Organic chemistry or chemistry of the carbon compounds. By V. von Richter. Edited by Prof. R....

the '' Colour Iuilcs ?' and siniilnr piiblicnt.ions. Su1)- stnnccs sncli ns oils, fnts, nnil giinis, ~vliicli arc known to I)c niisturcs, also Iinvc I)ceii omitted. 'rlic cnt,ries in tlic Dictionary are on n strictly nlp1inbetic:il Iinsis, arid tlic rcvicn-cr ngrecs with t.lie coinl~ilcrs t1i:it this nffortls by fnr tlic siinplcst nic:ins of tracing n specific coiiipo~~ntl. 'I'lic nnnic iindcr ivhich :I conipoiin~l is cnterctl is t h t to wliicli prcfcrcncc is giwn hy clicniists in gcncrnl, bat wlicrc, ns i n 11 great ninny iiist:~~iccs, two quitc systcin:itic nniiics :irv possible, or ivlicrc n series of isoincridcs coiiltl 1~ grot1I)ctI togctlier undcr onc systcmntic nninc (ort.11- iinilic :icid ctc. :ire intlcscd untlcr t,lic nnilincsiil~ilionic iicitls), cross-refcrcnccs will bc found in tlic appro- priate plnccs. Generally spcnking, trntlc nntl pro- prictnry n:inics hnve not bccn givcn. Tlic full constit ution:il forniiiln is givcn for cncli conipo11nt1 (wlicrc t,his is knowi) ; in tlic c:isc of :I group of iso- nierities, howcrer, tlic forniu1:i of the first only is given. 'rlic tlntti given for cncli conipo~intl inclutlc, wlicrc po~~ ib le , pliysicril nnturc, inelting point, boiling poiut, solubility, tlensity, rcfrzictivc iudcs, optical nctivity, tlierninl tlnta, ino1eciil:ir wiglit, ; lirief piirticulnrs nrc nlso given of functiontil tlcriviitivcs, such as esters, Iialides, etc. of acids, ethers, and ncyl dcrivntircs of :~lcoliols, :ind so forth.

l'hc norucnclnture iind oricntntion ntloptcd are, i n gcnernl, those in use i n 13ritisli cl1~1iiici11. litcr:iturc, i1lt11011gh in the ~ > ~ f i i c e i t is ~ t n t . ~ t l t h t i. 110 sl)cciiil prcfcrcncc 11:is . . I m n givcn to :rny onc system to tlic csclusion of all ot.hcrs." 'I'he prcfiscs cyclo-, 110111o-, iso-, ctc. nrc iisunlly treated :is p:irts of tlic minic, but the system hiis not bccn quite consistcnt, since '* nllocinn:iinic :~citl *' is given only :i cross- refcrcncc to " cinnninic i d , " wl~crcas '. :~llnn~ticic ;icitl " nppcnrs iintlcr A. Agnin, iiuinlms I111vc l)rtw iitloptcd in prcfcrcncc to Greek Iet,tcrs for tlic oricnt:i- t ioii of nliplint~ic coinpountls ; this ~netliod will r c c o ~ ~ i ~ ~ i c ~ i d itself to ninny clieniists who find difiiciilty in rcmcni1)cring tlie position of a letter beyond, siiy, tlic fifth or sistli i n tlic Grcck dp11:iI~ct. Also the revicwcr is glad to observe thit CIIO, CN, lint1 C0,H groups nrc rcg:irclcd ns substitucnts, nncl that conscqucntly their c:irl)on ; i tom arc not niiniberctl. 1 t niciy intlcetl IJC snit1 t l i n t any criticism tliiit could be directed iigainst tlic gcncriil nrriillg~lliclit of t IIC work could be l~nsctl only on pcrsont~1 ~)rcfcrcncc, for cvcry chcniist probri1Jly II:M his oivn pet notions on nonicnclaturc tint1 tlicrc is, as yet, no Intcriitrtionnl system.

Tlic literature rcfcrcnccs nrc iisu:illy those giving tlic hest nictliod of preparation, Iwt ot,licr usel'iil rcfercnccs 1i:ivc been iitltlctl in iniiny instnnccs, prir- th~d:irly to rcccnt 1iiiI)crS tlcnling with tlic ~nolcculi~r structure of coniplcs compountls. Tlic references to nl)stnicts pul~1ic:itions woultl iippcnr to bc ratlicr too frcqueiit, piirticulnrly 11s tlicse references (lo not incliiclc tho original p~ibliciition, wlii~h is not i n 1111

ciiscs dilliciilt of iicccss. licfcrciiccs lire often given, too, to nbstrncts i n t lie C:crinaii ~ i n d Aiiicriciiii joiirni~ls wlicrc tlrc corrcs1)oiiiling iibstriict i n I!ritisIi itbstrilcts is rtviiilii1)h (cf. R~IIII, ( J ~ o v c ~ , 1). 62.1, ~vliicli

rclntcs to :I piipcr froni tlic I'roccctiings of t,lic Roy11 Irish Ac:iclcniy ; scc J.C.S., 1919, i, 13). Apart from tlicsc vcry sinnll points, wliicli, after i i l l , are ltirgcly innttcrs of pcrsonnl l)rcfcrcncc, notl~ing hit iinstintctl prnisc c:m bc givcn to this wry iinportnnt work.

