Poultry Digest October/November 2010

PrintPost Approved PP243096/00007 ISSN 1444-8041

Volume 26, Number 2

October/November 2010

Historic broiler sheds resurrected for free range production

ControllingSalmonella viathe drinkingwater

Feedworks Coolum 2010 Nutrition Workshop

New fowl choleravaccine registeredin Australia

PoultryDigest

PDOctNov2010:PDFEBMAR09 16/11/10 4:38 PM Page 1

Drinking water administered live vaccine

Consult your veterinary advisor and visit our website

www.bioproperties.com.auPhone: (03) 9876 0567

Salmonella is a serious threat to poultry, consumers and the economic viability of poultry farms.

Thanks to Vaxsafe® ST, you can decrease the risk of Salmonella Typhimurium infection.

No need to walk onegg shells any more...

Stamp out Salmonella

POULTRY DIGEST, October/November 2010 3

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4 Feedworks Coolum 2010 Nutrition Workshop

The Feedworks Coolum 2010 Nutrition Workshop was held at the Hyatt Regency,Coolum on Septemer 8 to 10, 2010. The central theme of the event was ‘WasteNot Want Not – FCR, your productivity: our passion’.

18 WPSA and DEEDI Top of the Class Awards presented

On October 22, 2010 the Queensland Department of Employment, EconomicDevelopment and Innovation (DEEDI) and The World Poultry Science Association(WPSA) Queensland Branch, presented awards to the schools and their studentswho had participated in the Schools’ Poultry Education Competition Awards.

22 New fowl cholera vaccine registered in Australia

Fowl cholera (FC) is an infectious bacterial disease of poultry that is characterisedby sudden mortality and respiratory problems. Pfizer Animal Health has expandedits vaccine range for the Australian poultry market with the addition of PoulvaciPabac IV fowl cholera vaccine.

30 World Nutrition Forum 2010

Top international animal-health specialists and feed-industry experts met at theWorld Nutrition Forum 2010 to exchange knowledge on key trends in animal production, discuss Biomin’s NutriEconomics program and debate the major scientific, environment and leadership issues confronting the sector.

32 Australian Poultry Welfare Research Seminar

The Animal Welfare Science Centre (AWSC) recently presented a seminar at theDPI Victoria facilities at Attwood which looked at aspects of recent AustralianPoultry Welfare Research.

10 COVER STORy Historic broiler sheds resurrected for free range production

TJSingh is a contract broiler farmer with long and well established experience in theQueensland poultry industry. He acquired his first broiler farm in the Redlands areaof Brisbane from Inghams Enterprises. Now he is transforming his old sheds with thehelp of Martin Simmons from OEC into a free range farming operation.

26 HEALTH fEATURE Controlling Salmonella via the drinking water

New legislation by the EU aims at reducing Salmonella – the major cause of food-borne outbreaks – on poultry farms. The use of organic acids in the drinking watermakes dosing flexible and the product is easy to mix with all ingredients in crop,stomach and intestines.

42 PRATU SPEAK Egg shell quality and structure and food safety in the industry

A new project which has just started at UNE aims to identify to what extent defects inshell quality and structure increase the risk that bacteria on the outside of the egg shellcan enter the egg.

Martin Simmons from OEC.

October/November 2010Volume 26, Number 2

Contents

PoultryDigest

Drinking water administered live vaccine

Consult your veterinary advisor and visit our website

www.bioproperties.com.auPhone: (03) 9876 0567

Salmonella is a serious threat to poultry, consumers and the economic viability of poultry farms.

Thanks to Vaxsafe® ST, you can decrease the risk of Salmonella Typhimurium infection.

No need to walk onegg shells any more...

Stamp out Salmonella

PRODUCT NEWS44 Feedworks to distribute Novartis fly control products45 Mini Data Projectors add new dimension to presentations

4 POULTRY DIGEST, October/November 2010

The Feedworks Coolum 2010 NutritionWorkshop was held at the Hyatt Regency,Coolum on Septemer 8 to 10, 2010.

The central theme of the event was‘Waste Not Want Not – FCR, your productivity: our passion’.

Keynote speaker was nutritionist DrRob Van Barneveld, who though a pigindustry specialist, pointed out facts andevents that were just as relevant to thepoultry industry.

Dr Van Barneveld in his paper, “WhyFCR has become even more important,”firstly defined the increasingly complexdemands of consumers and retailers.

“FCR remains the primary measure ofefficiency and driver of profitability in live-stock production systems and with everyaddition ‘product credence value’ theimportance of FCR increases,” he said.

Dr Van Barneveld defined the conceptof sustainable development as being, “theability to meet the needs of the currentgeneration without compromising futuregenerations.

“Population, currently at over six billion will peak at 8 to 10 billion before2100 and we will need to manage for apeak population rather than a growing one.

“Best on current estimates of approxi-mately three billion more people globallyby 2050 we will need to increase currentfood production by 100% and we will haveto do this using current arable land andonly 1% additional land globally.”

We may also have to eat less, particu-larly in developed countries like Australia,Dr Van Barneveld warned. Food consump-tion Sydney for instance had risen on a percapita basis from .52 tonnes a year to 1.00tonne – a 92% increase!

“This phenomenon was attributable tofood packaging, lifestyle and retailing practice rather than an increase in theappetite of individuals,” he said.

“Our target in simple terms to meetglobal demand would be to double foodproduction and more than double efficiency;focusing on FCR and global energy balancewas a way to achieve these goals.”

Quoting statistics from his own industryDr Van Barneveld revealed that, “saving32g feed/pig/day worldwide (the result ofreducing FCR from 2.3 to 2.25) is equiva-lent to the energy requirements of 2.6 million people for 20 years.

“FCR is more important than ever andwill play a major part in assisting producersto stay viable even when satisfying evermore demands from consumers,” he said.

“We need twice as much food from thesame arable land mass – FCR drives effeciencies to realise that aim.”

“Even minor changes in livestock FCRhave major impacts on the global energybalance,” he said.

At the combined session on September9, the keynote speaker was Steve Wilsonpig and poultry diet specifications managerfor the UK’s leasing feed supplier BOCMPauls Ltd.

In his paper ‘Future challenges for theEuropean feed industry’, Mr Wilsonreviewed issues of genetics and nutrition,raw materials, the power of the retailer andlegislation and feed formulation (does onedrive the other?).

“Absolute growth rate of broilers isincreasing but with the increase in feedintake (30gms/bird) water intake increases(54 gms additional per bird) leading to 5.4tonnes of water in a 100,000 bird shed andposing obvious questions over litter condition.

“There was a need to react to growthrate and adjust diet and management to thebirds growth,” he said.

“We need to increase diet density butensure better diet digestibility through rawmaterial selection, enzyme use (Phytase,NSP, Protease) and grist.

On issues relating to raw material supply, Mr Wilson pointed to the OECDstatistics forecasting a 15% (298 milliontons) of extra feed grains being required inthe 10 year period from 2005/6 to2015/16.

The change in compounder use of rawmaterials from 1983 to 2009 recorded adrop of cereals in livestock diets from 44%to 39% with a proportional increase inoilseed and vegetarian by products over thesame period.

“Ethanol production will account forapproximately five million tonnes of a 14million tonne wheat harvest in the UK,” herevealed.

“There are some changes being madeunder EU legislation to the use of animalby products in livestock feeding but theyare, as Mr Wilson demonstrated, complexand highly prescriptive.

“Labelling laws are similarly complex,”he demonstrated.

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1. Dr Rob Van Barneveld. 2. SteveWilson from BOCM Pauls Ltd. 3. DrPeter Selle from Sydney University. 4. Dr Aaron Cowieson, University ofSydney. 6. Malcolm Mottram fromFeedworks, opened the conference.

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On the subject of a change in approachto feed additives largely driven by need tofind alternatives to AGP’s banned in theEU from 2006, Mr Wilson suggested that akey solution is likely to be related to guthealth with management of both environ-ment and diet using organic acids,enzymes, prebiotics, probiotics andbetaine.

“Food and feed safety were a majorconcern of food regulators with a focus onmicrobiological safety and cross contami-nation,” he said.

Finally, in speaking on a topic thatwould be a significance to Australian growers given recent events concerningColes recently announced welfare require-ments, Mr Wilson spoke of the power ofthe retailer seeking differentiation in themeat products they offered to ever moredemanding consumers.

“Key retailer demands concerned welfare, product quality, sustainability, carbon footprint, fear of the media (as inrecent UK cloning debates) and issues overGMO feeds,” he concluded.

Following the combined session,papers that covered ‘Key Topics thatimprove FCR’ in the ‘Health’ session followed.

Pierre Cronje is an R&D consultantwho specialises in applying advances inbiochemistry and physiology to developsolutions and products for intensive live-stock industries.

Apart from being an accomplished scientist, writer and speaker, Pierre Cronjehas the happy knack of being able to deliversometimes complex concepts in an under-standable and entertaining manner.

His overview address was ‘Foetal programming – the immune system – adouble edged sword’.

“Selection for high immune respon-siveness could impair growth rate in poultry,” he said.

Discussing research by Rauw,1998 intoimmune competence in poultry selectedfor high or low growth rates, broiler mortality at 42 days from high growth ratebirds was 10% whereas it was only 2% forlow growth rate birds, he revealed.

The final presentation of the day in thesession focused on Formulation Feeding toreduce FCR/costs was delivered by DougPearson from Feedworks Australia.

‘NIR On-Line – commercial case studies and how does this save money in afeed mill?’ was his topic.

“Online application allows NIR tofinally realise the truth of the informationit has been generating for the last few CONTINUED ON PAGE 46 w

v CONTINUED FROM PAGE 4 decades,” Mr Pearson stated.“The progression from the lab

benchtop to at-line measurement whencombined, with improved software anddiode array technology was delivering fargreater benefits through NIR to feed integrators.

“To obtain the greatest benefit fromany measurement taken, we need to be ableto react quickly and efficiently to anydetected changes which may effect qualityand consistency. Online (Real Time) is theonly way to achieve this,” he said.

On September 10 in the Monogastricsession, Dr Peter Selle from SydneyUniversity in his paper ‘Living withSorghum (A Moving-Target challenge formonogastric nutritionists and mill managers)’ reviewed recent research intodigestibility problems with sorghum.

“The variability of amino acid concen-trations and amino acid digestibilities insorghum is extreme,” he stated.

“Sorghum has changed,” he said andsupported this statement by quoting com-parison data from 1995 and 2005 harvests.

He then quoted the view of AlanCruickshank, a plant breeder with theQueensland Department of Employment,Economic Development and Innovation(DEEDI).

“Over the last 20 years or so the genetics of commercial hybrids haven’tchanged much.

“What has changed over that time isthe growing environment – both throughtrends in climate and the movement ofsorghum into more marginal environ-ments.

