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Optical Network Curriculum
Development Section
Optical Network Curriculum
Development Section
ISSUEISSUE
OTC103101 OptiX BWS 1600G System Hardware
OTC103101 OptiX BWS 1600G System Hardware
2.12.1
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IntroductionIntroduction
In DWDM theory, What kind of Key technologies
have we learned?
Next, we will learn OptiX BWS 1600G DWDM
Optical Transmission System Equipment.
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ObjectivesObjectives
Grasp the general structure of OptiX BWS 1600G
DWDM System,
Understand the working principle of boards in
OptiX BWS 1600G DWDM System,
Grasp the functional features of boards in OptiX
BWS 1600G DWDM System.
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
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Reference MaterialReference Material
WDM Principle
OptiX BWS 1600G Hardware Description Manual
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ContentsContents
Chapter Ⅰ: System Overview
Chapter :Cabinet and SubrackⅡ
Chapter Ⅲ:Boards
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System OverviewSystem Overview
OptiX BWS 1600G
Designed for ultra high capacity optical backbone transmission
network.
It allows to transmit 160 channels simultaneously, with
maximum of 10Gbit/s data rate, over single strand of optical
fiber.
C-band and L-band are provided .
C band:192.10THz-196.05THz(1529.16nm-1560.61nm)
L band:186.95THz-190.90THz(1570.42nm-1603.57nm)
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The position of OptiX BWS 1600G system in an optical transmission network
The position of OptiX BWS 1600G system in an optical transmission network
OptiX BWS 1600GOptiX BWS 320G
Backbone Layer
OptiX Metro 3100
OptiX 2500+
OptiX Metro 6100OptiX 10G
OptiX 10G
OptiX 2500+
OptiX 155/622OptiX Metro 500/1000
OptiX Metro 500/1000
Tandem Layer
Access Layer
OptiX Metro 6100 OptiX Metro 6100
OptiX Metro 6100
OptiX 2500+
OptiX 155/622
OptiX 155622H
160 channels 32 channels
STM-16 32 channelsSTM-64
STM-16STM-4
STM-4/1
STM-4/1
STM-4/1OptiX Metro 3000
OptiX OSN 9500OptiX BWS 1600G
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Equipment Technical FeaturesEquipment Technical Features
Ultra capacity with high accuracy
Smooth capacity expansion
Multi-rate and multi-service access
Long haul transmission
Timing signal transmission
Uniform intelligent network management system
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High Efficient Multi-service AccessHigh Efficient Multi-service Access
• Multiple interfaces available for various applications
2.5G2.5G2×GE2×GE LDG
10G10G
4X2.5G4X2.5G OCU
34M~2.5G arbitrary bit rate
LWX
155M/622M/2.5Gconfigurable
LWM
2.5G2.5G 2.5G2.5G TWC
10G10G
10G10G LWF
DWDM
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Types of 1600G System Types of 1600G System
Types Channel spacing
Characteristics of five types of systems
OptiX BWS 1600G-I
50GHz Scalable 1600G system, support long haul and large capacity transmission.
OptiX BWS 1600G-II
100GHz 80 channel system(40 channels in C-band and 40 channels in L-band), each channel can carry up to 10Gbps, Maximum capacity is 800Gbps.
OptiX BWS 1600G-III
100GHz 40 channels in C-band, each channel can carry up to 10Gbps, Maximum capacity is 400Gbps
OptiX BWS 1600G-IV
100GHz For G.653 fiber, mainly be used in L-band.
