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Physical DescriptionIndia/Indian Perimeter
SSWG5
The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary South Asia, Southeastern Asia, and Eastern Asia.a. Describe the location of major physical features and their impact on the regions of Asia.
b. Describe the major climates of each region and how they have affected each region’s development.
c. Analyze the impact of the topography and climate on population distribution in the regions.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkXR9Zkr0hU
Mt. Everest 2014 disaster/ABC News/ 4 min.
India/Indian Perimeter/Background
World’s highest mountains separate India & its neighbors from the rest of Asia
makeup a subcontinent Subcontinent: very large landmass that is
smaller than a continentTectonic forces shaped Indian subcontinent
Formally part of supercontinent (Gondwana then Pangea)
Broke away/drifted northward – 50 million yrs ago
Pushed into Asia, creating the Himalayas
India/Landforms
Himalayas (1)
Gangetic Plain (2)
India/Landforms Himalayas (1)
World’s highest mountain range
Separates region from rest of continent
Gangetic Plain (2) Low flat region that
stretches 1500 miles across NE India
Lies @ the base of the Himalayas
Rich soil--agricultural Forms largest alluvial plain
Alluvial plain: fan shaped deposits of mud/gravel found along the base of a mountain
India/Bodies of Water
Narmada River (1)
Godavari River(2)
Krishna River (3)
Ganges River (4)
India/Bodies of Water
Narmada River (1)Flows to the west of the Deccan PlateauContains hundreds of damsPROBLEM: Reservoirs/dams have displaced
peopleGodavari/Krishna Rivers (2) (3)
Both rivers flow to the east Irrigation/canal systems link 2 rivers Made area productive in growing rice
India/Ganges River (4)
Begins high in the Himalayas as melting glacial ice Brings rich soil to Gangetic Plain
Flows more than 1500 miles SE across India’s northern plains
used for drinking water/fishing/irrigation of crops
Huge amts of sewage flows into the Ganges/very polluted
India/Climate
India has 6 climate types: Highland/Himalayas
(1) Tropical wet/dry (2) Arid/Thar Desert (3) Semiarid (4) Humid subtropical (5) Tropical wet (6)
India/Climate continuedMonsoons strongly
influence India’s climate Wet Summer Monsoon
Begins around June Large low pressure area pulls
moist air inland from Indian Ocean
Can bring heavy rains/flooding Winter Monsoon
Lasts from November to March Cold dry winds blow from Asia’s
interior into India Air warms as it drops into India Warm dry winter
Natural Resources/India Farming important for India’s economy
Fertile soils and rivers
Farms cover ½ of India Rice, wheat, tea, and sugarcane ½ of world’s mangoes come from India
No country grows more peanuts, sesame seeds, or tea
Large deposits of iron ore and bauxite
Some oil
Uranium mines support nuclear power plants
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Criq7INq_yM
Slums of India videoAround 8 min. but it’s good
8 Hazards of Development/India
1. Heavy monsoons cause terrible floods
2. Late or shortened monsoons can cause famines 1943 famine in Eastern India
4 million people starved to death
3. Rapid population growth 1.13 billion people
4. Overcrowded cities
Smog in cities
Hazards continued
5. Millions live in poverty while very few are wealthy
6. 70% of surface water is polluted Inadequate sewer systems and industry
7. Deforestation, overgrazing, and soil erosion ½ of forests have been cut down over last 50 years
8. Conflict with Pakistan over Kashmir
Indian Perimeter
Includes:
1. Pakistan2. Nepal3. Bhutan4. Bangladesh5. Sri Lanka6. Maldives
Indian Perimeter/Physical Features
Pakistan largest country of Indian Perimeter
Major Mountain ranges --- Himalayas, Hindu Kush
Country’s main farming region --- Indus Valley Large fertile plain was formed
from massive amts of sediment from the Indus River
Mount Everest lies on Nepal/China border World’s highest mountain
29,035 feet
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zgf9x3cRjk4
Man jumps off Mt. Everest – 2:08 min
Indian Perimeter/Climate Climates include:
Arid (1) Semiarid (2) Tropical humid (3) Highland (4)
Monsoons affect weather Tropical cyclones occur in Bay
of Bengal Heavy rains & winds can reach
up to 150 miles per hr. Strong winds can cause a storm
surge/severe flooding Storm surge: waters wash ashore
like a very high tide Waves as high as 20ft
Natural Resources
Area not rich in resources
Few minerals in regionPakistan has good amount
Rely heavily on farming
8 Hazards of Development/Indian Perimeter
1. Flooding Can damage crops, destroy villages, and kill people
2. Tropical cyclones cause heavy flooding AKA: hurricanes
3. Poverty
4. Poor sanitation
Hazards continued
5. Malnutrition
6. Deforestation in Nepal
7. Political conflict in Pakistan
8. Pakistan is the home of terrorist organizations
Hideout for Al-Qaeda and Taliban
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J87J4Se1Wcc
Border raids Pakistan
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