“Crops harvested in recent years wouldbe characterised by much more end of season stress than in previous decades,” wasMr Cruickshank’s opinion.

Dr Aaron Cowieson, a Scottish acade-mic with a wide interest in poultry nutri-tion came to the University of Sydney inJune 2010 as Associate Professor of PoultryNutrition and Director of the PoultryResearch Foundation at the VeterinaryScience Faculty.

His paper in the Monogastric session ‘Interactions between feed additives,digestibility, and the re- formulation ofdiets’, posed the question “Do we reallyunderstand what enzymes do and how touse them and, how do we best accommo-date enzymes in diet design?”

Dr Cowieson addressed the latter question in some detail including the issueof a caution in the removal of fat frompoultry diets.

“Fat has extra-calorific effects including

1. Dr David Cadogan, Feedworks withMichael Sommerlad. 2. Doug Pearson,Feedworks. 3. Pierre Cronje, R&D consultant. 4. Dr Marnie Mellencamp,Ralco. 5. Dr Gary Partridge, Danisco.

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Historic broiler sheds resurrectedfor free range production

By PETER BEDWELL

TJSingh is a contract broiler farmerwith long and well established experiencein the Queensland poultry industry.

‘TJ’ as he is known, came out fromBritain 25 years ago and acquired his firstbroiler farm in the Redlands area ofBrisbane from Inghams Enterprises.

Originally the farm, built in the 1950s,had been a breeder and then broiler

operation.When built, the curtain sided sheds

were considered ‘state of the art’ and werebelieved to be some of the biggest broilergrowing sheds anywhere in the world, oneshed being 160m by 14.6m, according toMartin Simmons, Managing Director ofOEC.

Originally the farm consisted of 10sheds built on two separate sites on the 170acre property.

Two of the sheds, one 100 metres x 14metres and 60 metres by 14 metres, werebuilt back to back and are ‘stepped’ inorder to maintain level floors on slightlysloping terrain – the rear shed being ametre lower than the front one.

Two more sheds are 156 metres x 14.6,big by today’s standards, and huge whenconstructed around 50 years ago.

Not long after TJ started running thefarm he contracted OEC to supply equip-ment for a new shed. That was more than22 years ago and Martin recalls it was oneof OEC’s first major contracts.

Since that time TJ has acquired threemore farms and OEC has grown to be a w

major equipment supplier to the commer-cial poultry industry.

Then a few years ago the state govern-ment SE Queensland Regional Plan camealong and it looked as if Redlands, one ofthe last large areas of agricultural land closeto Brisbane, would become yet anotherarea of residential development as SEQueensland’s population continues to growat a rapid pace.

Many poultry farms in the area,including TJ’s Redlands farm, wound downoperations in anticipation of redevelop-ment.

But, as often happens in state and localgovernment plans, conflicting interests collided with environmental and nativewildlife concerned groups, putting majorpressure on the government, developersand the poor farmers whose enterprises hadfor half a century helped to feed the grow-ing population of SE Queensland andnorthern NSW.

In the absence of any long term clearway forward, and in many cases after protracted legal battles, a compromise wasreached with authorities, whereby existing

TJ Singh’s old stepped broiler sheds are now being converted to free range sheds.

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farming operations, like broiler and layerfarms, were allowed to continue to operate.

So TJ decided to refurbish his oldsheds but transform them into free rangebroiler sheds for which purpose they areideally suited.

The sheds though old are large, wellspaced out, with plenty of space for birdsto ‘free range’ within extensive fenced-inareas.

So more than 22 years since opening aconventional shed on the Redlands farm,Martin and OEC were back transformingthe sheds for a new life and purpose.

As Martin points out, the structure ofthe sheds has remained robust despite theirage and if the birds are to be allowed frequent access to outside areas throughopen ‘pop hatches’, trying to maintain atypical tunnel ventilated environmentwould not be practical.

“So it made sense to improve the exist-ing shed design with modern equipmentand electronic aids,” Martin said.

When Poultry Digest visited the farm inlate September, birds were about to bedelivered in a few days and there was still ahell of a lot to do.

Torrential rain in SE Queensland as thebuilding crews were trying to restore theclay shed floors, didn’t help the process butprogress was being made.

The blend of new and old in thesesheds is quite remarkable.

Looking at the as yet unrenovatedsheds, illustrates how labour intensive theywere.

Skid Steer Bob Cats hadn’t made it pastdoodle drawings on designers’ sketch padswhen these sheds were built, but todayanything that clutters a clear floor areameans reduced efficiency.

TJ therefore had replaced the internalroof support columns with modern steelpurlins resulting in clear floor space with-out compromising building strength.

Winches for feeders, drinkers and sidecurtains that were originally manually operated, are now all powered and modernOEC 1/2 hp 6 bladed, 10,000 CFM circulation fans plus foggers operating at300 psi combine with new curtains tomaintain optimum climate conditions.

“New lights, IP 65 compliant, are dimmable and high pressure hose tolerant.LB White Gas heaters are winch mountedand can be lowered into warm areas to re-heat warm air thus saving around 30% onenergy,” Martin explained.

All the critical shed management systems are linked to Rotem Smart 8 controllers, and in the case of the dimmable lighting system, the 2 ChannelRotem RLD 14 Wireless ‘back to base’alarm/communication systems completethe 21st Century electronic aids to

1. Centre support pillars replaced by steel roof purlins. 2. OEC supplied feeder anddrinker winches. 3. Recyled OEC fibreglass 40 tonne silo (left). 4. LB White Gasheater and OEC supplied ventilation fans. 5. Waterproof dimmable lights for highpressure cleaning. 6: Rotem Smart 8 controllers and Rotem RLD14 back-to-basealarm/communications system plus dimmable lighting control.

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broiler farming.While recycling the sheds, Martin was able to reclaim a

number of his fibreglass 40 tonne silos, originally imported fromEurope more than 10 years ago, and still sound despite a longworking life.

Martin points out that there is still potential in old sheds,especially if they are converted to alternative systems like TJ’s freerange broiler operation and adding value through improving efficiency and labour saving equipment.

“There is the potential, by renovating older sheds, to minimise friction with existing neighbours or future residentialdevelopment.

“As consumers create demand for free range product there issome evidence that residents living near ‘alternative’ farms aremore tolerant of these farms than they are of intensive tunnel ventilated broiler sheds.

“Though this prejudice is often irrational in basis, there is little doubt that the lack of big powerful exhaust fans in upgradedgreen curtain sided sheds as well as some strategic planting of vegetation has the potential to reduce neighbour hostility,” Martinsuggested.

The upgrade of TJ Singh’s Redlands farm is still very much awork in progress but when completed it will be a significant supplier of free range broiler birds to Ingham Enterprises.

It is good to see that older farms like this, approached with amixture of contract grower determination and innovation by suppliers like OEC, can still become valuable entities both to theirowners and the ever changing food supply chain.

Sadly in an age of ever increasing complexity in the way weare governed and go about our businesses, it is inevitable thattheir will be the clash of interests like those that have occurredbetween environmentalists and existing owners of land and commercial farms in the Redlands area.

However, rather than be defeated by such challenges, TJSingh has done the best he could with the cards he held andreturned his old farm to production to suit a new era of consumerdemand.

There is some irony however in the fact that when it was firstbuilt around fifty years ago, this farm would have been at theforefront of poultry shed technology that transformed broilergrowing from small scale outdoor production to intensive indoorrearing.

With this change came the affordable chicken for everydayconsumption by Australia’s then booming population.

Now many consumers want not only affordable, safe andhighly nutritious chicken meat, they want the birds to be rearedwith access to the outdoors.

Farms like TJ Singh’s Redland property demonstrate that,through innovative renovation, the chicken meat industry canonce again meet consumer expectation.

Also throughout the farm’s long history, first as an Inghamsowned production facility, then as a contract grower operation,and now in its third phase as a free range farm, it has throughoutthat time been linked to Inghams Enterprises.

There are many reasons for recycling existing farms like theSingh Redlands operation.

Obviously cost saving is a major concern, as is the ability toavoid the hassles and pitfalls that are inevitable in building newsheds in areas subject to environmental and potential residentialdeveloper interests.

Martin Simmons points out the savings on a day to day oper-ation basis of renovating and converting an old farm over buildingnew sheds.

“The Redlands farm overall will be 25% cheaper per birdbased on 16 birds per square metre than tunnel sheds with similar

1 and 2: OEC side curtain winch system now powered not manual. 3. Pop doors allowing birds outside to outside foragingarea. 4. New doors complete the upgrade of first shed toreceive birds.

capacity,” Martin said.As for environmental concerns, the koalas living in the Redlands

corridor have got along with commercial farming in the region for atleast half a century so with a bit of consideration there is no reasonwhy they can’t get along in the future.

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wPSA and DEEDI Top of the Class Awards presented

On October 22, 2010 the QueenslandDepartment of Employment, EconomicDevelopment and Innovation (DEEDI)and The World Poultry Science Association(WPSA) Queensland Branch, presentedawards to the schools and their studentswho had participated in the Schools’Poultry Education Competition Awards.

The event took place at the DEEDIRedlands Research Station and were part ofa poultry industry career presentation seminar at which key members of theQueensland poultry industry mapped outcareer paths and options in our growingindustry.

Tanya Nagle, the project coordinatorand extension officer (poultry) explainedthe objectives of the project.

“There is a clear need to provide accurate and balanced information to thecommunity on poultry husbandry issuessuch as antibiotic use, welfare and currentresearch,” she said.

“We also aim to strengthen communityand consumer confidence in the poultryindustries and their products and promotethe industry as a sound career opportunityfor secondary school students.”

Queensland WPSA President AdamNaylor welcomed industry participants andstudents.

One of the key aims of the WPSA was,he said “to advance the knowledge andunderstanding of commercial poultry production with a focus on education,organisation and research”.

The high school project was started 11years ago in Queensland and Mr Naylorrecognised the contribution of Paul Kentwho, as a senior research and extension officer at Queensland DPI, put much effortinto establishing and maintaining the project.

“Thirty-six schools were involved inthis year’s competition and it continues togrow,” Mr Naylor said.

Peter Johnston, General Manager ofanimal science at DEEDI spoke of the longassociation of DEEDI with the WPSA andthe growth of the school’s participation inthe initiative to create awareness of thepoultry industry as a career option for students.

“We also recognised the contributionto the layer industry of Ivy Inwood whodied on 26th September 2010.”

Michael Choi, Queensland governmentMember of Parliament for Capalaba recog-

nised the importance of the commercialpoultry industry to the Queensland economy.

“It was,” he said, “a comparative new-comer to the mix of agricultural activitiesin the state with just three million chickensprocessed a year in 1950 but over half abillion processed a year today.”

