Qualitative vs Quantitative Research

Qualitative vs Quantitative Research

1) Introduce qualitative research

2) Compare qualitative and quantitative

Qualitative Research

1. Focuses on non-numeric issues

2. Emphasizes meaning and interpretation

3. Says studying life is dynamic

4. Is possible with any quantitative topic

Qualitative

Quantitative

Designs / Methods

1. Content analysis (secondary analysis, historical/official records review)

2. Surveys (questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, delphi technique, other blended)

3. Observation (field study, ethnography, phenomenology, case study)

4. Experiment (Quasi-Experiment)

Comparison of Qual & Quant

Purpose Describe, understand

Predict causal relationships

Questions Why, how What (test)

Logic Inductive Deductive

Role of Theory

Broad & post hoc

Theory-driven

Measures Open, unstrux, face val

High rel & val

Comparison of Qual/Quant (continued)

Sampling Purposive Random, rep

Intervention Hands off Big control

Data gathered

Immerse & ad lib

Structured & predetermined

Researcher role

Must dev rship w/ particips

Objective

Qual vs Quant

• Subjective• Multiple realities• Discovery, descript• Interpretive• Organismic• Whole > parts• Rich narrative• Researcher big

part• Context dependent

• Objective• One reality• Reduce chaos,

predict• Measurable• Mechanistic• Parts = whole• Statistical analyses• Researcher separate• Context free

Research Ethics

1) Do no harm (RC theory on violations)

2) Need outside approval (IRB, HSR)

3) Obtain informed consent and vol. part.

4) Guarantee anonymity or confidentiality

5) Share your caveats & funding source

6) Be aware of legal liability

7) Special considerations (access, deceit)