Physical DescriptionIndia/Indian Perimeter

SSWG5

The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary South Asia, Southeastern Asia, and Eastern Asia.a. Describe the location of major physical features and their impact on the regions of Asia.

b. Describe the major climates of each region and how they have affected each region’s development.

c. Analyze the impact of the topography and climate on population distribution in the regions.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CkXR9Zkr0hU

Mt. Everest 2014 disaster/ABC News/ 4 min.

India/Indian Perimeter/Background

World’s highest mountains separate India & its neighbors from the rest of Asia

makeup a subcontinent Subcontinent: very large landmass that is

smaller than a continentTectonic forces shaped Indian subcontinent

Formally part of supercontinent (Gondwana then Pangea)

Broke away/drifted northward – 50 million yrs ago

Pushed into Asia, creating the Himalayas

India/Landforms

Himalayas (1)

Gangetic Plain (2)

India/Landforms Himalayas (1)

World’s highest mountain range

Separates region from rest of continent

Gangetic Plain (2) Low flat region that

stretches 1500 miles across NE India

Lies @ the base of the Himalayas

Rich soil--agricultural Forms largest alluvial plain

Alluvial plain: fan shaped deposits of mud/gravel found along the base of a mountain

India/Bodies of Water

Narmada River (1)

Godavari River(2)

Krishna River (3)

Ganges River (4)

India/Bodies of Water

Narmada River (1)Flows to the west of the Deccan PlateauContains hundreds of damsPROBLEM: Reservoirs/dams have displaced

peopleGodavari/Krishna Rivers (2) (3)

Both rivers flow to the east Irrigation/canal systems link 2 rivers Made area productive in growing rice

India/Ganges River (4)

Begins high in the Himalayas as melting glacial ice Brings rich soil to Gangetic Plain

Flows more than 1500 miles SE across India’s northern plains

used for drinking water/fishing/irrigation of crops

Huge amts of sewage flows into the Ganges/very polluted

India/Climate

India has 6 climate types: Highland/Himalayas

(1) Tropical wet/dry (2) Arid/Thar Desert (3) Semiarid (4) Humid subtropical (5) Tropical wet (6)

India/Climate continuedMonsoons strongly

influence India’s climate Wet Summer Monsoon

Begins around June Large low pressure area pulls

moist air inland from Indian Ocean

Can bring heavy rains/flooding Winter Monsoon

Lasts from November to March Cold dry winds blow from Asia’s

interior into India Air warms as it drops into India Warm dry winter

Natural Resources/India Farming important for India’s economy

Fertile soils and rivers

Farms cover ½ of India Rice, wheat, tea, and sugarcane ½ of world’s mangoes come from India

No country grows more peanuts, sesame seeds, or tea

Large deposits of iron ore and bauxite

Some oil

Uranium mines support nuclear power plants

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Criq7INq_yM

Slums of India videoAround 8 min. but it’s good

8 Hazards of Development/India

1. Heavy monsoons cause terrible floods

2. Late or shortened monsoons can cause famines 1943 famine in Eastern India

4 million people starved to death

3. Rapid population growth 1.13 billion people

4. Overcrowded cities

Smog in cities

Hazards continued

5. Millions live in poverty while very few are wealthy

6. 70% of surface water is polluted Inadequate sewer systems and industry

7. Deforestation, overgrazing, and soil erosion ½ of forests have been cut down over last 50 years

8. Conflict with Pakistan over Kashmir

Indian Perimeter

Includes:

1. Pakistan2. Nepal3. Bhutan4. Bangladesh5. Sri Lanka6. Maldives

Indian Perimeter/Physical Features

Pakistan largest country of Indian Perimeter

Major Mountain ranges --- Himalayas, Hindu Kush

Country’s main farming region --- Indus Valley Large fertile plain was formed

from massive amts of sediment from the Indus River

Mount Everest lies on Nepal/China border World’s highest mountain

29,035 feet

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zgf9x3cRjk4

Man jumps off Mt. Everest – 2:08 min

Indian Perimeter/Climate Climates include:

Arid (1) Semiarid (2) Tropical humid (3) Highland (4)

Monsoons affect weather Tropical cyclones occur in Bay

of Bengal Heavy rains & winds can reach

up to 150 miles per hr. Strong winds can cause a storm

surge/severe flooding Storm surge: waters wash ashore

like a very high tide Waves as high as 20ft

Natural Resources

Area not rich in resources

Few minerals in regionPakistan has good amount

Rely heavily on farming

8 Hazards of Development/Indian Perimeter

1. Flooding Can damage crops, destroy villages, and kill people

2. Tropical cyclones cause heavy flooding AKA: hurricanes

3. Poverty

4. Poor sanitation

Hazards continued

5. Malnutrition

6. Deforestation in Nepal

7. Political conflict in Pakistan

8. Pakistan is the home of terrorist organizations

Hideout for Al-Qaeda and Taliban

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J87J4Se1Wcc

Border raids Pakistan