Colleen Kleinschmidt, school to liaisonofficer – Agforce Qld, with her studentaudience clearly in mind, set about somemyth busting.

Her first point was that far from therebeing no jobs in agriculture and poultry inparticular there are in fact more than75000 peopel employed in the sector.

And, she stated, “there are serious skillshortages.

“There is also a perception that towork in agriculture you can’t live in a bigcity which just isn’t true,” she said.

“Also there are opportunities to workoverseas and in developing countries.

“You don’t necessarily have to haveentered an acemedic career to get a start inthe poultry industry. There are all levels ofpathways within the industry and oftencompanies will provide the educationalstructure to further a career,” she said.

Jodie Redcliffe, President of theQueensland Chicken Growers Associationand Steve Teitzel, Past President and nowVice President of the same organisation,defined the work of a contract broilerchicken grower in a still expanding and

Above: L to R, Michael Choi, State Member for Capalaba, Dr MarkRobinson, State Member for Cleveland and Peter Johnston, GM of animalscience at DEEDI, with some of the students from the 36 schools thatentered the competition, and Adam Naylor (centre) President of WPSA (Qldbranch) and Tanya Nagle (far right), project coordinator.

Top: Colleen Kleinschmidt fromAgforce, Queensland. Above:Steve Teitzel, Vice President of theQld Chicken Growers Council.

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The above reports have been prepared by us on information we have obtained and while we trust it to be correct, it is not guaranteed by us and prospective purchasers must rely on their own enquiries.

NEwSchanging industry.

“The increase in demand for free rangebroiler production which could exceed30% of total birds reared within two years,will present both challenges and opportuni-ties within the industry,” Mr Teitzel said.

Dr Angus Crossan, Program Managerfor R&D at the Australian EggCorporation Limited (AECL) told studentsthat the Australian layer sector was a motivating and friendly industry fulfillingan increasing and vital need to providegood and affordable nutritional values to agrowing population.

“Both the layer and chicken meatindustry have great feed conversion rates, avital factor as food and feed demandincreases globally,” he said.

Sarah Haberecht a technical officer atthe Darwalla Milling Company, thoughactive in research and working in the poultry industry, is also still a student.

She told students that she consideredlearning as a critical part of a person and inher case she was acquiring her qualifica-tions without actually attending universitybut by learning on the job while studyingin her spare time.

“Working on farms is more dynamicthan you might think,” she said.

“While working at Darwallah I havemanaged to create roles for myself withinthe organisation.”

Tanya Nagle wound up the formal

proceedings, then Peter Johnston andAdam Naylor presented the awards.

The winners, year 9 students fromKepnock State High School, had to delivera five minute presentation of their research,its aims and outcomes.

Their report follows this article.Following the seminar lunch was

provided by WPSA Queensland Sub-branch, Baiada Select Poultry, GoldenCockerel and Inghams Enterprises.

“Our Kepnock State High School trial isdesigned to investigate what type of feedsyou should give to laying hens to enhancetheir eggs. This is primarily determined byyolk colour.

Our trial involved using 18 layinghens. It enabled us to monitor closely theeffect of different supplementary feeds withsome accuracy. Our trial consists of six pens(1.8m x 1.27m). Each pen contains threehens in each. The hens are of the same ageand each pen contains the same feeder,waterer, nest and a roost and all pens arefed laying pellets along with one of ourselected variables.

The extra foods we have chosen are: • Pumpkin (Pen 6)• Sweet potato (Pen 2)• Cracked corn (Pen 4)• Cabbage (Pen 1)• Wheat (Pen 3)• And/or grass and weeds (Pen 5)

Groups of year nine students wereassigned to each pen to collect and monitoreach pen’s progress, along with feeding thehens the assigned food.

Each time the eggs were collected,results such as the amount of eggs laid, andwhen they were retrieved from the pen wererecorded. During the trial each group mea-sured and cracked open their eggs to deter-mine the yolk colour for each pen. Eachpen’s individual results will be comparedwith other pens for the overall trial results.

As shown by our results and data, thefeeding of pumpkin had a significant affecton the yolk colour of eggs – Roche colourfan – 12 to 14. Our other two yellowcoloured foods, sweet potato and crackedcorn also increased the yolk colour.

The use of cabbage did not prove thatgreen leafy vegetables will increase yolkcolour. Although the hens being fed wheathad the highest production rate, their yolkswere considered to be poor in colour –

Roche colour fan – 3. If we were able to isolate the carotene

from the pumpkin we believe it would be aperfect additive for chook feed. Feed pro-duce stores could sell it to egg productioncompanies and it would become a popularfeed for chickens. Farms would be able to sell theirreject pumpkins instead of leaving them torot in the fields or throwing them away.

By doing this trial we have gained agreater understanding of poultry husbandry, the relationship between dietand egg production and the ability to alteryolk colour through diet.”

Assignment written by Sunita Moss,Rachael Cox, Ashley McKinnon, TaylahDriscoll, Micaela Richter and GeorgiaDickie, representing Year 9 AgricultureStudies, Kepnock State High School.

Kepnock Agriculture would like to thankall the sponsors who enabled our students tohave a hands on experience.

An Egg-ceptional combination - Kepnock School trial

From Kepnock High School are (l to r) Michaela Richter, SunitaMoss, Rachael Driscoll, PennyAbell (teacher) and Georgia Dickie.Right: Paul Kent with JodieRedcliffe. Below right: SaraHaberecht from Darwalla and DrAngus Crossan AECL.

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For the best properties rh.com.auThe above reports have been prepared by us on information we have obtained and while we trust it to be correct, it is not guaranteed by us and prospective purchasers must rely on their own enquiries.

Agricultural AutomationPO Box 92, Dromana VIC 3936 Ph: +61 (3) 5987 2870 Fax: +61 (3) 5981 0876Email: info@agriculturalautomation.com.au

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New fowl cholera vaccine registered in Australia

Fowl cholera (FC) is an infectious bacterialdisease of poultry that is characterised bysudden mortality and respiratory problems.Great variation in the severity of outbreaksof fowl cholera can occur between flocks,locations, and outbreaks in the same location at different times.

Fowl cholera is caused by Pasteurellamultocida. The incubation period is 1-10days with rapid spread throughout theflock and farm.

The Pasteurella multocida can be intro-duced by direct contact with infected wildor domestic birds, but rodents are usuallythe main vector in disease introduction tothe farm and flock.

Experience demonstrates thatPasteurella multocida is capable of surviv-ing in dead carcasses of birds for weeks.Rodents are a particular risk because theyfeed on infected carcasses and continue tofurther carry and spread Pasteurella multo-cida. Once farm water or feed becomescontaminated, the disease spreads rapidly.

Another way to introduce disease to aclean flock is the purchase and introduc-tion of recovered birds from a flock affectedwith fowl cholera who are still carriers andtherefore a source of disease

Clinical signs may be:1) Peracute – sudden death before anyother signs of disease.2) Acute – sudden death. Very short periodwith clinical signs of discharge from eyesand mouth due to respiratory infection, eggperitonitis and there may be watery greendiarrhea present. 3) Chronic – often swollen wattle may bethe only sign, lameness due to infections ofjoints, inflammation and swallowingaround eyes and possible twisted neck (torticolis) due to middle ear infection.

Egg production and egg recovery isaffected.

After acute infection some birds remainchronically infected and act as a source ofinfection for other birds

Routine level 1 biosecurity measuresshould be used to prevent any infectiousdisease from entering a farm. This includesbut is not limited to the provision of dedi-cated farm clothing/footwear, the use offootbaths prior to shed entrance, exclusionof wild birds from sheds, minimisation ofrodents and appropriate rodent controlprogram, drinking water sanitation andpeople movement from youngest to older

birds areas or from cleanest areas first.(Refer to National Farm BiosecurityManual for Chicken Growers or similar.)

Small farms should also be encouragedto adhere to the principles of isolation, separation of age groups and should alsodevelop appropriate cleaning with disinfec-tion methods and vaccination programs.

One to two vaccinations with PfizerPoulvac i Pabac IV Vaccine will usuallystimulate immunity, but the level of immu-nity may vary due to bird management andconditions.

Vaccination is normally carried out atsix weeks of age or older and again fourweeks later.

The best way to control and eliminatefowl cholera is with biosecurity, rodentcontrol, hygiene, dead bird eliminationfrom the farm and vaccination. It is impor-tant to keep rodents and wild birds out.

Treatment with antibiotics (tetracyclineand sulphonamides) of the whole flock isoften too expensive.

Pasteurellosis is not a hatchery disease.Pfizer Animal Health is recognised

throughout the world as one of the leadingmanufacturers of high quality, effectivepoultry vaccines.

Drawing on its global expertise thecompany has expanded its vaccine rangefor the Australian poultry market with theaddition of Poulvac iPabac IV fowl choleravaccine which is a killed vaccine designedfor the vaccination of chickens and turkeysas an aid in prevention of disease due toPasteurella multocida (fowl cholera) type 1infection in chickens and types 3, 4 and3x4 in turkeys.

Fowl cholera is poultry disease distrib-uted and reported world wide. The diseasehas been reported in Australian poultryduring surveys in broilers, broiler breedersand laying hens (Grimes, 1975; Jackson etal., 1972; Reid et al., 1984) and in allAustralian States (Beveridge & Hart,1985). One of the world’s largest outbreaks

of fowl cholera in chickens with severemortality was reported here in Australia(Hungerford, 1968). The last reportedfowl cholera outbreak occurred in freerange chickens in Queensland as reportedby Zhang et al., 2004.

The disease is caused by Pasteurellamultocida. Australian based studies foundthat the Australian population of avianPasteurella multocida is very similar to thepopulation seen in other countries and thatthere is no obvious difference betweenAustralian and overseas poultry isolates ofPasteurella multocida isolates (Blackall etal., 1995 and Zhang et al., 2004).

The first publication on the serologicalcharacterisation of Australian avian isolatesof Pasteurella multocida was the work ofIreland et al. (1989) who reported thatmajority isolates were either serovar 1, 3 or3 cross-reacting with 4.

A later study by Blackall et al. (1998)reported presence of isolates 1, 3 and 4.This dominance of serovars 1, 3, 4 andserovar 3 cross-reacting with serovar 4 isrecognized as being the common in manyareas of the world. Poulvac iPabac IV is aninactivated Pasteurella multocida vaccineand contains avian isolates type 1, 3, 4 and3x4.

Poulvac iPabac IV vaccine has beenproven to be very effective overseas againstdifferent strains of Pasteurella multocida.The vaccine will be very effective aid inprotection against strong field challenges ofAustralian isolates of Pasteurella multocida.

The vaccine is for vaccination of chick-ens and turkeys six weeks of age or older atinitial vaccination. Repeat vaccinationshould be administered four weeks follow-ing initial vaccination. Dose for vaccinationis 0.5mL by subcutaneous injection underthe skin at the bottom of the neck, but notintramuscularly.

