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8/11/2019 PETA MINDA Upsr Thn 4 Yr 5 Yr 6
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TAHUN 4, TAHUN 5, TAHUN 6
S INS
PETA MINDA
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MENYIASAT
ALAM
KEHIDUPAN
MENYIASAT
BUMI DAN
ALAM
SEMESTA
MENYIASAT
DUNIA
TEKNOLOGI
MENYIASAT
ALAM
BAHAN
MENYIASAT
ALAM
FIZIKAL
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MENYIASAT
BENDA HIDUP1. Benda Hidup Mempunyai Keperluan Asas
2. Benda Hidup Menjalani Proses Hidup
3. Haiwan Dan Tumbuhan Melindungi Diri
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Keperluan Asas Manusia
Makanan
Tempat
perlindungan
Udara
Air
Bernafas
Melindungi dari
bahaya
sinaran matahari
hujan
Membekal tenaga
Tumbesaran
Kekal sihat
Minum
Tumbesaran
Kekal sihat
1.1 Memahami manusia mempunyai keperluan asas
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Keperluan Asas Haiwan
Makanan
Habitat
Udara
Air
Bernafas
Melindungi diri
bahaya
sinaran matahari
hujan
Membekal tenaga
Tumbesaran
Kekal sihat
Minum
Tumbesaran
Kekal sihat
1.2 Memahami haiwan memerlukan keperluan asas
jenis :lubang
gua
sarang
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Keperluan Asas Tumbuhan
Udara
Cahaya
matahariAir
Ada Keperluan Asas :
Tumbesaran sihat
Tumbesaran baik
Tidak layu
Tiada Keperluan Asas
Layu
Kekuningan
Mati
1.3 Memahami tumbuhan memerlukan keperluan asas
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2.1 Menganalisa proses-proses hidup manusia
Menganalisa Proses-ProsesHidup ManusiaGerakbalas
Pernafasan
Pembiakan
Organ
Tarik nafasudara disedut
Hembus nafasudara dihembus
Hidung/Mulut Saluran udara Paru-paru
Proses melahirkan anak
Kadar pernafasan
Jumlah pergerakan dada
pada sesuatu masa
Organ
Mata - lihat
Hidung - hidu
Lidah - rasa
Telinga - dengar
Kulit - sentuh
Perkumuhan Nyahtinja
Paru-paru( Karbon Dioksidsa
+ Wap Air)
Buah Pinggang( air kencing + garam mineral )
Skin ( peluh + garam mineral)
Najis
Tujuan :
elak bahayaelak kecederaan
elak kemalangan
untuk hidup
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2.3 Menganalisis proses hidup haiwan
Proses hidup haiwan
BernafasBerkumuh Membiak
Bertelur BeranakOrgan
Paru-paru
keraburung
ikan paus
Insang
ikanudang
book lung
ketam
Kulit lembap
katakcacing tanah
Struktur trakea
belalang
Nyahtinja
Mengeluarkan bahan buangandari badan
kucing
harimau
kelawar
Ikan paus
ular
burung
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Proses-proseshidup tumbuhan
Tumbuhan bergerakbalas
terhadap rangsangan
air, cahaya m atahari, sentuhan,
Gravit i .
Kenapa tumbuhan membiak?