OptiX BWS 1600G-V
100GHz 40 channels in C-band, each channel can carry up to 2.5Gbps, Maximum capacity is 100Gbps
OptiX BWS 1600G-VI(LHP)
100GHz 40 channels in C-band, each channel can carry up to 10Gbps, Maximum capacity is 400Gbps
200GHz 10 channels in C-band, each channel can carry up to 10Gbps, Maximum capacity is 100Gbps
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ContentsContents
Chapter Ⅰ: System Overview
Chapter :Cabinet and SubrackⅡ
Chapter Ⅲ: Boards
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Section 1 CabinetSection 1 Cabinet
Section 2 Sub-rack
Section 3 DCM and HUB
Section 4 ODF Sub-rack
Chapter 2 Cabinet and SubrackChapter 2 Cabinet and Subrack
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Cabinet StructureCabinet Structure
Cabinet Dimension
A. 2200 (H) X 600 (W) X 300 (D)
B. 2600 (H) X 600 (W) X 300 (D)
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Structure of CabinetStructure of Cabinet
Cabinet Description
1. Back plate
2. Fiber channels
3. Back support
4. Front support
5. Sliding protection plate
6. Fiber-blocking plate
7. Frames for DCM & HUB
(including front cover plate)
8. Sub-rack
9. Power box
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Power BoxPower Box
1 OPU board 13 Mute Switch
2&3 Main power switches 14 RUN & ALM Indicators
4&5 Power ground Input 15 PMU Board
6&7 -48V/-60V Input 16 Subrack Com Interface
8,9,10 U, M, L subrack Switches 17 ALM Interface
11 Hub Switch 18 Power Output
12 TEST Switch 19 Protection Grounds
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The Functions of Power BoxThe Functions of Power Box
PMU
Over-voltage Protection
Under-voltage Protection
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Chapter 2 Cabinet and SubrackChapter 2 Cabinet and Subrack
Section 1 Cabinet
Section 2 Sub-rackSection 2 Sub-rack
Section 3 DCM and HUB
Section 4 ODF sub-rack
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Sub-rack StructureSub-rack Structure
Sub-rack Description
1. Interface Area
2. Air damper
3. Ventilation Tunnel
4. Board Area
5. Fiber Spool
6. Fiber Outlet Area
7. Fan Tray (with air filter )
8. Front Door
9. Hook
Max. power consumption: 650W (when fully-loaded)
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Board Area in Sub-rackBoard Area in Sub-rack
13 Slots in sub-rack,
Slot 7 for SCC/SCE Board,
Fibers outlet from board panel,
Fiber Connector: LC/PC
IU1~IU6, IU8~IU13:38mm wide
IU7:24mm wide
I
U
1
I
U
2
I
U
3
I
U
4
I
U
5
I
U
6
SCC/SCE
I
U
8
I
U
9
I
U
1
0
I
U
1
1
I
U
1
2
I
U
1
3
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Sub-rack Interface AreaSub-rack Interface Area
1. ETHERNET1 2. ETHERNET2 3.CLKIN 4. CLKOUT
5. OCU CLKIN 6. F&f 7. Serial1 8. Serial2
9. ALM 10. F1 11.OAM 12. POWER1
13.POWER2 14. Power Filter 15. Orderwire
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Air circulation in OptiX BWS 1600G subrack Air circulation in OptiX BWS 1600G subrack
Air inlet and outlet should not be blo
cked; The cooling and ventilation system o
f OptiX BWS 1600G is very important;
Air outlet
Board area
Optical fiberwiring area
Fan box
Interface area Air damper
Air inlet
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Chapter 2 Cabinet and SubrackChapter 2 Cabinet and Subrack
Section 1 Cabinet
Section 2 Subrack
Section 3 DCM and HUBSection 3 DCM and HUB
Section 4 ODF Cabinet
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DCM and HUB DCM and HUB
1. DCM Frame 4. Hub Tray
2. Box 5. Hub
3. DCM 6. Fiber Fender
DCM:DCM: Accommodate two DCMs at most, HUB:HUB:Accommodate 2 Hubs at most, Power is supplied to the Hubs from the power box.The 2 Hubs are used alone, they can not be cascaded.
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Chapter 2 Cabinet and SubrackChapter 2 Cabinet and Subrack
Section 1 Cabinet
Section 2 Subrack
Section 3 DCM and HUB
Section 4 ODF CabinetSection 4 ODF Cabinet
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ODF CabinetODF Cabinet
OptiX BWS 1600 system offers a optional ODF
cabinet.
Optical fiber terminal unit is located at the left
side of the cabinet. At most, four optical fiber
terminals can be mounted. Each unit has 12 rows
and 8 columns, so total of 96 flanges can be fixed.
1. Spool 2. Front door 3. Terminal unit
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QuestionsQuestions
1.Please describe the architecture of OptiX BWS 1600
System Cabinet.
2.What is the structure of OptiX BWS 1600G subrack?
3.Please describe the structure and function of OptiX BWS
1600G ODF cabinet.
