Public Speaking UNIT ONE: Introduction to Public Speaking

Public SpeakingPublic SpeakingUNIT ONE:

Introduction to Public Speaking

Today...Today...

Objective: To compare and contrast public speaking and conversation

Think-Pair-ShareThink-Pair-Share

How are conversation and public speaking alike? How are they alike? Brainstorm and organize your ideas in the Venn Diagram in your packet.

SimilaritiesSimilarities

Both require you to:

1. Organize your thoughts logically

2. Tailor your message to your audience.

3. Tell a story for maximum impact.

4. Adapt to listener feedback.

DifferencesDifferences

1. Public speaking is more highly structured.

2. Public speaking requires more formal language.

3. Public speaking requires a different method of delivery.

ApplyApply

With this in mind, what will you plan to do in your speeches throughout the course?

Developing Developing ConfidenceConfidence

Objective: Objective: To identify strategies To identify strategies that will help us build that will help us build

our confidence as our confidence as public speakerspublic speakers

Question: Question:

Why are so many people deathly afraid to speak in

public?

Top Ten FearsTop Ten Fears

10. Commitment

9. Spiders9. Spiders

8. Rejection8. Rejection

7. Failure7. Failure

6. Death6. Death

5. Intimacy5. Intimacy

4.The Dark4.The Dark

3. Heights3. Heights

2. Public Speaking2. Public Speaking

1. Flying1. Flying

Public Speaking Public Speaking AnxietyAnxiety

• Thought Patterns/Ways to Change

• Ways to Manage/Cope with Public Speaking Anxiety

• Homework: Develop a list of tips for yourself. Explain why you decided this is an important thing to keep in mind throughout this course.

Oral Communication Oral Communication skillsskills

Skill Effective Ineffective

Volume Clear, confident, appropriate volume

Tentative (shy), quiet, incoherent; difficult to hear or understand

PaceConsistently steady pace; no hesitation/minimal hesitation

Speaking too quickly, too slowly, hinders comprehension

Eye Contact Consistent/regular eye contact

Rare eye contact/no eye contact; facing powerpoint or reading directly from notes without looking up

Posture/Body Language

NODS (Neutral, Open, Defined Strong); Use of space

Slouched/poor posture; “closed” off

Emphasis/Inflection

Vocal Variety used to emphasize important points/arguments

Monotone

Diction Mature, precise language Verbal fillers (Umm, like, ya know)

Impromptu SpeechesImpromptu Speeches• An impromptu speech is a speech that you

deliver with little or no preparation.

• For our purposes, these impromptu speeches will be 1-2 min.

• Skill Focus for each speech.

• Please submit the rubric to Mrs. Wells when you head to the front to deliver your speech. (This rubric is based on the Senior Exhibition Rubric which is also in this packet on the last page).

Ethics and Public Ethics and Public SpeakingSpeaking

Objective: To understand Objective: To understand ethics and how they apply ethics and how they apply

to public speakingto public speaking

Question: Define ethics. How do you think they may be relevant in a

public speaking course?

Ethics are guided by…Ethics are guided by…

• Your Values

• Your Conscience

• Your Sense of Right and Wrong

Guidelines for Ethical Guidelines for Ethical SpeakingSpeaking

1. Make sure your 1. Make sure your goals are ethically goals are ethically

soundsound• What are you trying to

accomplish through your speech?• Big Tobacco

• Hitler

2. Be fully prepared 2. Be fully prepared for each speech.for each speech.

•Obligation to audience and yourself.

•Be fully informed on subject; RESEARCH

3. Be Honest in What 3. Be Honest in What You Say.You Say.

Do not:•Make up statistics

•Use a quote out of context•Portray a few details as the

whole story

2.Avoid Name-Calling 2.Avoid Name-Calling and Abusive Languageand Abusive Language

•Shoot for being politically correct.• Don’t damage your credibility

1. Put ethical 1. Put ethical principles into principles into

practice.practice.

Easy to talk about doing the right thing; following through on your

word is not always so easy…

What is Plagiarism? What is Plagiarism?

• Latin “Plagiarius” for “kidnapper”

• To present another person’s language or ideas as you own

• Story (Joe Biden)—page 38 in book

Global PlagiarismGlobal Plagiarism

• Stealing an entire speech (or paper) from another source and passing it off as your own.

• Buying papers online qualifies as global plagiarism.

• Most deceptive, blatant, and unforgivable kind!

Patchwork PlagiarismPatchwork Plagiarism

• Stealing from a few sources and piecing it together into one paper/speech.

Incremental Incremental PlagiarismPlagiarism

• Occurs when the speaker fails to give credit for particular parts—or increments– of the speech or paper that are borrowed from other people.

Avoiding PlagiarismAvoiding Plagiarism

• Give credit for directly quoted information!

• Say: “According to the Center for Disease Control….”

• Say “Martin Luther Kind once said….”

• Say “Dr. Stephen Lewis purports that …”

Avoiding PlagiarismAvoiding Plagiarism

• Give Credit for Paraphrased Information

• Paraphrase: Summarized info.

• State where you obtained any information, even if you’ve put it into your own words.

Four Types of Four Types of ListeningListening

Type of Listening Def/Example

Appreciative Listening

Listen for enjoyment; music, comedy, entertaining speech

Empathic Listening

Listen to provide emotional support; psychiatrist or friend listening to our problems and offering guidance

Comprehensive Listening

Listen to understand a speaker’s message; listening to a teacher’s lecture, listen to directions

Critical Listening

Listening to evaluate a message for the purpose of accepting or rejecting it; listening to a sales pitch or campaign speech

Causes of Poor Causes of Poor ListeningListening

• Not concentrating

• Listening too hard

• Jumping to conclusions (putting words into a speaker’s mouth)

• Focusing on delivery and personal appearance