Duration of immunity in chickens is atleast 16 weeks post vaccination and inturkeys at least 6 weeks post vaccination.Birds should be in good health when vaccinated and not under any environmen-tal, physical or social stress. Sick or weakbirds will not develop adequate immunity.

Local reaction in the form of palpableswellings may be observed at the injectionsite in all birds for at least four weeks aftervaccination. These reactions do not requireany particular treatment.

References available on request.

“The best way to controland eliminate fowl cholera is

with biosecurity, rodent control, hygiene, dead birdelimination from the farm

and vaccination.”

Agricultural AutomationPO Box 92, Dromana VIC 3936 Ph: +61 (3) 5987 2870 Fax: +61 (3) 5981 0876Email: info@agriculturalautomation.com.au

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Salmonellosis is one of the most common causes of foodborne diseaseworldwide. In humans, Salmonella foodpoisoning typically causes acute gastroen-teritis, which is characterised by abdominalcramping, fever and symptoms such diar-rhoea.

In more serious cases, Salmonella canescape from the intestine and enter into thebloodstream and travel to other organs,leading to more severe consequences.

Most Salmonella infections are zoonoticand are transmitted from healthy carrieranimals to humans through contaminatedfood. The main sources of humanSalmonella infections are animal-derivedproducts, especially fresh meat productsand eggs. The majority of salmonellosisinfections are caused by poultry products(European Food Safety Authority, 2007).

EU legislationNew EU legislation focuses on

Salmonella control within the poultry production chain, and is aimed at thereduction of Salmonella-positive fl ocksand products. The main driver here isfinancially penalising poultry meat and eggproducers who have high levels ofSalmonella on the farm.

As of January 1, 2009, egg products arerequired to be free of Salmonella. Egg producers may not deliver ‘table eggs’ fromSalmonella-positive layer flocks, but needto be sold for industrial processing. ASalmonella-positive flock has a significantimpact on the producer’s income as industrial eggs have a lower value thentable eggs.

This further emphasises the importanceof Salmonella prevention.

To monitor the Salmonella status ofthe flocks, laying hen farmers have toanalyse their birds (swabs or overshoes)every 15 weeks from 22 weeks of age.

Beginning in January 2011, fresh poultry meat products are also required tobe free from Salmonella (EC-2160/2003).Products not meeting this criterion mayonly be sold after treatment as processedfood.

Furthermore, Salmonella prevalence inbroiler and layer flocks must be less than1% contaminated flocks per countryachieved in 2012. This may have a veryserious eff ect on the market situation asnational prevalence numbers may be usedas an import regulating tool with countrieshaving a high Salmonella prevalence beingbanned to export to countries with a lowerprevalence.

However, results of the 2007 EuropeanFood Safety Authority survey have shownthat prevalence levels are above 20% for theEU average, both in broiler and layerflocks. This indicates that serious improve-ments are necessary in most EU countriesin order to produce poultry meat and eggsin line with future legislation.

Salmonella control Salmonella is a Gram-negative faculta-

tive rod-shaped bacterium in the same pro-teobacterial family as E. coli, the familyEnterobacteriaceae.

The Salmonella family includes over2,300 serotypes of bacteria. These single-celled organisms are too small to be seenwithout a microscope.

Salmonella Enteritidis and SalmonellaTyphimurium are the two most commontypes and account for the majority of allhuman infections (US Department ofAgriculture, 2009).

Salmonella bacteria may enter the birdvia several routes like water, animal feed,farm personnel, the slaughtering process,litter, tranpsort, pests, housing and farmanimals. This has further complicationsregarding complete control of the bacteria.All these routes, however, do have one

HEALTH fEATURE

Controlling Salmonella via the drinking waterBy JACO EISSEN and MAARTEN VAN DER HEIJDEN, Trouw Nutrition International, The Netherlands

New legislation by the European Union aims at reducingSalmonella – the major cause of food-borne outbreaks – on poultry farms. The application of organic acids via drinkingwater offers a strong and flexible contribution to reduce andmaintain low levels of these bacteria. The use of organic acids inthe drinking water makes dosing flexible and the product is easyto mix with all ingredients in crop, stomach and intestines.

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Brilliant idea.And only from Big Dutchman.

Natura60 is THE new generation of aviaries for layers. The design concept integrates reduced management effort, significantly improving working conditions whilst at the same time increasing production reliability. Natura 60 features some very unique characteristics – which make for some very substantial advantages:

� ideal stocking densities achieved at a building height of 2.40 m� the aviary can easily be locked for the familiarisation phase to provide the hens with a perfect start into the laying phase and effectively prevent floor eggs� manageable group sizes thanks to partitions that are installed every 2.41 m � every second aisle remains free of litter, hens and manure, thus making the system perfectly accessible� gentle egg transport: only one level� system eggs can easily be collected

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Big Dutchman International GmbH · Germany · Tel. +49-4447-801-0 Fax +49-4447-801-237 · big@bigdutchman.de · www.bigdutchman.comBD Agriculture (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. · Tel. +60-3-33615555Fax +60-3-33422866 · bdasia@bigdutchman.com · www.bigdutchman.comAustralasian Agricultural Services Pty. Ltd. · Tel. +61-7-33960166Fax +61-7-33960266 · peter@ausagservices.com.au

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W A L K D O W N T H E A I S L E W I T H B I G D U T C H M A N

HEALTHthing in common – Salmonella enters the bird via the beak whereinfection may easily develop and spread through the intestinal tract.

Once infected, animals may develop into seeder birds thatexcrete high numbers of Salmonella via the faeces, thereby infectingother birds. In a control program it is important to avoid this cycleof infection and re-infection. It is therefore necessary to pay attention to all the main routes, and to focus on good hygiene, bio-security and management practices.

Organic acids useful Organic acids have shown to successfully help in the fight

against controlling Salmonella. After the ban on antibiotics in theEU, organic acids became popular and were used as one of themain replacements, also for the control of Salmonella.

Short chain fatty acids are said to be particularly eff ective inkilling gram negative bacteria such as Salmonella. Organic acidsmay be used for controlling Salmonella via the feed as well as viathe drinking water.

It has become a common practice to blend organic acids formaximum control. Each organic acid has its own physical andchemical characteristics, leading to a specific anti-microbial activity.

By combining acids in blends, the product develops a broadspectrum of anti-Salmonella activity leading to more effective control at a lower dosage.

Each serotype of the Salmonella family also has its own characteristics, which make it more or less sensitive to the effectorganic acids. A blend of organic acids can effectively control themain Salmonella families, with the difference that S. Enteritis is lesssensitive compared to S. Thyphimurium.

Organic acids may be partially buffered, thereby forming saltsin the product. This supports acids in working eff ectively, not onlyin the drinking water and feed, but also throughout the gastro-intestinal tract since part of the acids become available in the latterpart of the small intestine. In fact, buffered acid products arecombi-products used for controlling Salmonella both in drinkingwater as well as inside the bird.

The use of organic acids in the drinking water has additionaladvantages. Firstly, the flexibility in dosing means that it is easy toadjust the dosage when needed.

Secondly, organic acids via the drinking water easily mix withall ingredients in feed, stomach and intestines. With a regularintake of water throughout the day, organic acids may also supportthe bird’s system in fighting Salmonella that may enter the bird viaother routes.

Broiler and layer trials The effect of organic acids via drinking water on Salmonella

prevalence was tested in several experiments, with broilers as well aslaying hens. All products used were blends of short chain fatty acidsbuffered with amoonium hydroxide, starting with the drinkingwater and continuing via the feed into the intestinal tract. Trialswere done with laying hens with serious Salmonella problems overthe whole farm. Sampling revealed that not only manure sampleswere Salmonella positive, but also dust samples (cages) and samplestaken in ther feeding system. In such a farm, birds were constantlyat risk to become infected, or re-infected with the bacteria.

A laying hen operation has limited possibilities to reduce theroutes of Salmonella as treating with antibiotics is not allowed, andcleaning and disinfecting is not enough to make the flockSalmonella-free. This empasises the importance of Salmonella prevention.

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HEALTHIn the trial, manure samples were taken right at the beginning

before the trial began and at the end of both test periods. Resultsshow that the number of positive Salmonella samples decreasedwith the use of organic acids during a running laying hen opera-tion, cutting short a main cycle of infection and re-infection. Anintegrated approach was applied as application of organic acids viathe drinking water (Selko-pH) was combined with managementmeasures (HACCP). These broiler farms were followed over cycles,showing a clear decrease in the number of farms that tested posi-tive for Salmonella.

Organic acids via the drinking water may also be used for anend-of-pipe solution at Salmonella-positive broiler farms. Byapplying organic acids in the last period before slaughter,Salmonella presence in the crop may be tackled adequately. Thiswill reduce the spreading of Salmonella in the slaughterhouse andconsequently the number of contaminated carcasses (due to cross-contamination).

ConclusionThese studies demonstrate that organic acids via the drinking

water offers a strong contribution to reduce and maintain low levels of Salmonella at broiler and laying hen farms. Due to itsflexibility in dosing, application is relevant for prevention ofSalmonella as well as reducing Salmonella prevalence in a running(laying hen) operation. * References, tables and figures are available on request.

The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC)has instituted proceedings in the Perth Federal Court againstWestern Australian egg wholesaler, C.I. & Co Pty Ltd, and AntonioPisano and Anna Pisano who have traded under the business nameC I & Company (C I & Co), for alleged contraventions of theTrade Practices Act 1974.

The ACCC alleges that, by engaging in egg substitution, thewholesaler has breached sections 52, 53(a) and 55 of the Act.

The ACCC seeks declarations, injunctions and orders for costsagainst all parties, corrective notices by Antonio Pisano and AnnaPisano, and an order imposing a civil pecuniary penalty on AntonioPisano.

Egg industry across Australia have suffered from rumours andinnuendo concerning the practice of egg substitution, particularly inthe free-range sector.

This uncertainty has led to consumer scepticism flourishingresulting in a level of community distrust in egg producers and theindustry. This investigation demonstrates the consequences for egg businesses who may believe that they can profit from devious practices.

AECL anticipates that this action will act as a warning to anyegg business considering such deception, and will help to reassureconsumers that this is not acceptable practice within the Australianegg industry.

For more information, please contact James Kellaway on (02)9409 6906.

ACCC cracks down on wAegg wholesalers over freerange claims

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world Nutrition forum 2010

Special tribute to Ivy Inwod

Top international animal-health specialists and feed-industryexperts met at the World Nutrition Forum 2010 to exchangeknowledge on key trends in animal production, discuss Biomin’sNutriEconomics program and debate the major scientific, environ-ment and leadership issues confronting the sector.