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Chapter : System OverviewⅠ
Chapter :Cabinet and SubrackⅡ
Chapter : BoardsⅢ
ContentsContents
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OTM Signal Flow-Transmitting SideOTM Signal Flow-Transmitting Side
OTU
OTU M40
OTU
OTU M40
OTU
OTU M40
OTU
OTU M40
FIU
OAU
OAU
SC1
MCA
C
L
DCM
DCM
ITL
ITL
C-
C-
L-
L-
EVEN
ODD
EVEN
ODD
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OTM Signal Flow-Receiving SideOTM Signal Flow-Receiving Side
OTU
OTU D40
FIU
OAU
OAU
SC1
MCA
OTU
OTU D40
OTU
OTU D40
OTU
OTU D40
RPA-C
RPA-L
L
C
DCM
DCM
ITL
ITL
C-EVEN
C-ODD
L-EVEN
L-ODD
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OptiX BWS 1600G- III Signal FlowOptiX BWS 1600G- III Signal Flow
FIU
DCM
C-EVENRPCOAUOTU
40
1
D40
MCA
FIU
DCM
C-EVEN
SC1/TC1
M40/V40
1
40
OTU OAUDWDM
Client Side Signal
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Chapter 4 BoardsChapter 4 Boards
Section 1 Optical Transponder UnitSection 1 Optical Transponder Unit
Section 2 OM/OD/OADM Unit Section 2 OM/OD/OADM Unit
Section 3 Amplifier Unit Section 3 Amplifier Unit
Section 4 Other Function Unit Section 4 Other Function Unit
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Optical Transponder UnitOptical Transponder Unit
Board Name
Full Name System
LWF STM-64 Transmit-receive Line Wavelength Conversion Unit with FEC Function I,II,III,IV
LWS STM-64 Transmit-receive Line Wavelength Conversion Unit with Enhanced FEC Function
I,II,III,IV
LRF STM-64 Line Regenerating Wavelength Conversion Unit with FEC Function I,II,III,IV
LRS STM-64 Line Regenerating Wavelength Conversion Unit with Enhanced FEC Function
I,II,III,IV
RWF STM-64 Receiving Optical Wavelength Unit with FEC Function II,III
TWF STM-64 Transmitting Optical Wavelength Unit with FEC Function II,III
TRF STM-64 Optical Transmitting Regenerator with FEC Function II,III
LWC STM-16 Line Wavelength Conversion Unit II,III,V
TWC STM-16 Transmitting Optical Wavelength Conversion Unit II,III,V
TRC STM-16 Optical Transmitting Regenerator II,III,V
OCU Quadruple STM-16 MUX STM-64 Optical Wavelength Conversion Unit with FEC
I,II,III,IV
LDG 2Gigabit Ethernet Unit II,III,V
LWX Arbitrary Bit Rate Wavelength Conversion Unit II,III,V
LWM Multi-rate Optical Wavelength Conversion Unit II,III,V
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LWF LWF
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LWFLWF
STM-64 SDH signal ITU-T G.692 compliant DWDM signal the channel spacing of LWF board is 50GHZ or 100GHz Support NRZ and super CRZ coding in the line. Error correction coding: Comply with the FEC encoding specified in ITU-
T Recommendation G.709. The B1, B2 and J0 bytes are monitored Automatic Laser Shutdown (ALS) function is controlled by NMS.
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LWFLWF
OptiX BWS 1600G has two different types of LWF board, applicable to
different systems:
The LWF supporting optical power adjustment and wavelength lock
functions is used in OptiX BWS 1600G-I and IV system, and L band of type
II system.
The LWF not supporting VOA and wavelength lock function is used in C
band of OptiX BWS 1600G-II and III system.
LRF (STM-64 Line Regenerating Wavelength Conversion Unit with FEC
Function) , It is used in REG node.
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LWFLWF
Category
Flash State Description
Alarm indicator (Red)
Off No alarm
Three times every other second Critical alarm
Twice every other second Major alarm
Once every other second Minor alarm
Running indicator (Green)
Five times per second Not in service
Once every two seconds In service
Once every four seconds (2 seconds on and 2 seconds off)
The communication with SCC unit is interrupted, and is in off-line working state
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List of LWF board alarmsList of LWF board alarms
Alarm Description CausesRed indicator flashes
Alarm category
FEC-LOF Loss of receive FEC frame
1. Receiving signal deteriorated 2. Remote station transmitting signals do not have FEC frame structure
Three times every other second
Critical
FEC-OOF Received FEC frame is out of frame
1. Receiving signal deteriorated 2. Remote station transmitting end problem
Three times every other second
Critical
NO-BD-SOFT No board software Software is not loaded on the board Three times every other second
Critical
R-LOS Loss of signals at receiving end
1. The optical fiber is broken2. The attenuation of optical path is too high3. Fault occurs in the transmitting part of remote end
Three times every other second
Critical
IN-PWR-LOW Input power too low 1. Input optical power is too low 2. The attenuation is too large
Twice every other second
Major
IN-PWR-HIGH
Input power too high
1. Input optical power is too high 2. Proper attenuation is not added
Twice every other second
Major
BD-STATUS Board is not in the position
No board in slot, board mailbox faulty or board is not properly inserted
Twice every other second
Major
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LWS LWS
LWS can carry out the wavelength conversion in two
directions. The implementation of EFEC gives high quality
transmission and longer haul transmission without any
electrical regenerator than FEC,
It converts the client side signal to the G.692-compliant
standard wavelength optical signal,
Channel spacing: the channel spacing of LWS board is 50GHZ
or 100GHz.
