RE-THINKING AFRICA

RE-THINKING AFRICARE-THINKING AFRICA

Through …Through …

• Available resources

• Places where resources are found

• Uses of the resources

• Environmental impact

• Environmental sustainability

Political Map of AfricaPolitical Map of Africa

Physical Map of AfricaPhysical Map of Africa

Geographical Map of AfricaGeographical Map of Africa

Source: African Mineral Resources

Types of ResourcesTypes of Resources

OIL & GAS

MINERAL MINING

COCOA CROP

Cocoa Growing Regions of the WorldCocoa Growing Regions of the World

AFRICA CLIMATICAFRICA CLIMATICGrowing CocoaGrowing Cocoa

Main World Cocoa Export FlowsMain World Cocoa Export Flows

Drying of Cocoa Beans in Ghana

Chocolate – Popular Flavor

A common ingredient in sweets, chocolate candy,

ice creams, cookies, cakes, pies and desserts.

Cocoa Tree in Ghana

Sustainability & Environmental Sustainability & Environmental Care of Cocoa TreesCare of Cocoa Trees

● Long term commitment

● Partnership with farming communities

● Improved crop yield

● Reducing pesticide use

● Diversification

● Improved quality of life for cocoa farmers

● Supporting educational programs in cocoa farming villages

Africa MineralsAfrica Minerals• Precambrian metamorphic and granite rocks

• Largest and richest mineral deposits in the world

• Potential for the discovery of mineral resources

• Mineral occurrences are present throughout the continent in all countries

• Modern technology is making exploration easier and economical

• A wide variety of mineral species with very high aesthetical quality

Geological Map of AfricaGeological Map of Africa

Source-African Mineral Resources

Minerals in Southern & Eastern AfricaMinerals in Southern & Eastern Africa

South Africa – World Leader In MiningSouth Africa – World Leader In Mining

• Renowned for abundance of mineral resources

• Mining companies dominate in the World• Diamond Industry is fourth largest in the world• Largest reserves of gold, platinum-group metals

manganese ore

Major Mining Companies in South Major Mining Companies in South AfricaAfrica

• Anglo Gold Ashanti- Gold Reserves

• Anglo American Platinum

• Lonmin- platinum

• De Beers- Diamonds

• Gold Fields Limited-Gold, Platinum

• Mmakau Mining- Coal, Platinum

• Diamond Core Resources

USES OF GOLDUSES OF GOLD – Thermal and Electrical – Thermal and Electrical Conductor, ductility, maileability, reflectivityConductor, ductility, maileability, reflectivity

• Electronics• Calculators• Computers• Washing Machines• Televisions• Missiles• Space Crafts

DE BEERS Diamond Companies DE BEERS Diamond Companies Showing Operations in AfricaShowing Operations in Africa

Source-De Beer Diamonds

Uses of DiamondUses of Diamond

• Ideal for mechanical parts

• Diamond bearings – used in laboratory instruments

• Diamond cutting tools – cut much faster and accurately

• Diamonds are used to manufacture fine wire – such as the wire used in electric toaster

Minerals in West AfricaMinerals in West Africa

• Aluminum Ore - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo

• Iron - Liberia, Guinea and Mauritania

• Gold - Ghana

Gold Mining in GhanaGold Mining in Ghana

Source: Adamus MineralsIn Ghana

Political Map of West AfricaPolitical Map of West Africa

Gold Mining Companies in GhanaGold Mining Companies in Ghana

• Birim Gold Fields • Dunkwa Continental

Gold Fields • PMI Gold• Newmont • Abosso Goldfieds• Anglo Gold Ashanti• Bonte Gold fields

• Prestea Sankofa God• BHP Minerals• Chirano Gold Mines• Obenemase Gold• Ghana-Australia Gold

NEWMONT MININGNEWMONT MINING

• AN EFFECTIVE AND COORDINATED

• SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAM

• Maintaining high standards for protecting human health, environment, and working in cooperation with host communities to create sustainable, long-term economic and social opportunities

Minerals in The Democratic Minerals in The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)Republic of the Congo (DRC)