Untuk memastikan kemandirian spesies
Pelbagai cara tumbuhan membiakMelalui bi j i, spora,, sulur, keratan batang, daun
Batang bawah tanah
Ramalkan apa yang akan berlaku
kalau tumbuhan tidak membiak
Tiada bekalan makanan
Pembiakan tumbuhanbijibalsam, jagung, durian
sporapaku-pakis, cendawan
sulur pisang, nanas
Keratan batangubi kayu, bunga raya
daunbegonia, setawar
Batang bawah tanah halia,, keledek
Bahagian tumbuhan bergerakbalas
terhadap cahaya mataharii
pucuk
Bahagian tumbuhan bergerakbalas
terhadap graviti
akar
Bahagian tumbuhan
bergerakbalas terhadap air
akar
2.4 Memahami proses-proses hidup tumbuhan
Bahagian tumbuhan
bergerakbalas
terhadap sentuhan
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Ciri-ciri khashaiwan melindungi
dirinya daripada bahaya/musuh
Tabiathaiwan melindungi dirinya
daripada bahaya /musuh
Kulit yang keras dan tebalMelindungi dirinya daripada tercedera
Badak dan gajah
Cengkerang kerasSiput dan kura-kura memasukkan dirinya
Kedalam cengkerang apabila ada bahaya
Sisik kerasTenggiling dan buaya mempunyai sisik
Keras untuk melindunginya daripada bahaya
Bulu deduriMengembangkan bulu dedurinya apabila
diserang musuh
landak
TandukMenggunakan tanduk untuk menyerang musuh
Kambing dan rusa
Kuku yang tajamMelindungi dirinya daripada musuh
bears, eagle, cat, singa
MenggulungTenggiling menggulung dirinya apabila ada
bahaya/musuhcth: tenggiling, ulat gonggok
Semburan cecair hitamMenghadkan penglihatan musuh
Cth: soton g
CamouflageBertukar warna kulit mengikut persekitaran
Sesumpah dan kuda belang
Tabiat pura-pura matiUntuk menipu musuh
Cth: kumbang tanduk
3.1 memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat bagi melindungi diri daripada bahaya/musuh.
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Haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan
tabiat melindungi dirinya daripada
cuaca melampau dan membenarkan
mereka bermandiri
Cuaca panas
Cuaca sejuk
Kulit Berkedutgajah, badak dan kerbau
Kehilangan haba melalui kulit berkedut
Berkubanggajah, badak dan kerbau
menyejukkan badan dengan berkubang
dalam lumpur
BonggolUnta menyimpan makanan dan air dalam
bentuk lemak di dalam bonggolnya
Bulu tebalBeruang kutub mempunyai bulu tebal untuk
mengelakkan kehilangan haba kepada
persekitaran sejuk
Lapisan lemak
Penguin, anjing laut dan ikan paus mempunyailapisan lemak di bawah kulit untuk mengekal haba
badan
Telinga kecilAnjing laut dan singa laut mempunyai telinga kecil
untuk menhalang kehilangan haba badan
HibernateBeruang kutub tidur semusim bagi mengekang
hilangnya haba badan musim sejuk
3.2. Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat melindungi dirinya daripada cuaca yang melampau
3.3. Memahami bahawa haiwan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas dan tabiat yang membenarkan mereka bermandiri
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Ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi
diri daripada musuh
Ciri-ciri yang
melindungi
tumbuhanDuri
Beracun
Bulu halus
Menghasilkan
getah
Menutup anak
daun bila disentuh
3.4. Memahami tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri daripada musuh
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Kawasan
berangin kuatKawasan kering
cth : kaktus
a. Akar tunjang untuk menyerap air
b. Batang sukulen yang boleh
menyimpan air
c. Duri mengurangkan kehilangan
air pada tumbuhan
cth: pokok kelapa, buluh,
pokok bakau
a. Batang yang mudah melenturb. Mempunyai akar baniir
c. Dedaun tirus/berpisah
d. Dedaun jarum
3.5. Memahami tumbuhan mempunyai ciri-ciri khas untuk melindungi diri daripada kawasan kering dan angin kuat
Ciri-ciri khas
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MENYIASATDAYA DAN TENAGA
1. Ukuran
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1.3 Isipadu pepejal
1.1 Panjang
1.2 Luas
1.5 Jisim
1.6 Masa1.7 Unit Piawai
1. Ukuran
1.4 Isipadu cecairUKURAN
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Panjang
Terminologi
Jarak di antara dua titik/tempat/ kedudukan Pelbagai cara
ukuran
Pita ukur
jengkal
depatali
pembaris
Alat piawai
Pita ukur pembaris
Unit
mm cm m km
Teknik yang betul
Fokus penglihatan
hendaklah selari
dengan hujung objek
1.1. Memahami ukuran panjang
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Luas
Luas adalah jumlah
ruang yang diliputi oleh
sesuatu objek
Terminologi
Menggunakan kad segiempat
sama 1 centimetre
Unit Piawai
- Millimetre persegi (mm2)
- Centimetre persegi (cm2)
- Metre persegi (m2)
- Kilometre persegi (km2)
- Menggunakan formula
Luas =panjang X lebar
1cm
1cm
Pelbagai cara mengukur luas
2cm
4cm
= 4cm X 2 cm
= 8cm2
3cm
3cm
Meletakkan objek
seragam seperti jubin,
buku dan setemdi atas
permukaan sesuatuobjek
1.2. Memahami cara mengukur luas
1 3 M h i k t i i d j l
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Is ipadu
Terminologi
Jumlah ruang yang dipenuhi/diliputi oleh pepejal/cecair.