The 4th World Nutrition Forum took place in Salzburg,Austria from October 13 to 16 2010, bringing together more than700 delegates from more than 70 countries for wide-ranging discussions and expert talks on the most important trends in animal husbandry, nutrition and feed.

As one of the industry’s most prominent scientific and opinion-leading events, the WNF is a platform for stimulatingdebate on the challenges encountered in world-wide animal production, shedding light on new scientific developments, as wellas encouraging discussions on global animal-husbandry and feed-sector strategy.

“This is a platform for exchanging knowledge and buildinglong-term, sustainable relationships,” said Erich Erber, theChairman of Biomin, in his opening speech at the Forum.

“We are inviting industry representatives, scientists and othersto work together on shaping the future of our industry here.”

The main highlights of the bi-annual discussions includedkeynote speeches by Erich Erber and Red Bull Air Race WorldChampion Hannes Arch, who detailed how they deal with risk and

uncertainty (Expect the Unexpected); followed by a session on corporate responsibility and global food-supply security (theDilemma of Responsibility), featuring World Bank Economist JimSmith.

The first day was rounded off with a panel discussion on theunseen threat of Mycotoxins and expert talks on key industry trends.

Day 2 of the WNF focused on the scientific developments shaping the future of animal nutrition and production (BreakingNew Ground) and Biomin’s NutriEconomics Program, which isdesigned to raise efficiency by concentrating on effective nutritionalstrategies, good business practice and sustainable resource use.

The 2010 Forum not only talked innovation, but showcased itdirectly with the presentation of the B.R.A.I.N. (Biomin Researchand Innovation Network) Award to Todd Applegate, Professor andextension poultry specialist at the Department of Animal Science atPurdue University, USA.

There was also a session presenting more than 120 posters featuring the work of scientists researching in the animal nutritionfield. For more information about this event please visit: www.worldnutritionforum.info

Above: The Biomin Research and Innovation Networkaward is presented to Todd Applegate from theDepartment of Animal Science at Purdue University USA.

It is with great sadness that the Australian Egg Corporation Limited(AECL) has reported the passing of a well known identity of theAustralian egg industry.

Ivy Inwood of Oakey Queensland passed away suddenly inBrisbane on September 26, 2010 at the age of 68. Ivy was a founda-tion Board member of AECL, an active participant on AECL committees and a tireless worker for the egg industry. She was characterised by her commitment, passion and dedication to the eggindustry which was testament of her character. This led her tobeing awarded the Lindsay Bell Award in 2008 for services to theegg industry.

Ivy’s first priority was the welfare of her birds. In the 1960s shefought the Queensland Egg Board to get the term ‘free-range’,recognised as a specific category of egg. She also fought hard for‘truth in labelling’. Ivy will be sadly missed by all.

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Australian Poultry welfare Research Seminar

The Animal Welfare Science Centre(AWSC) recently presented a seminar atthe DPI Victoria facilities at Attwoodwhich looked at aspects of recentAustralian Poultry Welfare Research.

The AWSC comprises four collaborat-ing partners, the Department of PrimaryIndustries Victoria, The University ofMelbourne, Monash University and TheOhio State University and conductsresearch into:-• Welfare methodology to develop and validate appropriate strategies to measureanimal welfare• Housing and husbandry effects on animalwelfare• Attitudinal effects, notably the effects ofthe attitudes of animal handlers and ownerson the welfare of their animals and also theeffects of community attitudes on consumer and community behaviour• Tertiary, post-graduate and industrytraining.

Through these programs, the AWSCaims to inform government and industry inthe development of animal welfare policyand appropriate management procedures.

Paul Hemsworth, Director of theAWSC, University of Melbourne openedthe seminar and defined the aims of theevent.

Phil Glatz, Senior Research Scientistwith the South Australian Research and

Development Institute gave an update onbeak trimming research and alternatives tothe practice.

The infrared method of beak trimmingdeveloped in the USA is an innovative procedure and results in lower mortality,however further refinement of the infraredmethod is required to reduce the incidenceof neuromas in the beak stump.

Dr Glatz also discussed a range of dif-ferent products that might be used as repel-lents in poultry to suppress feather pecking.

Joanna Engel, a PhD Student withAWSC, University of Melbourne gave avery informative presentation which considered non-invasive measures of stressin poultry.

Blood sampling of laying hens usingthe most common procedure, venipunctureof the brachial vein, is invasive and canpotentially cause a rapid corticosteroidresponse if the sample is not collectedquickly enough. Joanna went on to discussnon-invasive alternatives to measure corticosterone in both the egg and faeces.

Greg Cronin, from the University ofSydney gave a very considered round-up ofAustralian research into nest boxes for laying hens and their effects on hen behav-iour and stress physiology.

Results from a large experiment suggested that while the nest box was usedby the majority of hens as their preferred

egg laying site, the choice to not lay in thenest box did not seem deleterious to henwelfare. Indeed, the results suggested thatthe relationship between pre-laying behaviour and hen welfare is not wellunderstood. For example, increased pre-lay-ing activity seemed to be indicative ofreduced stress in laying hens in cages,rather than the intuitive relationship ofbeing indicative of poor welfare.

The AWSC is a world leader in thestudy of human – animal relationships andLauren Edwards from the AWSC,University of Melbourne looked at oppor-tunities to improve this important relation-ship in poultry.

Lauren detailed research that hasshown has shown that reducing fear ofhumans in laying hens reduces the escaperesponses these birds exhibit and may leadto welfare improvements during both production and depopulation.

Peter Groves, a researcher from theUniversity of Sydney was the final speakerfor the day and gave a thorough run-downon the issue of lameness in meat chickens.Peter discussed the complex aetiologies ofleg weakness and lameness in the modernbroiler chicken, including factors relatingto genetics, nutrition, infection, manage-ment and environment.

He went on to discuss a novel, objec-tive and simple method to assess leg weak-ness, the Latency To Lie test, which usesthe chickens natural aversion to water as ameans of assessing it leg comfort or pain.

The seminar was attended by a diverserange of delegates, including participantsfrom industry, government, welfare advocacy groups, research providers and theretailing sector.

Full presentations from all speakers canbe accessed at the AWSC website:www.animalwelfare.net.au/comm/comm01

Joanna Engel, PhD student fromMelbourne University.

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Alltech provides platform for young scientists to succeed

wPSA and PoultryScience Symposium

Entering its sixth year, the Alltech YoungScientist Program is offering the opportunityfor students with an interest in the field ofscience to blossom.

This innovative contest gives collegeco-eds the chance to be recognized and winprizes for their writing of topics dealingwith animal feed technologies.

“Education begins with children, but itshouldn’t stop there,” said Dr Pearse Lyons,President and Founder of Alltech.

“The Alltech Young Scientist Programensures that students pursuing degrees inscience are recognised. This program hascontinued to have an increase in entriesevery year with our goal being 50,000entries in the next few years.”

Michael Steele, from the University ofGuelph in Canada, was the 2010 graduatewinner and won with a groundbreakingresearch paper that examined the molecularmechanisms underlying rumen epithelialadaption to high grain diets in dairy cattle.

“Winning this award has inspired andmotivated me to strive for research excellence. Alltech has provided the perfectplatform for young scientists to be rewardedfor their hard work,” said Steele.

2010 undergraduate winner Lee AnnHuber, also from the University of Guelph,carried out important new research exam-ining amino acid use in swine diets, specifically the previously ignored area ofoptimal ratio of isoleucine to lysine in pig

starter diets. Huber stated about the program, “The

Alltech Young Scientist program is anunmatched opportunity to improve yourwriting and presentation skills as well asdiscuss animal science and nutrition withworld renowned researchers. Every personhas unique ideas and the potential toimprove the face of nutrition research.”

To participate, students must write ascientific paper based on a topic about animal feed technologies.

Undergraduate students’ papers mustbe 3000 words in length and graduate students’ papers must be 5000 words inlength. Papers must be submitted throughthe template software available on www.alltechyoungscientist.com

The first phase of the 2011 programwill include a competition within eachcompeting country.

The winners of each local competitionwill move on to a regional phase and theregional winners will compete in the globalphase. Papers in all languages are accepted.The deadline for submission is December31, 2010.

All regional winners will receiveroundtrip airfare, accommodations and registration to Alltech’s InternationalAnimal Health and Nutrition Symposiumin Lexington, Kentucky, USA in May 2011.

At Alltech’s Symposium each studentwill prepare a presentation on their paper.

There will be two winners selected atAlltech’s Symposium, one graduate studentand one undergraduate student.

The global undergraduate winner willbe awarded $5,000, and the global graduate winner will receive $10,000.

The 22nd Australian Poultry ScienceSymposium will be held February 14-16,2011 in the Veterinary Science ConferenceCentre, University of Sydney.

The theme is ‘Tangible Solutions fromInnovative Poultry Science’, the spirit ofwhich is to balance cutting-edge sciencewith practical application.

Keynote speakers include Prof EdMoran, Prof Roselina Angel, Dr RobertMoore, Dr Mario Penz, Dr Mike Gidley,Dr Peter Selle, Dr Greg Parkinson, Prof.Avigdor Cahaner, Dr Jody Higgins,Dominic Elfick, Dr Peter Groves, Dr PierreCronje and Prof Sebastian Borges.

Themed sessions include ‘Managementof Bird Health Through Good Nutrition’and ‘Opportunities and Risks Associatedwith Modern Genotypes’.

The Symposium Dinner will return tothe Taronga Zoo which was such a greatsuccess this year.

Three special themes for VIV Asia 2011

If the current stream of exhibitors confirm-ing their participation or requesting largerstand space is any indication, then VIVAsia 2011 seems set to surpass all previouseditions.

The Feed to Meat event in Bangkokforms the preferred meeting place for visitors. And not only from Asia – keydecision-makers from Europe, Russia,Africa and the Middle East areplanning to attend VIV Asia2011. This is very good newsfor many exhibitors who werealso present at VIV Europe2010. It appears that VIV Asiais well on the way to makingup for the significant numbersof visitors who were unable totravel to Utrecht due to theairport closures in April 2010.

With still another fivemonths before the opening,this leading trade show for theAsia-Pacific animal productionand processing industriesalready has a larger surfacearea (nearly 14,000 m2) thanthe previous edition in 2009(12,800 m2) with an evenmore diversified range ofexhibitors. Up until earlyNovember almost 500exhibitors had registered totake part. This is considerablymore than two years ago inthe same period. The VIVAsia 2011 dates are March 9to 11, 2011, at the BangkokInternational Trade &Exhibition Centre BITEC.

VIV Asia has beenenhanced with the addition ofthree special themes;Feedtech-Croptech Asia,LAB@VIV Asia andChinaVisions.

In addition, the new tradeshow Aquatic Asia will bestaged in co-location withVIV Asia. VIV Asia presentsthe entire Feed to Meat supplychain.