Features:
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OCU OCU
OCU board is quadruple STM-16 MUX STM-64 optical wavelength
conversion unit with FEC.
The channel spacing of OCU board is 50GHz or 100GHz.
The B1, B2 and J0 bytes are monitored to help locating the fault .
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OCUOCU
RUN
ALM
OCU
IN OUT
Tx1Tx2 Tx3Tx4
Rx1Rx2 Rx3Rx4
OCU board performance parameters include:
B1 error counting and B2 error counting.
Output/input optical power, laser bias current, laser cooling
current, laser working temperature and ambient temperature
monitoring.
NameConnect
or type
Description
IN LC Connected with D40/MR2, receive DWDM signal.
OUT LC Connected with M40/MR2, transmit DWDM signal.
Tx1~Tx4 LC Connected with customer equipment, transmit SDH signals to external equipment.
Rx1~Rx4 LC Connected with customer equipment, receive signals from external equipment.
OCU can be inserted in slot: 1~5, 8~12, If OCU board needs external clock, it shall be inserted in slot 12/10/8/5/3/1 in turn.
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LWCLWC
The channel spacing of the board is 100GHz, It is mainly used in
system V with only the channel rate of 2.5G.
B1 error counting, B2 error counting.
Automatic Laser Shutdown (ALS) function is controlled by NMS.
TRC is used for electrical regeneration.
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LDGLDG
The 2 Gigabit Ethernet unit, multiplexes 2 GE (Gigabit Ethernet) channels
into one ITU-T G.692-compliant STM-16 optical signal for DWDM transmission.
It provides two GE optical interfaces (IEEE 802.3z compliant) at the client side. the channel spacing of the board is 100GHz. In REG station, TWC is used as the regenerating board of LDG.
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LDGLDG
NameConnector type
Description
IN1, IN2 LC Connected with D40/MR2 board, receive DWDM signal.
OUT1, OUT2
LC Connected with M40/MR2 board, transmit DWDM signal.
Tx1~Tx2 LC Connected with GE customer equipment, transmit IEEE 802.3z standard signal.
Rx1~Rx2 LC Connected with GE customer equipment, receive IEEE 802.3z standard signal.
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LWX LWX
LWX receives arbitrary rate signal (34Mbit/s~2.5Gbit/s) at
1280~1565nm and converts it into standard wavelength
DWDM signal in compliance with ITU-
LWX can satisfy the access of non-common service, such as
PDH (34M, 45M, 140M optical interface), ESCON (200M),
Fiber Channel (1.6G).
the channel spacing of the board is 100GHz. It can be used
in the system with channel spacing as 100GHz, such as OptiX
BWS 1600G system II, III and V.
Functions and features:
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LWMLWM
LWM supports the wavelength conversion for three signal
rates: STM-1/OC-3, STM-4/OC-12 and STM-16/OC-48, and
supports SDH/SONET and various concatenated services.
the channel spacing of the board is 100GHz.
LWM board provides B1 monitoring .
Functions and features:
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Other OTUsOther OTUs
To guarantee the compatibility,we can adopte the universal
wavelength conversion boards in other DWDM system.
TWF:STM-64 Transmitting OTU Board with FEC Function
RWF:STM-64 Receiving OTU Board with FEC Function
TRF:STM-64 Regenerator OTU Board with FEC Function.
Notes:
Different Error correction coding;
TRF can be used on the electrical regenerator equipment
corresponding to OCU.
LGS: convert one GE and one STM-1/4 into STM-16
LQS: convert four low-rate SDH signal into STM-16
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Chapter 4 Board UnitChapter 4 Board Unit
Section 1 Optical Transponder UnitSection 1 Optical Transponder Unit
Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop
Unit Unit
Section 3 Amplifier Unit Section 3 Amplifier Unit
Section 4 Other Function UnitSection 4 Other Function Unit
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Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop UnitOptical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop Unit
In OptiX BWS 1600G System,We will study…
Optical multiplexing/ demultiplexing unit (OM/OD)
M40 40-channel Multiplexing Unit I,II,III,IV,V
V40 40-channel Multiplexing Unit with VOA I,II,III,V
D40 40-channel Demultiplexing Unit I,II,III,IV,V
Optical add/drop unit (OADM)
MR2 2-channel Add/Drop Unit I,II,III,IV,V
MB2 Expandable 2-Channel Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing Board
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M40 M40
M40 can multiplex 40 optical wavelengths at most. According to the workin
g wavelengths and channels, M40 is available in four types, called C-ODD,
C-EVEN, L-ODD and L-EVEN accordingly.
channel spacing of the M40 board is 100GHz.
