for BSNL internal circulation only
They also enable engineers to troubleshoot
problems quickly.
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TEMS CELLPLANNER UNIVERSAL TEMS Cell Planner Universal is Ericssons tool
for mobile radio network planning.
It is a
for BSNL internal circulation only
highly graphical
easy-to-use
PC-based tool for design
Realization
Optimization of mobile radio networks.
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TEMS CELLPLANNER UNIVERSAL
It supports for
WCDMA GSM 850,GSM 900,GSM 1800,GSM 1900
iDEN
for BSNL internal circulation only
CDMA,CDMA2000 1xRTT TDMA/AMPS
NMT 450, NMT 900
TACS, and E-TACS.
GPRS and EGPRS (EDGE) in GSM system.
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for BSNL internal circulation only
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