The conference programwill provide detailed coverageof all the sectors of the tradeexhibition concept and thespecial events.

VNU Exhibitions Europe,

the Netherlands, is staging the event incooperation with NCC ExhibitionOrganizer NEO, Thailand. The organizersare targeting visitor groups throughoutAsia-Pacific, the Middle East and SouthAfrica.

Ruwan Berculo, Project Manager Asia-Pacific at VNU Exhibitions Europe saidVIV is well-known for being the most

international B2B event for the worldwideindustries for animal production and processing.

“VIV Asia and VIV Europe are part ofthe Champions League for internationalevents in our industries. With VIV Russia,VIV China and VIV India we have gainedclear market positions, resulting in attract-ing key buyers to these events. At the forth-coming VIV Asia we expect a total of20,000 visitors from 95 countries. Pre-registration closes on March 11.”

For more information: www.viv.net

“Simons is backed by world leadingmanufacturers of green energy equipment:our core business is in the delivery of sustainable, energy efficient technologies.

“The installation of our products willqualify for renewable energy credits andrebates (Federal and State), subject to meet-ing certain criteria,” he said.

“In contrast to fossil energy sources,renewable and low carbon energies rely oninexhaustible sources and they can be usedfor power, heating and cooling generation.

“Specifically, we provide products andsolutions for cogeneration, trigeneration,waste heat power generation, then we havesolar power generation and hot wateroptions as well as solar desalination andhigh efficiency hot water boilers.

“In looking at the industries that couldbest make use of our technologies it cameto our notice that the growing poultry sector has high energy requirements andproduces significant volumes of wasteproduct thus making it an ideal candidatefor our energy solutions.

“We also realise that farms, particularlyin the broiler sector are getting larger, ornumbers of independent farms are clumping in areas where local governmentsfavour development of intensive livestock operations.

“This creates the economy of scalewhere large farms or groups of smallerfarms could benefit from waste poweredcogeneration power plants,” Mr Simonssuggested.

Henryk Silwa is the Business Managerfor Simons Green Energy and has an extensive knowledge of the specific equip-ment available to his customers and thebest combinations to achieve cost effective long term answers to power andwaste problems.

“Seva Energie AG is a German basedcompany specialising in the manufacture ofpackaged cogeneration systems and offers arange of electrical power and heatingoptions from 50kWe to 3000kWe,” MrSilwa explained.

“The internal combustion power unitsof the Seva Energie units can operate on arange of fuel sources including natural gas,biogas, vegetable oil, landfill and mininggas.

“The Gas combustion engines havebeen specifically developed for gas operation and using high grade com-bustible gases such as methane (CH4) produces a high degree of efficiencythrough clean combustion and a goodCO2 balance,” he said.

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Simons Green Energy

Simons Green Energy is part of theRosebery NSW based group of Simonscompanies, first established in 1932, thatcontinues a tradition of providing reliableenergy solutions to Australian industry.

“The company’s business was originallybased on boiler technology but has progressed to cater for the needs of a widerange of Australian industry and public

infrastructure that increasingly requirecleaner and more sustainable power andenergy systems,” explained Derek Simons,Managing Director of Simons GreenEnergy.

“We have established proven expertisein sustainable small scale power, steam andhot water generation as well as desalinationoptions.

“Of great relevance to the poultry industry and for broilerfarms in particular, would be our wood gasification equipment thattransfers wood based waste into an easily manageable gas fuel.

“This equipment is ideally suited to biomass resources spreadover extensive areas that can be costly to transport,” Mr Silwa said.

“Energy costs are going up and will continue to rise both nowand in the future and though governments struggle at all levels tofind the balance in satisfying the need for emission reductionswithout dramatically increasing energy costs to the community, itis clear solutions have to be found,” Mr Simons said.

“We could help to provide answers for growing industries likecommercial poultry farming to futureproof their businesses,” hesaid. For more information go to www.simonsgreenenergy.com.au

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water treatment solutions

Integra Water Treatment Solutions is the largest Australian-ownedand operated water treatment provider. The company says its service first approach to everything it does, innovation and continuous improvement are core to its business.

Service includes:• On-site monitoring of systems and equipment • Electronic reporting direct from site (digital pen system) • Management by exception reporting • Documented water treatment program for each site • Training package for site supervisors and operations managers • Priority on communicating issues as soon as they arise • Pro-active assessment and testing of new technologies • Optimising water systems for maximum energy savings • Provider of water treatment training and education seminars • Monthly summary report from dedicated Account Manager • Safety of your staff and our staff paramount • Environmentally friendly water treatments

Integra has local offices in Adelaide, Melbourne, Canberra,Sydney, Newcastle, Brisbane, Perth, Mildura and Tasmania and canprovide service to metropolitan areas and remote corners of eachstate.

The company is the most diverse provider of water treatmentproducts and services with nearly 20 years serving the market. Itcan deliver solutions across the widest range of treatment types andindustries with highly experienced technical staff.

Integra works with TwinOxide Australia and Trans Wash toprovide excellent cleaning and disinfection technology to the poultry industry.

The company says TwinOxide is a leading-edge technology andapproved to the highest regulatory standards.

“Traditionally, microbial contamination has been controlledusing chlorine. However, for an increasing number of industries theuse of high levels of chlorine in process water is no longer permitted,” according to company information.

“In others the negative health effects and damaging environ-mental impact of chlorine by-products are giving serious rise forconcern.

“TwinOxide is an effective and affordable solution for the control of microbial contamination in hot and cold water services,potable supplies, cooling water, process waters, waste water andeffluent across a wide range of applications where microbial controlis essential.

COMPANy PROfILE

In recent times we have seen a big move towards eggs from noncaged systems. This includes free range and barn production. Thishas been pioneered in Europe and very specifically in the UK.

It has been led by consumer preference for eggs produced frommore welfare friendly systems. This is now happening in manycountries around the globe and in Australia we see the increaseddemand for eggs produced from non-caged systems.

Potters Poultry is based in the UK and has been manufacturingpoultry equipment for more than 40 years. It is a family farmingbusiness currently run by the second generation of the family.

Along with its manufacturing facilities the company has manyrearing farms, producing in excess of one million pullets a yearspecifically for the free range market.

This back ground has helped in the development of all the systems made, which are based on sound knowledge and experi-ence, specifically looking at welfare and ease of use for the birdalong with strength, durability and ease of management for thefarm worker. With many other countries following Europe thisfamily farming background is used to offer experience and knowl-edge to the expanding free range and cage free market around theWorld.

Potters now only specialises in non-caged systems for breedersand egg production consisting of aviary/free range rearing equip-ment. Strong automatic nests and multi tiered aviary systems for

maximising building space and numbers while giving the bird all itsnatural requirements such as perching, dust bathing, stretching itswings and freedom of movement and allowing the bird to lay its eggsin strong comfy nests.

With the market moving rapidly towards cage free egg production there are many areas to look at and potential problems tobe avoided.

This is where Potters helps its customers and distributors fromthe rearing of the birds to the housing and management of the pullets in the laying systems. The success of the company has beenbuilt on by not only producing high quality equipment but friendlysound advice from its family farming background to producers allover the world.

RearingIt is very important when producing pullets for the non-caged

systems to ensure they have been specifically reared for this purpose.If caged reared birds are used then many problems will occur, in lackof movement, higher mortality and potentially large numbers of flooreggs. The birds must be trained from an early age to be able to walkaround a building and be used to jumping between different levelsand finding food and water at different levels. This will produce astrong active bird ready for housing in its laying quarters.

The Avirear system produced by Potters allows the birds toexplore different levels of the rearing system from an early age and issuited for birds going into aviary systems.

For rearing free range birds going into nests and slats it is alsoimportant to have staging in the house to encourage the birds to gobetween levels. Potters also produce a simple rearing system suitablefor existing rearing houses, which can also be easily moved betweenhouses and different flocks for the economic use of rearing space.

NestsThe success of a free range nesting system is not to think cages.

Many people in the early days housed birds at high stocking densitiesand with a cage management mentality. It has been well proven thatworking on lower stocking densities will give production levels comparable to any cage system.

The nests and slats produced by Potters are designed forstrength and easy management of the birds. They are constructed of18mm coated ply in all areas with no hidden parts where red mitecan breed and harbour muck and dust.

The thickness of the walls offers good insulation in the nest forboth hot and cold conditions. The strong rack and pinion liftingfloors ensures all birds are expelled from the nests with maximumease and the nest floor stays clean for the reduction of dirty eggs. It

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Potters: Easy to manage welfare friendly egg laying systems

has also been shown that the lifting floorsystem will reduce the incidence of broodyhens.

The eggs roll onto a self adjusting, sin-gle 500mm wide egg belt which is strongand easy to manage. There are internallights in the system designed for the train-ing of the birds to the nests.

In designing the houses it has to beeasy for the birds to get from one side ofthe house into the nest with no obstacles.To this end the feeding systems is designedto be either on the slats with a small Aframe support or fixed in a perch frame.The drinkers are sited near the nests so thebird goes to eat drink and lay.

The slats produced by Potters are totheir own design and manufacture and areprobably the strongest slat on the market.So being easy for the bird to walk on andkeep clean especially if entering the housefrom outside in wet muddy conditions.They are also very strong and easy for thefarm manager to walk on.

These slats form an effective pit for themanure and can either be used in 2/3rd ofthe house giving a scratch area of 1/3 ortotally slatted, which is a popular systemfor Australia where it is not a requirementto provide the scratch area. These are easilyremoved on clean out. These systems aresuitable for new houses, conversations andmobile houses.

Nests can be made to many specifica-tions. Either single or double tier and alsomounted on the wall. This enables the producer to decide on the best system tosuit the house, maximising the layoutwhether it is in a new building or convert-ing old caged houses or broiler houses.

AviaryAnother area which has expanded

rapidly in recent years is the use of multitiered aviary systems. These allow for max-imising floor space and stocking levels in ahouse and is suitable for house conversionsfrom cages as well and new purpose builthouses.

The avitier system manufactured byPotters is designed for all houses. It is amodular system so can be adapted to suitdifferent lengths and widths of buildingsold and new.

The system is very open and welfarefriendly and the birds can move easilybetween tiers and to the nests. It is built ona single leg to minimise hindrance for thebirds and allow for 100 % usage of thefloor area.

All tiers are clearly visible from thefloor by the farm staff allowing easy catch-ing and handling of the birds and for goodwelfare management. With the open system it is also easy to maintain good biosecurity on clean out. The nests are built in

a single line allowing the birds to migratefrom the multitier system to the nests. Theeggs then all go to one single collectionpoint in the front of the house.

Aviary systems need good effectivelighting systems. This is to minimise theincidence of floor eggs and to help thebirds go to the nests to lay the eggs. TheAvitier system has lights on all levels.