1.3 Pepejal
1.4 CecairFormula
panjang x lebar x tinggi
Unit Piawai
mm3 , cm3, m3
Alat
Unit Piawai
Silinder penyukat
ml, lTeknik yang betul
a) Ambil bacaan ukuran pada aras
bawah meniskus
b) Aras mata hendaklah pada aras
bawah meniskus.
1.3. Memahami cara menyukat isipadu pepejal
1.4. Memahami cara menyukat isipadu cecair
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Jisim
Terminologi
Amaun jirim
terkandung dalamsesuatu objek
AlatNeraca
Elektronik
Neraca
Spring
Neraca
Palang Dacing
Neraca
mikro
Neraca
Tuas
Unit Piawai
mg g kg
Teknik mengukur
1.5. Memahami cara mengukur jisim
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Masa
Terminologi
Julat waktu di antara
dua peristiwa
Cara mengukur
sundial , sand clock ,
candle clock
Proses ulangan seragam
sesuatu peristiwa boleh
mengukur masa
-Ayunan bandul
-Kadar nadi
- lilin yang menyala
-Titisan air
-Pertukaran siang dan malam
Alat
Unit Piawai
saat , minit , jam
Jam Dinding , Jam Tangan
Jam Randik, Jam digital
Old clock
Pelbagai cara yang boleh mengukur masa
1.6. Memahami cara mengukur masa
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Memudahkankomunikasi dan
pemahaman
untuk ketepatandan ketekalan
Kepentingan Unit Piawai
1.7. Kesedaran kepentingan menggunakan unit piawai
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MENYIASAT BAHAN
1. Memahami sifat bahan
1 1 Memahami sifat bahan
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Sifat Bahan
Penebat
Terapung di
atas air
Pengalirelektrik
logam
Mengalir habaTenggelam di
dalam air
Membenarkancahaya melaluinya
Boleh diregang
kayu
batu Gelang getah
kacakarbon plastik
logamkayu
1.1. Memahami sifat bahan
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CARA-CARA MENYIMPAN OBJEK
PANAS
Dilitupi dengan bahan penebateg. sabut, habuk kayu, polistirena
SEJUK
objek panas objek sejuk
Menghalang
pembebasan haba
Menghalang
penyerapan haba
1.2. Mengaplikasikan pengetahuan tentang sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian.
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Bahan
Senarai objek dan bahan
berdasarkan bahan apa
Ia diperbuat.
objek bahan sifat
pisau logam keras
Kertas
tisu
kayu lembut
Cermin
kereta
kaca Lut sinar
Kenapa bahan tertentudigunakanuntuk membuat sesuatu objek
Murah
Mudah
diperolehi
Kuat/kukuh
Berkualiti
tinggi
1.3. Mensintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan sifat bahan
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Bahan semulajadiBahan buatan