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M40M40
A dedicated monitoring port (MON) is provided;
Support optical power detecting and the alarms & perfor
mance reporting.
Performance events of M40 include:
total output optical power, AWG heating/cooling current,
AWG working temperature and environmental temperat
ure of board.
Name Description
M01~M40 Connected with “OUT” port of 40 OTUs, receives 40 channels corresponding signals
OUT Connected with ITL or OAU, transmits multiplexed signal.
MON Connected with MCA, accomplishes online monitoring of optical spectrum.
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M40--AlarmsM40--Alarms
Alarm Description CausesRed indicator flashes
Alarm category
MUT-LOS Loss of multiplex signal
1. Output optical power detecting circuit is faulty or board failed2. or too high line attenuation
Three times every other second
Critical
BD-STATUS Board is not in the position
No board in slot, board mailbox faulty or board is not properly inserted
Twice every other second
Major
SUM-OUTPWR-HI Output optical power of main path is too high
Too high output optical power
Twice every other second
Major
SUM-OUTPWR-LOW Output optical power of main path is too low
Too low output input optical power
Twice every other second
Major
FPGA-ABN FPGA status is abnormal
1. Main FPGA is not present when board is started2. Main FPGA loading fail
Twice every other second
Major
TEMP-ALARM Temperature alarm Ambient temperature crosses threshold
Once every other second
Minor
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V40 V40
Difference between V40 and M40:
V40=VOA+ AWG.
V40 is a multiplexing unit with built-in variable optical attenuat
or.
V40 is used only for C-band, and is available in two types i.e.
C-ODD and C-EVEN.
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D40D40
D40 is 40-channel optical demultiplexer unit. Similar to M40, it is available in 4
types according to the working wavelengths, called C-ODD, C-EVEN, L-ODD
and L-EVEN
AWG Type, Channel spacing: 100GHz.
Support optical power detecting and the alarms & performance reporting.
A dedicated monitoring port (MON) is provided.
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D40D40
MON IN D01D02 D03 D04 D05D06
D07D08 D09 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14
D15 D16 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22
D23D24 D25D26 D27D28 D29 D30
D31D32 D33D34 D35D36
D37D38 D39 D40
RUN
ALM
D40
Name Description
D01~D40
Connected with “IN” port of 40 OTUs, transmits 40 channels corresponding signals to OTUs
IN Connected with ITL or OAU, receives multiplexed signal.
MON Connected with MCA, accomplishes online monitoring of optical spectrum.
Performance events of M40 include:
total output optical power, AWG heating/cooling current,
AWG working temperature and environmental
temperature of board.
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MB2MB2
OADM opticalmodule
IN
OUT
BMO
BMI
D01 D02
A01 A02
SCC
MRI
MRO
CPU
Mailbox
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MR2MR2
An MR2 board can add/drop two service channels with
100GHz channel spacing.
In type I, II, III and V system, MR2 board can add/drop
channel in C-band; in type IV system, MR2 will add/drop
service channel in L-band.
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MR2MR2
Name Description
A01~A02 Connected with OTU, receive (add) accessing channel at home station
D01~D02 Connected with OTU, transmit (drop) service channel to local station
IN/OUT Input/output from main DWDM path i.e. connected with ITL
MI/MO Cascading input/output interface of MR2
Interfaces:
AlarmsAlarm Description Causes
Red indicator flashes
Alarm Level
MUT-LOS Loss of multiplex signal
1. Output optical power detecting circuit is faulty or board failed2. Fiber is not connected or the connection is poor
Three times every other second
Critical
BD-STATUS
Board is not in the position
No board in slot, board mailbox faulty or board is not properly inserted
Twice every other second
Major
TEMP-ALARM
Temperature alarm
Ambient temperature crosses threshold
Once every other second
Minor
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Chapter 4 Board UnitChapter 4 Board Unit
Section 1 Optical Transponder UnitSection 1 Optical Transponder Unit
Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop
Unit Unit
Section 3 Amplifier Unit Section 3 Amplifier Unit
Section 4 Other Functional UnitSection 4 Other Functional Unit
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Optical Amplifier Unit Optical Amplifier Unit
OptiX BWS 1600G offers a few types of optical fiber
amplifiers:
OAU/OBU/OPU
-Erbium-Doped optical Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)
RPA/RPC/RPL
-Raman optical fiber amplifier
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Erbium-Doped optical Fiber AmplifierErbium-Doped optical Fiber Amplifier
C-band: OAU, OBU, OPU L-band: OAU, OBU
OAU-CG and OAU-LG:
when only the EDFA used in the system.
