View
217
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Renewable Energy
IN CHINA
Ni Weidou
2004.5
The Forecast of Energy Demand and the Transformation of Energy Structure(1998-2050)
CoalOilNature GasNuclear PowerNew and Renewable Energy
year
Mtce
China is rich in wind energy resource, according to the data collected from more than 900 meteorological stations, it is estimated that nationwide total wind potential on land at 10m height would be 3.2TW, among them 253GW considered technical available to be utilized, in addition, 750GW were estimated for offshore, thus 1TW in total. Consider the modern wind turbine hub height is more than 50m, the above estimation maybe doubled. The areas with abundant wind energy resource mainly in northern China, southeast coastal line and vicinity islands.
Existent wind farms
Projected wind
farms
Location of Existent and Some Projected Wind Farms in China
Above 200W/m2 (High)
150~200W/m2
100~150W/m2
50~100W/m2
Below 50W/m2 (Low)
The Wind Energy Resource in China
1. Wind Utilization
By the end of 2003:
Total installed capacity: 567MW
Total turbines (>30kW): 1042
Total wind farms: 40 in 14 provinces
Largest unit capacity: 1500kW
Average unit capacity in 2003: 748kW
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity
(MW
)
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03
Year
Total Installed Capcity by the End of 2003
1. Wind Utilization
1. Wind Utilization
0. 00
10. 00
20. 00
30. 00
40. 00
50. 00
60. 00
70. 00
80. 00
90. 00
100. 00
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity (M
W)
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03
Year
Yearly Installed Capacity by the End of 2003
1. Wind Utilization
Provincial Wind Capacity LiaoningXinjiangInner MongolianGuangdongZhejiangJilinShandongGansu
HebeiFujianNingxiaHainanHeilongjiangShanghai
1. Wind UtilizationMarket Shares
NEG Micon29%
Vestas17%Nordex
16%
Goldwind9%
Others29%
1. Wind Utilization
Wind Farm in Dabancheng, Xinjiang
2. Wind Manufacturing
Manufacturer Products
% of Total Capacity
% of Domestic Made Capacity
Goldwind 600kW750kW
8.8% 57.6%
Xian-Nordex 600kW 3.7% 24.1%Zhejiang Windy
250kW750kW
1.1% 7.1%
Wandian 660kW 2.8% 6.1%Yituo-Made 660kW 0.9% 6.1%
Major Wind Turbine Manufacturers
2. Wind Manufacturing
Shares of Domestic & Imported Turbines in 2003
Imported67%
Domestic33%
3. Wind Planning & Policy
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
2000 2005 2010 2015
Currentpol i cy
Envi rnmt.Dri ve
Estimates of Wind Power Development
3. Wind Planning & Policy2001-2005: Wind survey for 4000MW capacity
Wind assessment on offshore shallow
sea areas
By 2005 : 1000MW
2006-2010: 3000MW
A demostration offshore wind farm
3. Wind Planning & PolicyWind Power Concessions Projects
Aim: Lowering wind cost
Size: 100MW
Procedure: tending
Projects: 2003:Huilai in Guangdong
Rudong in Jiangsu
2004:Second phase of Rudong in Jiangsu
Tongyu in Jilin
Huitengxile in Inner Mongolia
344.81200
4000
20000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
year
MW
The Planned Capacity of Wind Power in China
3. Wind Planning & PolicyCurrent Incentive Policies
• Approval procedure: 50MW by provincial NDRC
• VAT: 17% to 8.5%
• Income tax: 33% to 15%
• Loan: payback period from 7 years to 15 years
Outline of Wind Power Project
Detailed wind power resource out their distribution in China, onshore and offshorePresent situation of wind power in China Utilization (off gird and grid connected) Manufacture capability Market share of domestic and foreign
companies
Outline of Wind Power Project
Future of wind power in China Roadmap of development Market forecast Barriers of development New technology trends Key problems and issues of
development
Outline of Wind Power Project
Legistration and policy requirements Tax Renewable Portfolio Standard Concession Approach of wind power Preferential policies for wind power in
Denmark, Germany, India, USA, UK… and other countries
Relationship between wind power and electricity sector reform
Outline of Wind Power Project
Concession Approach of wind approach Content of Concession Approach Opportunity of foreign companies Cooperation modes
Case study of wind power concession For already approved project For projects in planning stage
Biomass1. Straw and stock resources are about 700
mil. tons, equivalent to 300 mil. tceFeature: highly scattered, very difficult for collection; the radius of economically feasible collection area is less than 5 kmSeveral ways of utilization
Gasification for cooking and power generation, problems: tar blockage, high CO contentGasification methanol, DME, small scale, relative low efficiency, economically is not feasibleRapid pyrolysis – raw fuel liquid, scale, shortage of skilled operators
Biomass (contd) For making solid particles
Large consumption of energy for forming New method of forming, about 30 kWh per ton
(heating value about 60% of ce) Onsite production and onsite utilization as alternative
to coal (especially designed portable machine and stoves)
2. BiofuelGreat development of biofuel industry over the last ten plus years, production capacity of EU more than 1 mil. tons in 2001Recently, R&D on biofuel has been undertaken in many domestic universities and institutes. In 2001, a production base of 10,000 tons annual yield was built in Wu’an city, Hebei Province
Biomass (contd) Advantages of biofuel
Ease the pressure of oil import In the near term, use depleted edible oil and
oil-containing biomass as feedstock In the medium term, use farm and forest
crops in scaled plantation Lower the emission of vehicle exhaust,
also particles and smoke intensity Synergetic utilization of resources Favor the adjustment of agriculture
structure, increase the income of peasants
Solar energyEvolution of Photovoltaic (PV) Cell First generation PV cell – Silicon Crystal PV,
about 90% of international market, very costly – domestic 30~35 RMB/Wp
Second generation PV cell – Thin Film PV (TFPV), in the transition stage from R&D to scaled production. The most promising are cadmium telluride TFPV
and Cadmium-Indium-Selenium TFPV, which are also the key topic of national “863” project
In 2003, cadmium telluride multi-crystal TFPV, developed by Sichuan University, achieved the conversion efficiency of 13.38%. Dye-sensitized TiO2 TFPV reached 7% efficiency.
Thank you!!!
Recommended