manusia
kayu logam getahkapas plastik kain tiruannilon
Mengurangkan
penggunaan
Mengguna
semula
Mengitar
semula
kertas beg plastik botol plastik kaca
Jenis Bahan
Mengguna semula, Mengurangkan penggunaan
dan Mengitar semula bahan
1.4. Mengetahui kepentingan mengguna semula bahan, mengurangkan penggunaan
bahan dan mengitar semula bahan
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BAHAN
Objek berkarat Objek tidak berkarat
Objek diperbuat daripada
logam dan keluli
Objek diperbuat daripada
kayu, kapas, getah, kulit
kaca dan sutera
*paku
*sudu
*pisau
*jarum
kapak
*gelas
*botol
*cawan
*pensil
pembaris
1.5. Memahami bahawa sesetengah bahan boleh berkarat
1 6 Memahami bahawa pengaratan boleh dicegah
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Pengaratan
Pelbagai cara mencegahpengaratan
* Menyalut denganbahan tidak berkarat
* cat
* minyak
* gris
Pentingnya mencegah
pengaratan
*jangka hayat yang panjang*memulihara bahan semulajadi
*menjimatkan kos
*cantik dipandang/ menawan
*Kesimpulan; Pengaratan dapat dicegah dengan mengelakkan logam
terdedah kepada air dan udara
1.6. Memahami bahawa pengaratan boleh dicegah.
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MENYIASAT BUMI
DAN ALAM SEMESTA
1. SISTEM SURIA
1 1 Memahami Sistem Suria
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Sistem Suria
Senarai ahliSenarai urutan
planet
Planet bergerak
mengelilingi Matahari
-8 planet
-Satelit semulajadi
-Meteor-Komet
-Asteroid
akronim:Utarid ustazah
Zuhrah zuraidah
Bumi bungkus
Marikh makanan
Musytari masaZuhal zuhur
Uranus untuk
Neptun nenek
1.1. Memahami Sistem Suria
1.2. Memahami saiz dan jarak relatif antara Bumi, Bulan dan Matahari
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Saiz dan Jarak
relatif
Saiz relatif Matahari
dengan saiz Bumi Saiz relatif Bumi
dengan saiz Bulan
Jarak relatif Bumi ke Matahari
berbanding jarak relatif dari Bumi
ke Bulan
Matahari
1
Bumi
100Bumi
1
Bulan
4
Matahari
Bumi Bulan
150 000 000 km 382 500 km
1 : 400
j ,
1.3. Menghargai kesempurnaan kedudukan planet Bumi dalam Sistem Suria
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Bumi
dalam
Sistem Suria
Menyatakan sebab
sesetengah planet tidak
kondusif untuk benda hidup
KESANBumi adalah satu-satunyaplanet dalam Sistem Suria
yang boleh menampung
hidupan
Lebih dekat jarak planet daripada
Matahari semakin panas permukaannya .
.Lebih jauh jarak planet daripada Matahari
semakin sejuk permukaannya
Ketiadaan air dan udara.
Bumi adalah planet berkedudukan ke-3 dari Matahari
Menerima cahaya dan haba yang cukup dari Matahari
Bumi mempunyai keupayaan menampung kehidupan
Atmosfera Bumi mengandungi udaraTerdapat air di Bumi
Lebih dekat :
Suhu di atas muka Bumi semakin tinggi.
Berlaku sejatan air di permukaan Bumi
Ketiadaan air menyebabkan suhu tinggi
Lebih jauh :Suhu di atas muka Bumi semakin rendah.
Air membeku membentuk ais
Payah menampung kehidupan
1.3. Menghargai kesempurnaan kedudukan planet Bumi dalam Sistem Suria
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MENYIASAT
TEKNOLOGI
1. TEKNOLOGI
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1.1.Memahami kepentingan teknologi dalam kehidupan harian.
Had keupayaan manusia
dalam membuat sesuatu
Contoh had keupayaan
tidak berupaya melihat objek seni
tidak berupaya bercakap kuattidak berupaya berjalan jauh
tidak berupaya melihat objek jarak jauh
Alat untuk mengatasi hadkeupayaan manusia
Mikroskop
- Penggunaan kanta unutk melihat objek seni dan mikrob
Mikrofon
- Meningkatkan kelangsingan suaraTelefon
- Untuk berkomunikasi jarak jauh
Kenderaan
- Memudahkan perjalanan jarak jauh dalam masa singkat
Teleskop, Binokular
- Untuk melihat objek jauh
1.2. Memahami perkembangan teknologi
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Pengangkutan
Darat: haiwan basikal kereta keretapi
Udara : belon udara panas kapal udara peluncur
kapal terbang roket
Air : kanu rakit sampan feri kapal
Komunikasi
asap burung merpati telegraf telefon
Pembinaan
gua pondok rumah kayu apartmen
Perkembangan
teknologi
(contoh)
p g g
Pertanian
tajak bajak jentera jentuai
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MENYIASAT