OAU-CR and OAU-LR
If Raman amplifier is installed together with EDFA
OBU board can also be classified in C band and L band.
OPU can amplify C-band 80 channels.
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OAUOAU
An OAU (line amplifier) consists of PA (pre amplifier) and BA
(booster amplifier), An external DCM (dispersion compensation
module) can be attached in between these two amplifiers.OBU just have one BA module.
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OAUOAU
Functions:
It can amplify 80 optical channels simultaneously, with 50GHz
channel spacing.
It can enable the full-band optical amplification of C and L
bands by using different types of OAU.
The gain provided by OAU board can be adjusted
continuously, and the typical gain is respectively 23dB, 28dB,
and 33dB;
For the provision of gain-locking function;
Provide gain flatness function.
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OAUOAU
a gain shift erbium-doped fiber amplifier (GS-EDFA) is being used in L
band in type I system.
L-band OAU
Features:
It is a high-density, low loss special erbium-doped fiber.
the erbium-doped optical fiber can work in stable working
temperature, ensuring the stable gain curve and gain flatness
of L-band signal.The pump power for different wavelengths in L-band
is far lager than that in C-band.
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OAUOAU
Alarm Description CausesRed indicator flashes
Alarm category
MUL-LOS Loss of multiplex signals
1. Output optical power detecting circuit is faulty or board failed2. Fiber is not connected or the connection is poor
Three times every other second
Critical
OA-LOW-GAIN The gain of optical amplifier is lower
1. Pump laser is aged2. Input optical power is too high3. A/D detect circuit failed
Three times every other second
Critical
IN-PWR-LOW Input optical power is too low
1. Input power is too low, maybe the too big attenuation is added2. Line attenuation is too large
Twice every other second
Major
PUMP-TEMP-ALM
Pump temperature crosses threshold
1. Environmental temperature is high2. Laser cooling equipment is faulty
Twice every other second
Major
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Raman Amplifier (RPA) Raman Amplifier (RPA)
Optical fiber Raman amplifier is used at the receiving end of DWDM system to amplify optical signals.
OptiX BWS 1600G facilitates the network operators with three types of Raman amplifiers including RPC, RPL and RPA.
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Raman Amplifier (RPA)Raman Amplifier (RPA)
The gain of Raman amplifier is 10dB. Used with appropriate
EDFA, it enables the flatness of system gain to be less than
2dB, so the noise figure will be greatly reduced.
In the OptiX BWS 1600G system, fiber Raman amplifier is
always used with the EDFA amplifier.
Provides pump power automatic locking, receive control
command to switch on/off pump source, divide signal light,
report various performances and alarms, and enable pump
laser protection.
Raman amplification requires a strong light source (pumping).
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Raman Amplifier (RPA)Raman Amplifier (RPA)
Name
Connector type
Description
LINE E2000/APC
Connected with optical fiber line, receive remote signals (other station)
EXT E2000/APC
Extended interface of RPC, connected with RPL so that full band transmission can be realized
SYS E2000/APC
Connected with FIU, transmit amplified signals to the local equipment
MON LC Connected with MCA
RUN
ALM
RPL
OUT
OUT E2000/APC RPL output, connected with RPC
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Raman Amplifier (RPA)Raman Amplifier (RPA)
AlarmDescription
CausesRed indicator flashes
Alarm category
OUT-PWR-HIGH Output power is too high
1. Laser driving circuit failure2. Detecting circuit failure
Twice every other second
Major
OUT-PWR-LOW Output power is too low
1. Laser driving circuit failure2. Detecting circuit failure
Twice every other second
Major
PUMP-TEMP-ALM Pump temperature crosses threshold
1. Environmental temperature is high2. Laser cooling equipment is faulty
Twice every other second
Major
PUMP-COOL-ALM Laser cooling current crosses threshold
1. Environmental temperature is very high2. Laser is aged
Twice every other second
Major
POWER-FAILURE Board power failure alarm
Power failure or power is off
Twice every other second
Major
W-R-FAILURE Write/read register failed
Chip register damaged Twice every other second
Major
BD-STATUS Board is not in the position
No board in slot, board mailbox faulty or board is not properly inserted
Twice every other second
Major
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Chapter 4 Board UnitChapter 4 Board Unit
Section 1 Optical Transponder UnitSection 1 Optical Transponder Unit
Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop Section 2 Optical Multiplex/Demultiplex/Add/Drop
Unit Unit
Section 3 Amplifier Unit Section 3 Amplifier Unit
Section 4 Other Functional Unit Section 4 Other Functional Unit
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Other Functional UnitOther Functional Unit
In this part,we will learn…
SC1/SC2、 TC1/TC2
OCP、 OLP、 SCS
Optional part,including…
MCA
VA4
DCM
ITL
FIU
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SC1/SC2 SC1/SC2
The supervisory board is mainly monitors the optical channels, collects an
d transmits the orderwire & NM information.two different types of boards ar
e used, named SC1 & SC2.