• Cobalt• Copper• Uranium• Zinc

Source-Global Issues

Sources of CobaltSources of Cobalt

Uses of Cobalt from AfricaUses of Cobalt from Africa

Mining Cobalt in DRCMining Cobalt in DRC

Responsibility Programs by OM Responsibility Programs by OM GroupGroup

Mining Cobalt in the DRCMining Cobalt in the DRC

• School facilities

• Health facilities

• Building of roads

ICS Copper Systems in Zambia & ICS Copper Systems in Zambia & DRCDRC

Copper, cobalt - Zambia Gold - Democratic Republic of Congo

Responsibility Programs

• Environmental sustainability

• 20 acres of soya/maize farms in the community

• Educational Support for children in the community

• Support for Clinics and Fish Farms

Mineral Corporations in Africa and Mineral Corporations in Africa and Responsibility ProgramsResponsibility Programs

• The challenges lie in the inherent non-renewability of minerals and sustainability .

• Solving social and environmental problems if created by companies.

• Engage in dialogue with local communities to identify & address priorities for cultural heritage, environmental protection and community development.

RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF BANRO GOLDBANRO GOLD

• Banro's commitment to corporate social responsibility has four facets - the Banro Foundation, which promotes local social and economic development, job creation and training for Congolese citizens, environmental protection and workplace safety

RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF ANVIL MININGANVIL MINING

• Anvil is committed to investing 10% of the profits from its Dikulushi Mining Operation in local community development and is increasing the level of community engagement.

RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF LA QUINTA RESOURCES LA QUINTA RESOURCES

• Donation of medical drugs to hospital, for the whole population of Kampene and surrounding villages and of neighbouring.

RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS OF AXMIN INCAXMIN INC

• EFFECTIVE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

• ASSISTANCE IN AGRICULTURE AND PLAN NUSERIES FOR WOMEN IN MALI

West and Central Africa Oil SitesWest and Central Africa Oil Sites

World Oil & Gas Sources -World Oil & Gas Sources -from North & West Africafrom North & West Africa

Sources / Uses of Crude Oil, Petroleum & Sources / Uses of Crude Oil, Petroleum & Gas from West & North AfricaGas from West & North Africa

Nigeria ● Angola ● Libya ● Tunisia ● Congo

• Asphalt, Fuel Oil, Engine Oil – from Bottom of oil drilling distillation

• Diesel Fuel, Kerosene Gasoline – from middle of oil drilling distillation

• Natural Gas– from very top of the oil drilling distillation

The fate of Africa's huge crude oil reserves is important not just for Africans, but also for

Americans, who use millions of barrels of oil imported from Africa every day

• An Exxon/Mobil technician helps a helicopter land atop the Kizomba B platform off Angola, which is three football fields long and pumps out 250,000 barrels a day. (Globe Photo / John

Donnelly)

ERHC RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMSERHC RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS

• Community outreach program in host communities is important to ERHC Energy to showcase their commitment to contributing positively to the quality of life in the communities in which we operate.

• Supports major Orphanage Programs in Nigeria

ANADARKO PETROLEUM ANADARKO PETROLEUM RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMSRESPONSIBILITY PROGRAMS

• Enhancing value in international growth areas, by mobilizing volunteers to help rebuild lives after disasters, acting to support global needs, organizing food and clothing drives or working fight against cancer

Why Oil From Africa is Attractive to Why Oil From Africa is Attractive to United States?United States?

• Mostly "sweet" crude

• With low sulphur content

• Easier and cheaper to refine into gasoline or other products

• Transportation costs are lower from Africa than from the Middle East

Oil Production and Environmental Oil Production and Environmental DamageDamage

• Severe damage to the environment.

• Disruption of human population, animal and fish life.

• Waste dumping, pollution, and havoc on wildlife and habitat.

• Extinction of several plants species.

Major Oil Companies in AfricaMajor Oil Companies in Africa

• ExxonMobil

• Shell Oil

• Elf Aquitaine

• British Petroleum

• ChevronTexaco-

• Amerada Hess Corp

• Walter International

Let’s Rethink AfricaLet’s Rethink Africa

• The world depends on Africa for many of its essentials

• African countries need companies to develop its resources

• There is need for a balance between good business, sustainability, and social investments in the communities.

SPONSORSHIPSPONSORSHIP

. ERHC

• ICS Copper Systems• OM Group• Newmont Mining Corporation• World Cocoa Foundation• Anvil Mining• Anardarko Petroleum Company• La Quinta Resources• Banro Gold• Axmil Inc