ALAM KEHIDUPAN1. MIKROORGANISMA
2. KEMANDIRIAN SPESIES
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1.1 Memahami bahawa mikroorganisma adalah benda hidup
Mikroorganisma
Bakteria Kulat Protozoa Virus
Tidak dapatdilihat dengan mata
kasar
BertumbuhBergerakBernafas
Ciri-ciri
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1.2. Memahami tentang mikroorganisma yang berguna dan berbahaya
Mikroorganisma
berguna dan berbahaya
Berguna Berbahaya
Boleh
menyebabkan
DemamKeracunan
makanan
Makanan
basi
Pereputan
gigi
Membuat roti/Tapai
tempe/baja
Pencegahan
Penyakit
sakit perut
bisul
pereputan gigi
beguk
Membasuh
tangan
Meminum air yang
dimasak
Menutup mulut danhidung apabila
batuk atau bersin
2 1 Memahami haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara-cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies
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Kemandirian spesies
haiwan
Haiwan melindungi telur atau anak daripada dimakan oleh pemangsa
Bagaimana haiwan menjamin
kemandirian spesiesnya
Sesetengah haiwan melindungi
telurnya atau menjaga
anaknya; ada juga haiwan yang
tidak berbuat demikian
Burung bersarang di tempat yang tinggi
Katak telur banyak dan dilitupi lapisan lendir
Lelabahmenyimpan anak dalam kerandut di
bawah badannya
Ikan menyimpan anak di dalam mulutnya
Harimau - menyerang pemangsa untuk melindungi
anaknya
Penyu bertelur banyak dan menimbus telurnya
dalam pasir
Kangaru membawa anaknya dalam kantung
badannya
Gajah - sentiasa berada dalam kawanan
2.1. Memahami haiwan berlainan mempunyai cara cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies
2.2. Memahami pelbagai tumbuhan mempunyai cara-cara tersendiri untuk menjamin kemandirian spesies
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Kemandirian
spesies
tumbuhan
Air
Mekanisme
letupan
Angin
Haiwan
ringan
lompang udara dalam
buah
kalis air
ringan
bersaiz kecil
bersayap
kering bila masak
meletup bila matang
berwarna cerah
boleh dimakan
berbau
mempunyai onak
kelapa
teratai
engkabang
Angsana
Lalang
buah getah
buah balsam
Chestnut
Rambutan
Mangga
Love grass
Mimosa
Agen pencaran Ciri-ciri istimewa Contoh
2 3 Realising the importance of survival of their species
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Consequences
of
animals and plants
become extinct
Importance
sho rtage of food
resource
animals and plants species
may face ext inct ion
2.3. Realising the importance of survival of their species
3.1. Understanding food chain
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Food Chain
Animals and the
food they eat
Classify animals into
herbivore, carnivore
and omnivore
Producer ConsumerConstruct food chain
Green plant obtainenergy from
the sun to make
food.
Green
Plant as a producer
Herbivore :Animals that eat plants only.
e.g.: cow, goat, deer
Carnivore:Animals that eat other animals.
e.g.: tiger, lion
Omnivore:Animals that eat plants and
other animals
Animals that eat plant
or other animals
are called consumers.
The food relationship
among living things
can be shown by
a food chain.
To construct food
chain It must start
with plant asa producer.
In a food chain
the arrow
means eaten by
All living things need
food to survive.
Green plant can make their
own food.
However animals cannot
make their own food
3.2. Synthesizing food chain to construct food web
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Synthesizing food chain to construct food web
Food web What will happenIf there is a change in
population of a certainspecies in a food web ?
Food web of different habitats
What will happen
to a certain species
of animals if they
eat only one typeof food ?
Paddy field
garden
A change in the population
of a certain species
will effect the populationof other species
They will face difficulty
to surviveif thesource of food
runs out
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INVESTIGATINGFORCE AND ENERGY
1.1. Understanding the uses of energy
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The Uses of Energy
Why energy
is needed?
- for living things to carry
out life processes.