This allows for good illumination ofthe building and in conjunction with thehouse lights is used to draw the birds intothe house and up on to each level of

perching area. The nest system has built ina low level centre light system this is usedto train the birds to the nests and to makethe right environment for the bird to laysher egg.

With flexible systems it is possible toconvert all suitable building for the pro-duction of free range or barn eggs.

When converting from cages or oldbroiler houses to building new. The bestsystems are designed to suit the needs andcapital costs of the farm involved and tomaximise bird numbers.

Feed Extenderfor poultry feeding systems

Reduce waste and increase performance with the feed panextender (patent pending).Fits most popular feed pan designsEasy to installSaves a minimum of 10gm of feed per bird per day,improving performance in layer sheds 100% return on cost in 42 days (typical shed conditions)

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Retirement leads to egg producing opportunity

This is a chance to purchase one of the bestegg producing poultry farms inQueensland. The 130 acre property hasbeen in the hands of the current owners for26 years and the owner now wishes toretire as the family has grown up and leftthe roost.

The farm is located five minutes drivefrom the Warwick CBD near the junctionof the Cunningham and New EnglandHighways and is approximately two hoursdrive to Brisbane, two hours drive toLismore and one hours drive toToowoomba.

Warwick has a population of 23,000and has an average maximum temperaturerange of 18 to 30 deg which is the idealtemperature for poultry production – thetown has excellent facilities for raising afamily with:-• Modern child minding, primary, secondary & TAFE schools both state andprivate.• Large hospital, medical and ancillary services, dental and optical practices• Ambulance base and access to AirAmbulance service to Brisbane hospitals• Beautiful landscaped town, parks largeshopping centre• Major transport companies servicing distribution for the Darling Downs andAustralia

• One of the largest employer in the districtBIG W Woolworths Distribution Centre • Two abattoirs and large council sale yards• Three major poultry feed productioncompanies in Warwick and district

The farm is located only five minutesto the Warwick CBD and would make anexcellent family or extended family farm,as the lovely old Queenslander home issuitable for a very large family.

Potential base for an egg producingcompany to extend their operation intoQueensland, the farm will have 100,000laying hens under 40 weeks of age inNovember this year. The sheds and cages

are all compliant with the current regula-tions, grading, packing and storage equip-ment is modern and in excellent condition.

Also included in the sale is all necessaryequipment for the operation of the farm,the brand, packaging stock, marketing andcustomer base.

The 130 acres has been partiallycleared and includes some shedding structure for further expansion for another99,000 birds. Water is provided by a stockintensive bore, with town water only ashort distance from the farm if required.

If further information required, pictures or inspection do not hesitate tocontact Trevor Devine, Raine & HorneWarwick 0429 618 209. Website:www.rh.com.au – property ID 3038570.

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Email: poultry@grifco.com.au Website www.grifco.com.au

Assistant Manager(Rear or Production Farms)Aviagen is the world’s leading poultry breeding company, producing and selling day old broilerbreeder grandparent and parent chicks to supply customers in 120 countries around the world.Aviagen Group is a global business and we have wholly owned operations in Europe, USA,Brazil, Australia, New Zealand and India and joint ventures in Europe, Asia, Turkey and South Africa.Aviagen Australia is a relatively new part of this global organization with grandparent operations (GP), located at Ringwood Road, Coleambally. Due to a departmental restructure we are now recruiting a number of self motivated and organized Assistant Farm Managers to assist in the day to dayoperation of the site.Reporting to the either the Rearing or Production Manager these positions are hands on management posts and they will play a key role within the existingmanagement team at Coleambally. Primary duties of the position include:• Enforcing strict bio-security policies set out by senior management.• Day to day management of all aspects of a modern broiler breeder unit including bird welfare, bodyweight management, feeding practice, drinkermanagement, lighting and ventilation control. • Management of individual flocks to achieve excellent biological performance and the maximum number of clean, fertile hatching eggs. • Line management responsibilities for permanent and casual employees, including work planning, staff welfare and development.• Report Repairs and Maintenance requirements• Ensure Aviagen Health and Safety policies and procedures are followed at all times.Skills and experience required:• Excellent bird husbandry skills and poultry management knowledge demonstrable by past achievements in a similar position of no less than 3 years.• Excellent communication skills with well developed interpersonal skills are a must• Analytical and practical problem solving skills are essential• Excellent Planning, Organisational and Leadership skills• Demonstrated ability to search for continuous improvements• A good level of computer literacy• Applications with a formal qualification in poultry or animal science are welcomed.The hours of work are based on 38 hours a week however weekend work and additional hours may be required to meet the operational needs of the business.

All applications will be treated in the strictest confidence. Applications close Monday, 29th November, 2010. Initial applications are required with a cover-ing letter and detailed CV including referee contact details to Rebecca Ford, Aviagen Australia Pty Ltd PO Box 1047, Griffith, NSW 2680 or by e-mail torford@aviagen.com Only people with the right to work in Australia may apply for this position. For advice on obtaining Australian work or residence visasvisit the Australian Immigration Service website.

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PRATU SPEAK

Egg shell quality and structureand food safety in the industry

By JULIE ROBERTS, AnimalScience, School of Environmental& Rural Science, UNE

Anew project is just commencing in mylaboratory at the University of NewEngland, funded by the Poultry CRC.

This project is titled ‘Eggshell qualityand risks of food borne pathogens’ andcommenced in mid September.

The project aims to identify to whatextent defects in shell quality and structure

increase the risk that bacteria on the out-side of the egg shell can enter the egg.

My co-workers on this project are DrKapil Chousalkar of Charles SturtUniversity, Wagga Wagga and Mr RowlyHorn of Rowly Horn Services.

An Industry Steering Committee willoversee the project to ensure that it is asrelevant as possible to the Australian eggindustry. The project will also liaise withDrs Margaret Sexton and Andreas Kiermierof SARDI in Adelaide.

A Master of Rural Science student,Samialluh from Pakistan, based at theUniversity of New England, will also beworking on aspects of this project.

Essentially, the Australian Egg Industryproduces a very safe product. Australia isfortunate in not having a problem withSalmonella Enteriditis in its layer flocks asis the case in North America and Europe.

However, Salmonella Typhimuriumcauses problems with food-borne illnessfrom time to time and some of these occurrences have been traced to the con-sumption of eggs. For this reason, theAustralian Egg Industry needs to be vigilant in monitoring the impact of food

borne pathogens such as Salmonella in eggsand egg products.

The table egg possesses many proper-ties that contribute to its safeness as a foodsource. The role of the egg in nature is asan incubation chamber for a developingchick. Because of this, the egg possesses animpressive arsenal of anti-microbial featureswhich also serve to make the egg contentssafe for consumers.

The outermost layer of the egg shell,the cuticle, presents an important barrier.The cuticle covers the surface of the eggand partially blocks the pores in the egg.Next there is the egg shell itself which provides a mechanical barrier as well ashaving an organic matrix which containsanti-microbial factors. The outer and innershell membranes also have anti-microbialproperties as does the egg albumen (seedrawing of transverse section througheggshell).

The way in which the foundation ofthe egg shell is laid down, particularly itsattachment to the shell membranes is veryimportant in determining the strength ofthe egg shell and how effectively it preventsbacteria from entering the egg. The finestructure or ultrastructure of the egg shellmay be examined by carefully removing theinner shell membrane from pieces of shellthat have been soaked in water and thendrying the shell pieces before removing theouter shell membrane using a specialmachine called a plasma asher (or etcher)which oxidizes away the membrane at a relatively low temperature using ionizedoxygen gas.

The structure of the eggshell

PRATU SPEAK

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• Casual and contract positions available• Great opportunity to use your agricultural

knowledge to improve the welfare of farm animals• Work available in most states of Australia

The RSPCA Approved Farming Scheme aims to improve the welfare of farm animals on a commercial scale. Egg, pig, turkey and meat chicken farmers whose farms meet the RSPCA’s standards can apply to join the RSPCA Approved Farming Scheme.

RSPCA Australia is currently appointing Assessors with the role of visiting farms participating in the Scheme and assessing compliance to the RSPCA’s standards.

Successful applicants will have tertiary quali�cations in agricultural science, or appropriate experience; experience or knowledge of farm animal behaviour and good communication skills. Experience with QA or other certi�cation programs is desirable, and a driver’s licence and the ability to travel are essential.

For information about the Approved Farming Scheme go to www.rspca.org.au/approvedfarmingFor an applicants’ information pack, including job description, selection criteria and conditions of employment, please go to www.rspca.org.au/jobs/assessors.html or emailrspca@rspca.org.au with “Assessor Applicants Pack” in the subject line.

Micro cracks have the potential to facilitatethe entry of bacteria into the egg.

The research project aims to addressthis industry issue by achieving the following:• Elucidating the correlation between eggshell translucency, shell strength and product safety in laying hens.• Determining the relationship between eggshell translucency and the occurrence ofmicrocracks in the eggs of commercial laying hens.• Determining the effect of egg shelltranslucency, the presence of microcracks,the quality of the shell cuticle and egg shellthickness on the ability of bacteria such asSalmonella and E. coli to penetrate the eggshell• Determining the correlation betweenstrain of hen, stage of lay and bacterial loadon the eggshell surface and in the egg contents• Sampling flocks for the presence of food-borne pathogens, where problems are identified in eggs from these flocks• Determining the role of egg washing inbacterial penetration of eggs.

The pieces of shell are then coated witha very thin layer of gold before beingviewed under a scanning electron micro-scope. The University of New England hasjust purchased a Neoscope benchtop scanning electron microscope which is easi-er to use than the large machines.

The project will investigate the incidence and significance of minor defectsin the ultrastructure of the egg shell such as‘translucency’ which is where lighter colourspots are observed when an egg is candledover a light source (see photograph oftranslucent egg being candled).

These spots appear when moisturefrom the egg albumen seeps into spaceswithin the fine structure of the egg shell.They are difficult to detect in very fresheggs. There is some evidence that translu-cent regions of the egg shell are more easilypenetrated by bacteria than areas which arenot translucent. Another feature of eggshells that will be investigated is ‘microcracks’ which are very small, fine cracksthat are not visible to the naked eye andwhich can be difficult to detect by candling, particularly in very fresh eggs.

Top: The Neoscope benchtopscanning electron microscope.Above: Egg being candled to showtranslucency.

feedworks to distribute Novartis products Update on Aviagen

PRODUCT NEwS

Feedworks has recently concluded an agreement with Novartis Animal HealthAustralasia to distribute its range of fly control products inAustralia to the poultryand animal production sectors.

This includes the well known brands ofLarvadex, Neporex and Agita. Larvadex is aregistered in-feed product for poultry thatis a very effective management tool for producers.