SC1 is a single-directional optical supervisory channel unit, used in OTMs.
SC2 is dual-directional supervisory channel unit, used in OLA, REG, and
OADM.
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SC1/SC2SC1/SC2
SC1/SC2 board is independent from the main control board;
SC1/SC2 is transmitted in sections, with 3R function.
The signal wavelength of supervisory channel in OptiX BWS 1600G
system I, II, III and V is 1510nm, while the wavelength of supervisory
signal in system IV is 1625nm.
Features:
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SC1/SC2SC1/SC2
RUN
ALM
TM RM
SC1
RUN
ALM
TM1 TM2
SC2
RM1 RM2
NameConnector type
Description
TM1/TM2 LC Connected with FIU, to transmit supervisory channel
RM1/RM2 LC Connected with FIU, to receive supervisory channel
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SC1/SC2SC1/SC2
Alarm Description CausesAlarm indicator flashes
Alarm category
R-LOS Loss of signals at receiving end
1. The optical fiber is broken2. The attenuation of optical path is too high3. Fault occurs in the transmitting part of remote end
Three times every other second
Critical
R-LOF Loss of frame at receiving end
Input optical power is too low or excessive bit errors.
Three times every other second
Critical
NO-BD-SOFT No board software Software is not loaded on the board Three times every other second
Critical
IN-PWR-LOW Input power too low 1. Input optical power is too low 2. The attenuation is too large
Twice every other second
Major
IN-PWR-HIGH Input power too high 1. Input optical power is too high 2. Proper attenuation is not added
Twice every other second
Major
OUT-PWR-HIGH
Output power too high Optical transmitting module fault or wrong optical module parameters setting
Twice every other second
Major
OUT-PWR-LOW
Output power too low Optical transmitting module fault or wrong optical module parameters setting
Twice every other second
Major
LOOP-ALARM Indication of loop in operation
1. Loop command is in execution for the sake of media testing2. Auto-execution of loop by board for testing
Once every other second
Minor
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TC1/TC2TC1/TC2
TC1/TC2, not only accomplishes the supervisory channel p
rocessing function, but also provides the clock transmiss
ion function
Provide 3-channel E1 clock service add/drop, and provide ele
ctrical interface for the external synchronous signal and synch
ronous equipment timing source.
Clock interface : 2048kbit/s or 2048kHz .
Provide equipment-level 1+1 board protection, and double opt
ical wavelength redundancy protection. Supervisory informatio
n and clock signals are transmitted in both 1510nm and 1625
nm.
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SCCSCC
it accomplishes all the management functions and is responsible for the
communication between the equipment and network management
system. It implements the orderwire overhead processing as well.
The only difference of SCE with the SCC lies in its absence of orderwire
overhead processing function .
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SCCSCC
Name Description
RST Reset button for board resetting
ALC Alarm switch is used to activate or deactivate the alarm buzzer which located at the top of the Cabinet
SCC can be inserted in slot: 7
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SCCSCC
Alarm DescriptionAlarm indicator flashes
Alarm category
NESTATE-INSTALL NE is in being installed Three times every other second
Critical
FAN-FAIL Fan failure Twice every other second Major
POWER-FAIL Power fail Twice every other second Major
CFGVERIFY Configuration is not verified Twice every other second Major
BD-STATUS Board is not in the position Twice every other second Major
TEMP-ALARM Temperature crossed the threshold Once every other second Minor
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OCPOCP
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OCPOCP
Features: The function of OCP (optical channel protection) board is to
protect OTU wavelength channel to Ensure uninterrupted service
channel transmission.
The OCP board is usually placed in between OTU and SDH
equipment accessed. OCP board provides 1:8 OTU protection.