Eg.: moving, breathing,growing
The Sources of Energy
Sun
- main source of energy
- produces light and heat
Food
- food contains
stored energy
Wind
-Moving air
-Used to pump
water, drive
small sawmills
- to move, boil, melt,
or bounce non-living things
FuelBatteries
- wood, coal,
petroleum,
natural gas
- device that
generated
electrical energy
from chemical energy
Water
- moving or
falling water
produceenergy
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1.3. Understanding renewable and non-renewable energy
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Renewable and
non-renewableenergy
Renewable energy
Energy that
cannot be
replenished
Resources
solar, wind,
biomass fuel,
water
Non-renewable energy
Energy that can be
replenished when
it is used up
Resources
natural gas,
petroleum,
coal
Why use energy wiselyHow to use energy wisely
Some energyresources cannot
be replenished
when used upTo save
cost
Avoid
wastage
Reduce
pollution
Turn off the
television when
no one is
watching it
Switch off the
lights before
leaving
the room
2.1. Knowing the sources of electricity
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Electricity Sources
Dry cell
Accumulator
Dynamo
Solar cell
Types of circuits
Name Symbol
Dry cell
Connecting
wire
Switch
Bulb
Symbols and
componentsParallel circuit Series circuit
Differences
The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter
than the bulb in the series circuit
2.2. Understanding a series circuit and a parallel circuit
2.3. Understanding the safety precautions to be taken when handling electrical appliances
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PRECAUTIONS
Danger of mishandling
electrical appliances
Fire Burn Electric shock Electrocution
Safety precautions to be taken
when using appliances
Do not touch electrical
appliances with wet hand
Do not repair electrical
appliances on your own
g y p g pp
3.1. Understanding that light travels in a straight line
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Light
Can be reflected
Reflection of light
Side mirror of a car
Periscope Kaleidoscope
Travels in a
straight line
How shadow
is formed
When light iscompletely or
partially blocked by
an opaque object
The light that falls
on objects bounces
off the objects andcomes to your eyes
mirror
3.2. Understanding that light can be reflected
Uses of reflection
How ?
4.1. Understanding that temperature is an indicator of degree of hotness
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Heat
Gain heat Loss heat
CoolerWarmer
Measure temperature using
the correct technique
The effects of heat on matter
Matter expands
when heated
Matter contracts
when cooled
4.2. Understanding the effects of heat on matter
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INVESTIG TING
M TERI LS
1.1. Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas
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, q g
has mass
SOLID LIQUID G S
fixed
volume
fixed shape
has mass
no permanent shape
fixed volume
no fixed
shape
has mass
no fixed
volume
can be
compressed
1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas
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, q g
solid liquid gas
watermilk
airsteam
wood
stone
1.2 . Understanding that matter can change from one state to another
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Changing
statesof
watergas - liquid
liquid - solid
liquid - gas
solid - liquid melting
Boiling
Affected by windy and hotweather
evaporation
condensation
Freezing
1.3 . Understanding the water cycle
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WATER CYCLE
Circulation of water in
the environment
Formation of clouds
and rainImportance of water
Changes in the states of
matter in the water cycle
Liquid to gas (evaporation)Droplets of water will
become bigger and
heavier rain
evaporation
condensation
sea
Gas liquid (Condensation)
1.4. Appreciating the importance of water resources
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Appreciating the importance
of water resources
To prevent living aquatic from being
destroyed and undergoing extinction
Reasons to keep our
water resources clean.To ensure the cleanliness
of water supplyTo regulate
the formation of
clouds and rain
To avoid infected
diseases
Ways to keep our water
resources clean
Keep the rivers clean Cleanliness campaign
2.1. Understanding the properties of acid, alkaline and neutral substances
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PROPERTIES
tasteusing litmus paper to identify
Properties of acidic, alkaline
and neutral substancesChanges in colour
of litmus papers
blue to red red to blue
no change
bitter sour
ALKALIACID
NEUTRALSUBSTANCES
Taste bitterChange red litmus
paper blue
Taste sour
change blue litmuspaper red
Other tastessalty / sweet
no changes in litmus paper
acid alkaline
neutral
acidalkaline
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INVESTIG TING
THE E RTH ND THE UNIVERSE
1.1. Understanding the constellation
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Show
directions
Indicates
Seasons
A group of stars that form a
certain pattern in the sky
Importance of
constellation
Identify constellation
What
constellation
Is ? constellation