Flies are not just a nuisance; they carrydiseases which pose a serious health hazard to people and animals. Globally,they cause livestock and poultry productionlosses estimated in the billions of dollars.

Non-biting flies feed on secretionsfrom the eyes, nose and any small wounds.This distracts animals from grazing, caus-ing a reduction in growth and productivity.

Non-biting flies are not key vectors ofany specific disease organisms, but becauseof their feeding and reproduction habits,and the structure of their feet and mouth-parts, they can act as mechanical vectors fora whole range of pathogens, from viruses tohelminthes. They are known to be involvedin the transmission of more than 65 diseases to humans alone, includingtyphoid fever, dysentery, cholera,poliomyelitis, yaws, anthrax, tularemia, leprosy and tuberculosis

Biting flies can cause even greater irritation to domestic animals, and they tooare vectors for disease transmission.However, because they feed on blood, theycan also cause anemia and hypersensitivity.

The growth and performance of nearlyall farmed animals are adversely affected byflies, especially when they are present inhigh numbers. Infested animals becomeharassed and feed intake is drasticallyreduced. The result: significant reductionsof meat, milk and egg production and serious economic losses.

Whenever fly populations reach plagueproportions in locations close to humanhabitation, they represent a serious healthand environmental hazard, not just to thefarmer, but to neighbors and local commu-nities. This has long been one of the majorchallenges to intensive live stock produc-tion in areas adjacent to urban areas.

The major diseases transmitted by fliesto humans and domestic animals areenteric diseases and eye infections.

Happily, help is at hand via this newrange of fly control products with applica-tion either In-feed or within the housingenvironment.

Further information about the majordiseases carried by flies is available by con-tacting Feedworks on 03 5429 6458.

In more than 120 countries, Aviagen worksto meet the ever-expanding needs of thecommercial broiler industry by developingpedigree lines for the production of commercial broilers under the Arbor Acres,Ross, and Lohmann Indian River (LIR)brands, according to the company.

“With industry experience dating backto 1935, Aviagen selects the best geneticsfor the broiler industry. This results inbreeding stock products that deliver thehighest economic performance, ensureoptimum health and well-being, andaddress the complete range of market needs.

“Two strategic parts of that global supply network are Aviagen Australia andAviagen New Zealand (AANZ), whose production facilities have been operatingfor more than two and a half years.Aviagen NZ was established in December2007, and Aviagen Australia in April 2008.AANZ sells Ross broiler breeders inAustralia and NZ, with sales of all compa-ny brands in Asia and Papua New Guinea.

“These two organizations are crucialparts of an infrastructure that ensures theglobal customer base can receive a consis-tent supply of top quality breeding stock.As Asia is one of the key growth regions ofthe world, we are committed to continuallyinvesting in both facilities to better servethe expanding customer base there, and tomeet increasing domestic and exportdemand,” the compnay says.

“By continuing to invest in these facili-ties, Aviagen is ensuring that the birds areof the highest possible standard. In addi-tion, production operation and employeesfollow strict biosecurity protocols to protectbreeder flocks from potential disease risks.

“Aviagen has also established a local customer support team to better servicecustomers in the region.

“Demand remains strong for Aviagenproducts domestically and throughout theAsia region, signaling the need for furtherinvestment in facilities and people.

“Customer requirements are changingin the region, as well, and these shifts maysomeday lead us to offer other poultry linesor strains from the Aviagen portfolio .

“As this region shows itself to be one ofthe most dynamic in the world, the invest-ments Aviagen has made in Aviagen AANZare paying dividends, enabling this vitalarm of Aviagen’s global supply network toserve customers with the highest perform-ing products in the poultry industry.”

SPF POULTRY OPERATIONS MANAGERAustralian SPF Services Pty Ltd (formerly SPAFAS Australia) isAustralia’s only SPF fertile egg supplier. As such, it has enormousresponsibilities as a sole supplier of a critical raw material for humanand poultry vaccine manufacture, research, Government testing laboratories and as SPF sentinels for AQIS when ascertaining biosecurity of imported poultry breeder flocks prior to release.Australian SPF Services is located at Woodend, just one hour fromTullamarine Airport. The current operation is on a single site. However, we will be expanding to two independent sites to ensuresupply to our Australian customers and to increase egg productionfor growth of our established export markets.We require an experienced livestock manager or Veterinarian who hasa desire to build on their management and operations experience. The applicant must be tertiary trained in livestock and have provenmanagement and or technical expertise. The successful applicant willbe well organised, a people manager and have an inbuilt attitudetowards quality and be focused on our customers’ needs.

Applications in complete confidence to: greg.lea@Aus SPF.com.au

Mini Data Projectors add new dimension to presentations

PRODUCT NEWS

Barry Shuttleworth who runs HotsCommunications has developed a specialityof transforming business presentation andcommunication with the best and mostconvenient technology on offer.

Recently his company has developed arange of mini data projectors and ancillaries that ideally suit one to one, orsmall group presentations.

“Though computer equipment hasminiaturised and evolved, data projectorshave remained large, heavy and in compari-son to most communication equipment,expensive,” he said.

“At Hots we offer a range of mini projectors and supporting equipment likefolding screens and speakers that match theportability of small laptops, iPads and evensmart phones that can be used in conjunc-tion with our projectors.

“These mini data projectors are idealfor presentations to small groups andrequire little space to set up. They link to alaptop or DVD player and we stock stand

alone models with up to 4GB of on-boardmemory.

“Miniature doesn’t mean poor qualityeither – depending on specific needs ourrange of projectors go from 15 lumens to100 lumens light output.

“Screen image size can range from 5inch to 80 inch depending upon individualprojector type.

“Our vibration speakers when placedon a conventional table surface or cup-board deliver tremendous sound quality.”

For most however, it will be the size,weight and easy portability that is the keyattraction, apart from affordability.

“The baby of the range (Visimax)weighs 120 grams, is 90 x 58 x 27 mm insize, has a 30-40 minutes battery life (inter-nal rechargeable); projects an image size of12 to 60 inches, and costs just $360 plusGST and delivery cost.

“Even the top of the range 100 lumensoutput model is only 136 x 120 x 54mm,weighs 640 gms, has remote control

capability and costs $800 plus GST anddelivery costs.

Having started to market its mini projectors, HOTS is constantly sourcingnew equipment to complement theexpanding projector range.

The website www.miniprojector.com.auhas all relevant information or emailsales@hots.com.au

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slowing gastric emptying and improvingmineral, CHO and protein digestion.

“Removal should be done with care,especially in the neonate,” he said.

“There is money in improving fatdigestion – emulsifiers, fat digestion andresearch with Bredol to improve FCR overthe last 12 months’, was the title of DrDavid Cadogan’s (Feedworks) paper.

“By utilising emulsifiers like Bredol infeed an increase of 10 to 25% of millingoutput is possible as well as reduced powercosts.

“Expect to retain 1 to 2% extra feedmoisture, improve bird performance, aswell as product quality and to restrictmoulds,” Dr Cadogan said.

On the question of using Bredol 683or Bredol 688 Dr Cadogan pointed outthat ‘683’ was the great all rounder for feed(and water/liquid), processing/milling andfor nutritional benefit.

“Bredol 688 produces a greater proteinsolubility/dispersion, and probably is thebetter on intestinal fat digestion.

“Bredol 688 is a powder and 683 a liquid. The cost of ‘688’ is approximately25% higher,” he concluded.

Dr Marnie Mellencamp, Director ofImmunology at Ralco Animal Health, inher paper, ‘Regano when used as an antimi-crobial/coccidiostat and what we’ve seen’,said “Containing oregano essential oil,Regano promotes anti-microbial, anti-fun-gal, and anti oxidant activity in numerouslivestock species including broilers.

“Poultry industries in many marketsare investigating feed additives thatimprove gut health and help to reduceantibiotic use, as regulatory pressure for theremoval of anti biotics from commerciallivestock production increases.

“Regano is a pharmaceutical gradeproduct steam distilled to assure purityusing cultivated oregano plants.

“It is standardised for active ingredientsand contains no synthetic phenols,” DrMellencamp stated.

“The product contains 34 componentsof which Thymol and Carvacrol are signifi-cant for anti microbial activity.

“They are effective against bacteriasuch as E.coli, Salmonella and other gramnegative enteritic bacteria.

“The detrimental effects of fungi suchas Aspergillus, fusarium, Penicillium,Cladisporium and Candida can also bereduced by Carvacrol and Thymol,” shesaid.

“Unlike antibiotics the development ofresistance is unlikely,” she added.

In describing trials conducted on broiler farms internationally, DrMellencamp stated that Regano had beeneffective in Coccidosis and Enteritis controland delivered improved performance.

In concluding her paper DrMellencamp suggested that apart from justsubstituting the function of antibiotics,Regano could be used to ‘spell’ antibiotictreatment to reduce likelihood of resistancedeveloping.

Michael Sommerlad, a fourth

generation farmer based near Tenterfield inNSW, has long experience in domesic poultry rearing and issues of sustainability.

His consultancy ‘PoultryWorks’ specialises in free range and organic production methods.

His paper ‘Alternative health strategiesfor organic and free-range poultry’ drewattention to pressure from supermarkets toprovide meat products from ‘ethicalsources’ and the pressures that this develop-ment will place on growers, livestock andthe environment.

Such is the interest in alternative production systems that Poultry Digestplans to run this paper at length in a futureissue of the publication.

Finally in the Monogastric session, DrGary Partridge, Global Technical ServicesDirector, Danisco Animal Nutrition gavehis paper ‘Recent experiences with existingand brand new Danisco products’.

He revealed trials that demonstratedPhyzme XP shows higher bioefficacy thanNaturphos in broiler diets.

Next was Danisco’s Phytate raw material survey featuring data on wheatand sorghum based diets then reports onresearch into xylanase responses in morefibrous diets.

He explained benefits of protease inaddition to xylanase and amylase in broilerdiets.

He also introduced new probioticproduct lines and spoke about trials usingthe ‘Direct Fed Microbial’ (DFM) productfor healthy nutrition solutions in broilersand turkeys.

“Enviva Pro product lines have beensuccessfully introduced into the US poultryindustry with current market share of 35%of total turkey sector and significant salesin natural broiler and layer sector produc-tion,” he said.

In concluding Dr Partridge talkedabout the new Danisco GenencorDivision – a joint venture with DuPont todevelop second generation cellulosicethanol from non feed plant material.

A lot of information was delivered during The Coolum 2010 NutritionWorkshop, and apart from good sciencethere was a great social program for delegates and their families.

For those who missed the conference orwould like more information on the papersdelivered, Feedworks will provide a ‘thumbdrive’ (or CD) with more detail, includingtrial material.

Send an email to Feedworks ManagingPartner Malcolm Mottram at mal.mottram@feedworks.com.au

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