APS (automatic protection switch) protocol is involved in 1:8 OTU protection.
The whole switching process is completed within 200ms.
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OLPOLP
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OLPOLP
NameConnect
or type
Description
T/R LC Connected with FIU and access line signals
T01/T02 LC Connected with both active/standby optical fibers to transmit at transmitting end
R01/R02 LC Connected with both active/standby optical fibers to receive at receiving end
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OLPOLP
Pw≤-34dBm, Pp≤-34dBm,OLP board will not generate protection
switching;
Pw≤-35dBm, Pp>-34dBm,OLP board will generate protection swit
ching from the active fiber to the standby fiber;
Pw>-34dBm, Pp≤-35dBm,OLP board will generate protection swit
ching from the standby fiber to the active fiber;
Pw>-35dBm,Pp>-35dBm
( i) |Pw-Pp|≥5dB ,services will be switched to the fiber with larger op
tical power
( ii) 3dB≤|Pw-Pp|<5dB ,No switching occurs, but corresponding alar
m is reported.
( iii) |Pw-Pp|<3dB, It means that both active and standby fibers are i
n normal status
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SCSSCS
Sync optical channel separator (SCS) board helps in providing
system protection at optical path and OTU level :
No need the support of protocol, and it executes switching by detecting
SD and SF events of the channel.
When LOS, B1-EXC alarms are reported, the system triggers the
automatic switching process.
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MCAMCA
MCA (Multi-channel spectrum analyzer unit) facilitates with built-in
online spectrum analysis and supervisory function. it can supervise central wavelength, power, OSNR and other
parameters of optical signal for 8 channels. MCA board accesses the signals to be tested, from monitoring ports
(MON) located at M40, V40, D40, OAU and FIU etc.
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VA4VA4
Features:
VA4 board is used for optical power adjustment and
equalization.
One VA4 can process four optical channels. It drives the
variable optical attenuator according to the control command
sent by the SCC.
VA4 board is mainly used in OADM equipment. It is also
located before M40 to achieve the power adjustment of the
accessed optical power signals.
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DCMDCM
It uses negative dispersion slope to compensate the positive d
ispersion of transmitting fiber, so as to maintain the original sh
ape of the signal impulse.
DCM is installed between PA and BA of optical amplification u
nit of OTM, OADM and OLA equipment.
a DCM unit is classified in C & L band DCMs.
Typical compensation distance are 20km、 40km、 60km、80km、 100km;
Features:
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ITLITL
ITL board is only used in OptiX BWS 1600G-I and II system,
multiplexing/demultiplexing the odd channels and even channels.
The optical module comprises two interleavers, converges ODD and
EVEN channels to one stream with 50GHz channel spacing and sends to
FIU board.
Features:
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FIUFIU
FIU (Fiber Interface Unit) is located in front of the supervisory channel board
and behind the amplifier unit in OptiX BWS 1600G system.
FIU has four types of different specifications:
the first type FIU-I board is only used in the system needing clock protection
(1625nm protection wavelength).
The second type FIU-II is only applicable in the 1600G system without clock
protection.
The third type FIU-III only supports the multiplexing/demultiplexing of C band
and supervisory signals (1510nm). The board components are then reduced and
the cost is saved. It is used in C band 400G/100G system (System III, V).
The fourth type FIU-IV only supports the multiplexing/demultiplexing of L band
and supervisory signals (1625nm), applied in the 400G system of L band (i.e.,
system IV).
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FIU-IFIU-I
FIU-I receives main channel signal from optical fiber through IN
interface, then divides it into C and L bands signals. C band signal is
further processed to extract the optical supervisory channel (1510nm)
and L band signal is further processed to extract the protective
optical supervisory channel (1625nm)
FIU-II board is used. Two WDM
optical couplers can be omitted in
L band, both at transmitting and
receiving ends.
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FIU-IIIFIU-III
FIU-III board used in C band 400G system only includes two WDM compon
ents, multiplexing/demultiplexing the C band signal and supervisory signal i
n the transmitting and receiving directions respectively.
FIU-IV board used in L band 400G system
only includes two WDM components,
multiplexing/demultiplexing the L band signal
and supervisory signal in the transmitting and
receiving directions respectively.
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From left to right:FIU-I、 FIU-II、 FIU-III
Name Description
TC/TL Connected with OAU, transmit C/L band channels
RC/RL Connected with OAU, receive C/L band channels
IN/OUT Connected with fiber
TM/RM Transmit/Receive supervisory channel over 1510nm
TMB/RMB Transmit/Receive backup supervisory channel over 1625nm
MON Connected with MCA
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