Big Dipper
ScorpionOrion
Southern Cross
North
North
South Kite or CrossScorpion
Hunter
Laddle
south
planting harvestingdesert sea
2.1. understanding the movements of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun
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Earthrotates on it axis
Earthrotates
and at the same time
moves around the Sun
Moonrotates on it axis
Moonrotates and at the same
time moves around the Earth
The Moonand
the Earthmove
round the Sun at
the same time
The earthrotates on its axis
from west to east
The changes
in length and position
of the shadow
throughout the day
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2.3. Understanding the phases of the Moon
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Phases of the Moon
The Moon does not emit light
The Moon appears bright
when it reflects sunlight
Describe the phasesof the Moon
1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon
7- Old half moon
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1.1. The shapes of objects in a structure
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The shapes of objects
in a structure
The shape of objects Identify shapes in a structure
CuboidCube
Cylinder
Sphere ConePyramid
Sphere
Cylinder
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INVESTIGATING
LIVINGTHINGS
INVESTIGATING
EARTH
AND
UNIVERSE
INVESTIGATING
TECHNOLOGY
INVESTIGATING
MATERIALS
INVESTIGATING
FORCE
AND
ENERGY
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INVESTIGATING
LIVING THINGS
1.1. Understanding that some animals live in groups and others live in solitary
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Animals
Some
live in solitary(Animals that live by themselves)
Some
live in groups
(Animals that live together)
zebra giraffesbees ants tigerlizardcatsnake
For safetyFor Food
To avoid competition for food
To avoid competition for space
Cooperation is a
form of interaction
Sunlight Limited sunlight can reach them
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Competition is a form of
Interaction among living things
Animals
Plants
Factors for competition
Food
Water
Mate
Shelter
Space
Limited food resources
Limited water resources
Trying to get mate to breed
Defending or looking for shelter
Defending or looking for space
Factors for competition
Nutrient
g
Water
Space
g
Limited water resources
Limited space
Limited nutrient
Reason
Reason
1.3. Understanding the responsibility of human beings in protecting endangered species
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endangered species
Extinct animal Endangered animal Endangered plant
Dodo birdDinosaurAuk birdDesert ratkangaroo
MammothQuaggaTasmanian wolf
TigerTurtleOrang UtanPanda
RhinocerosHornbillBlue Whale
RaflessiaPitcher plantVenus fly trapWild orchid
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Responsibility of human beingsin protecting endangered species
Factors
of Extinction
ways to prevent
extinctionIllegal HuntingElephantTuskTigerSkin & BoneBlue WhaleFatGiant PandaFurRhinoceros - Horn
Illegal LoggingCutting of treesForest clearingThe destruction of habitat
Excessive developmentWater & air PollutionMany habitats have beendestroyed
Extreme WeatherLong dry seasonFloodForest fire
Campaign against excessivelogging
Educate the public about theimportance of protecting &conserving animals & plant
Avoid consuming or buyingproducts made fromendangered species
Enforcing the lawReplanting
Selective loggingSetting up forest reservedSetting rehabilitation centreEncourage recycle , reuse &
reduce Campaign
E i
1.4. Knowing the impact of human activities on environment
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Impact of human
activities on
environment
Environmental destructioncaused by human activities
Uncontrolled humanactivities to the Earth
Environmental Destruction
ErosionLandslideFlash-FloodsWater & Air pollution
Illegal & ExcessiveLogging
Clearing ForestImproper managementof development
ErosionLandslidesFlash-FloodsLoss of
habitats
Illegal & Excessive hunting
Improper management ofwaste from factory
Improper management ofwaste from household
Extinction ofendangered
species
Air &water pollution
Water pollution
& flash flood
Excessive use of
fertilisers,pesticides& herbicides
Heavy usage ofmotor vehicles
The Lost of habitatThe lose of raw material &food suppliesClimate changesThe rise in temperature on earthExtinction of endangered speciesThe balance in nature is disturbedThe loss of the Earths natural water basin
Air &water Pollution
Air pollution
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INVESTIG TING
FORCE
ND ENERGY
1.1. Understanding that push and pull are forces
1.2. Understanding the effects of a force
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FORCE
Pullan action of bringing an object
towards us
Pushan action of moving an object
away
D
E
F
I
N
IT
I
O
N
Effects
Move a stationary object
Stop a moving object
Change direction of moving object
Make object move faster or slower
Change the motion of an object
Change the shape of an object
Friction
Definition
-Force that apposes
the movement of an
object.
-Two surfaces in
contact
Effects
-Surfaces warm.
-Difficult to move
-Wear and tear.
