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Rafael Bonchang HVDC Area Manager
Alstom GridEngland
Agenda
WHAT IS HVDC
ULTRA HVDC
VSC : A NEW TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT EXAMPLES
Why use HVDC?
• Transmission of bulk power where AC would be uneconomical
• Interconnection between systems which are non -synchronized or weak
• Improvement of AC system performance .
In many circumstances, it is economically and technically advantageous to introduce direct current (DC) links into the electrical supply syste m:
Types of HVDC Configurations
Basic HVDC Transmission
DC linkTransformer
F FHarmonic Filter
(Reactive Power )
ReceivingEnd
SendingEnd
Idc
Vdc
t
Idci
t
i
Iact
i
Iac
InverterRectifier
Point to Point – Overhead Line
DC Line
InverterRectifier
F F
ReceivingEnd
SendingEnd
t
i
t
i
t
i
Bulk Transmission
Point to Point – CableInverterRectifier
F F
ReceivingEnd
SendingEnd
t
i
t
i
t
i
Underwater or Underground
Back to BackReceiving
EndSending
End InverterRectifier
F F
t
i
t
i
t
i
Frequency changingAsynchronous connection
Why Use HVDC?
– Transmission >800km
– Submarine >50km– Frequency
conversion • 50-60Hz
– When synchronism of AC connections is impossible
Station Cost
DC
AC
Break EvenDistance
TransmissionDistance
The Perfect Tool
Up to 3 Times More Power
1850MW 1850MVA 5550MW
More Power Per Tower
DC DCAC
AC
DC
Charges and DischargesEvery Half Cycle
Only Charges the Cable Once
T7922
Power Transmission Via Cables
Surviving a Black Out
HVDC Price Trend
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 9001000MW
Pric
e (p
u)
Transmission Losses
0.2%
0.7%0.8%
0.0p.u 0.5p.u 1.0p.u0.0%
No-Load LossTransformer Converter Auxiliary
Load LossTransformerConverterFilter
Transmitted Power
HVDC Valves
Agenda
WHAT IS HVDC
ULTRA HVDC
VSC : A NEW TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT EXAMPLES
UHVDC Prospects 600kV-800kV
800 kV Valve
Wall bushing technology
Alstom 820 kV DC gas wall bushing
Agenda
WHAT IS HVDC
ULTRA HVDC
VSC : A NEW TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT EXAMPLES
What is VSC Transmission
• VSC = Voltage Source Converter• Capacitor normally used as energy
storage• VSC uses Transistor instead of
Thyristor technology
Comparison of Classical HVDC and VSC Transmission
ClassicHVDC VSC
Station Cost
Power Losses
Reliability / Availability
Control of Reactive Power
BLACK START
Footprint
Comparison of Classical HVDC and VSC Transmission
ClassicHVDC
VSC
Proven Experience (Service Life)
Power Range
Long Distance Transmission
Renewables conference, Manchester, Mar 2012
HVDC Off-shore Wind Farms
Off-shore wind farm
HVAC platform
HVDC platform
On-shore HVDC station
HVDC CABLE
Renewables conference, Manchester, Mar 2012
DC Grid Configurations: In-shore Point-to-point System
Renewables conference, Manchester, Mar 2012
DC Grid Configurations: Offshore Grid System
Agenda
WHAT IS HVDC
ULTRA HVDC
VSC : A NEW TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT EXAMPLES
South Korea - Cheju Island
• 400 MW, ±250 kVdc,
• 122 km submarine cable
• Completion 2013/2014Seoul
S. KOREA
Cheju Island
No. 1
No. 2KEPCO Returns to Alstom Grid for supply of a second,
larger HVDC project
Creating a National Grid in India
• 1 Chandrapur– 2 x 500MW, W-S regions
• 2 Visakhapatnam– 1 x 500MW, E-S regions
• 3 Sasaram– 1 x 500MW, E-W regions
2000 MW supplied by Alstom Grid
3
21
Middle East
• Interconnects– Saudi Arabia
380kV (60Hz)– Kuwait,
Bahrain, Qatar 400kV (50Hz)
• Rating : 3 x 600MW
• Ambient temperature 55°C
South America : BtB project
• Melo – Uruguay• Interconnects
– 500kV 50Hz Uruguay
– 525kV 60Hz Brazil
• 500MW pole• Turn -key project -
31 months
Montevideo
BRASIL
URUGUAYMelo
2 x 3150MW bi-poles
• ±600kV• 2375 km
Rio Madeira Project - Brazil
Rio Madeira
Sao Paulo
Power: 2x720MWVoltage DC: +/-300kVdcDistance 200 km
Phase 1: Interconnection in Sweden
Phase 2:Sweden to Norway
EAOW 25 January 2012
Sweden - South West
Champa India
• +/-800kV 3000MW Bipole
• 1300 km Line Between Champa and Kurukshetra
• Provision to include upgrade to 6000MW at a later date
www.alstom.com
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