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Introduction• Some facts about people needing organ transplantation:
1. At present, out of the 1,50,000 patients requiring kidney
transplants across India every year, only 200 get kidneys
by way of donations from the deceased.
2. Organs a Living Donor May Give:
■ single kidney
■ segment of the liver
■ lobe of a lung
■ portion of the pancreas
■ portion of the intestine
3. All major religions support organ & tissue donation as an
unselfish act of charity
4. The need for donated organs and tissue continues to grow.
Over 100,000 men, women and children currently await life-
saving organ transplants
5. Sadly, an average of 18 people die each day due to a lack of
available organs
• To cope up with these growing demands it is necessary that
some alternate way be devised to fulfill them.
• Organ growing is one of the new advances in medicine that
would enable organ replacement.
• Human organs will be replaced internally or externally, using
a replacement organ that was “grown” using a tissue or a cell
from the patient himself
Problems with organ donation:
1. The body will naturally react against tissue from someone
else.
2. This problem is called "rejection“.
3. Many patients have to be on drugs that suppress their
immune systems for the rest of their lives
• Techniques vary, but they tend to have a similar strategy
1. Scan the patient's organ
2. Create a scaffold
3. Add cells
4. Put it in a bioreactor
• Luke Masella was born with a birth defect called Spina Bifida,
caused paralysis of bladder.
• Lost 25% of his body weight due to toxin build up.
• Luke and his parents opted for a very radical solution- a brand
new bladder.
• Tissue Engineering pioneer Anthony Atala
of Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative
Medicine made Luke his bladder.
• He created a scaffolding, harvested stem
cells from Luke’s original bladder, and
seeded the scaffolding with those cells.
• Two months later, Atala attached the
new bladder to Luke’s original
bladder, expanding it.
• Now a 20 year old sophomore at the
University of Connecticut, Luke
has a bladder and kidneys that
function normally.
Business Opportunity
• Tissue engineering shows different aspects of life saving
technology.
• All of these features require formidable inputs from different
backgrounds.
• Computer engineering, Mechanical Works, Biotechnologists all
need to come into play.
• For an organization to make this into a business, it would require
lots of investment in capital and labor.
• Some areas where business
can be developed are:
1. Printers.
2. 3D imaging
3. Blood supply vessels.
4. Building of body parts
outside the body.
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