-Slow down and
stop
Reduce
-Lubricant :oil, wax,
grease or water
-Air cushion
-Talcum powder
-Roller marbles
-Ball bearing
Advantages
1. Hold thing
2. Walk without slipping
3. Sharpen a knife
4. Slow down moving
Disadvantages
1. Wear and tear
2. Produce heat
Advantages/Disadvantages
1.3. Analysing friction
2.1. Understanding speed
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Speed
A measurement on how fast an object moves
an object which
moves faster travels a
longer distance in a
given time
Definition
an object which move
faster takes a shorter
time travel a given
distance
Conclusion
Calculation
Formula
Speed = distance / time
Unitkm/h,
m/s ,
cm/s
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INVESTIG TING
M TERI LS
Food that has turned bad and
1.1. Understanding food spoilage
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Unpleasent smelleg. Fish with bad smell
Unpleasent taste
eg. milk turns sour
Changed colour
eg.vegetables, rice
Changed textureeg. Yogurt turns curd
Mouldyeg. Yogurt have many
black spots
Characteristics of
Spoilt Food
Food that has turned bad and
is not suitable to be eaten
Bacteria Fungus
Air
Water
Nutrient
Suitable
Temperature( 5C - 65 C )
Suitable acidity
Food spoilage
Condition for
microbes to grow
What is
spoilt food
Microbes that
spoilt food
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1.3. Realising the importance of preserving food
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The importance of
preserving food
Food can be kept
for a longer time
Easier tostore
Easier to
carry
To prevent the
wastage of food
2.1. Understanding the effects of improper of on the environment
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Waste disposalGas
Liquid
Solid
From agricultural activities
From vehicles and open burning
Toxic materials
Rubbish
Sources of
wastes
Types of waste
Open burningLittering
Chanelling- waste
factories into river
Releasing smoke
and dangerous gasses
Treat waste water
Keep environment
and home clean
Reuse and recycle
rubbish and waste
Reduce car
Build factories far
from home
The improper
ways disposal
Smoke dissolved
form weak acid
Kills plants & fish
Destroys building &
bridges
Rubbish thrown in
rivers or drain
Cause flash-floods
& water over flow
Kill plants & animals
in the river
Open burningCause asthma &
eye irritation
Air pollution
Disease
Cause by eating
polluted fish and plants
The harmful
effect
The proper
disposal ways
2.2. Understanding that some waste can decay
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Animal extinction
Habitats destruction
Spoil natural beauty
Change Climate
Tin can
Plastic
Synthetic
GlassMetal objects
Give out
poisonous gas
Unpleasant smell
Return nutrient to soil
Prevent rubbish
from accumulate
Paper
Wood
FoodMeat
FungiBacteria
Waste that
can decay
Waste that decay
Waste that do not decay
Microbes that cause
waste to decay
Advantages ofwaste decaying
Disadvantages ofwaste decaying
What will happen if
waste do not decay
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INVESTIGATING
THE EARTH & THE UNIVERSE
1.1. Understanding the eclipse of the moon
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Eclipse of the moon
The Earth is
between the Sun
and the Moon
The Earth, the Moon
and the Sun are
positioned in a
straight line
The Earths position
blocks sunlight from
reaching the Moon
The Earths shadow is
formed on the Moon
surface and cause an
eclipse of the Moon
Sun Moon
Earth
1.2. Understanding the eclipse of the sun
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ECLIPSE OF THE SUN
The Moon is
between the Sun
and the Earth
The Earth, the Moon and
the Sun are positioned in
a straight line
The Moons blocks the
sunlight from reaching
the Earth
The Moons shadow
is formed on the
Earths surfaceSUN
Earth
Moon
The place that experienced full eclipse is completely dark during the day time
PHASES OF THE SUN DURING THE ECLIPSE
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INVESTIGATINGTECHNOLOGY
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1.2. Analysing a complex machine
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Complex
machine
Made up of more
than one simple
machine
WheelbarrowLever, wheel and axle
CraneGear, pulley, lever
Egg beater
Gear, wheel and axle
Bicycle
Gear, lever,
wheel and axle ScissorsLever, wedge
Hand drill
Wedge, wheel and axle
1.3. Appreciating the invention of machines that make life easier
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Machines
Life machine Life machine
Difficulty in moving heavy things
Will not be able to travel from one
place to another place which is far
Help to move heavy things
Work in the fields is made easier and
productivity of agricultural product is
raised
Construction work is made easier and
can be completed faster
Help us travel from one place toanother
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