AIcnt,ion shorrltl hc in:iilc of tlic vcry up-to-tlntc Atldcntluin (pp. GS9 sey.), wIiic11 contnins p;irt~iciii:irs rclnting to ciscorbic iicid, c:irotcne, nnd otlicr coin- pounds of rcccnt intcrcst, c ~ n c l nlso to ccrtniii nniissions froin the ni:iin volume.

O i t a ~ s ~ c CiimiIsrItT o i t C ' i ~ ~ . : a i r s . r i c ~ OF wI.: CLFAI~OS Co>irousI)s. 1Jy 1'. von Iticlitcr. 15tlitetl ijy Prof. It. Anschutz iiiitl Dr. I?. Rcintlcl. Vol. I. C1iI.:mw1t\- OF ' r m A I ~ I I W A * ~ I C SI.:I{II.:S. S ~ l y t r i i~ i~ ln t~ t l niid rcvisctl from tlic 14th C:crinnn edition. By E. N. ~lllott.. 1'1). s i v + 700. Loiitlon : Kcgnn Pniil, 'I'rcwch, 'I'rulmcr & c'o., Ltd. ; I'hiladclphin : 1'. I3l:ikistoii's Son k CO.,

ltichtcr's '' Orgniiic Clicinist.ry '' hns I ) C C ~ I I I C an instit,utioa. TO thc long array of 14 Gcriiiiin editions mist IN ndtlctl sis ctlitions i n the Englisli I q p n g c , three dniericiin ctlitions hiving prccctlcd t h first of t . 1 ~ thrce Englisli editions. Tlicrc en11 be no doubt, thcrcfore, t,hnt this p r t i c ih r trcntiuent of tlic sulijcct h:is fiilfillcd :i tlistinct uccd :ind that it has coutrilmtctl inntcriiilly to thc tliffusioii of i~

knowlcdge of organic clicniistry 1111 over t Iic world.

without being replete. I'erlirips tlic ntljcctiw " 6olitl " inrip be sclcctcd to csprcss i n one word the Icnding ch:irnctcristic of this " Iticlitcr '* tvhich scvcriil gencrtitioiis of stlitleiits of organic clieniistry Iiiivc learnt to know so well.

The present triildiitor strikes :i fiii~itly i~pologctic note for prcscnting * * lliclitcr " once :igiiiii in its fnmili:ir form. l'liis note is rinlikely to fiiid any pcrccptiblc cclio froin tlic iniiunicriible orgunic cl~ciuists to wliom '. Riclitor * ' is n liouscliold word. Most of us will ~rclconic thc ~ircst!rv~~t~ior~, in an rigc of change, of tlic intlivitluiility of this Irintl- ninrk of our science ; ant1 we s11:iIl rcniciin contcnt with tlic ndditiou of short articles ou current tlcvclop- mcnts of importiiucc (siich :is niicroiiiiiilysis, tlie clcctroriic tlicory of ~iilciicy, i i l l t l tlic pciriichor) : i d the mnny niinor ciltcriitions ant1 iinprorcincnts wliich hiivc bccii mido in this cditiou. Incitlc~it~rilly, one of tlic improvemcnts consists i n r(~placing tlic " C~utrii l l~l~it t '' rcfcrcnccs froiii 1!I1O oll\\.iirtls by their originnls ; sincc tlicsc refer iiiiiinly to the Goriniin literature, t h y coii\vq $1 S O I I ~ I ! \ V I M ~ onc- sidctl iniprcssion of the liistoricd tlc\~eloplnclit~ of the subjcct.

Tlic first volunic of tlic new lhglisll ctlition i.ontriiris 11 gcncrd introdiictitm (SO pp.), toyetlior with 1111 riccount oft tic forniiil open-chin compounds ((i3O pp.), rind :in oiitlillc of the ciirlioliytlriitcs (18 pp.) iiiitl I ' d s t r u i c c s of pl~ysiologici~l iiiiport~iIicc of pirtiiilly known const,itiit.iou " (protciiis, cliloropliyll, IJilc iicitls, stwols, enxyliics, (!tc.-20 pp.). Origiiiirl

'I.'. F. u.

1934. 355.

,. Iliis is n grcot ncliicvcincnt. ,, Llic trcatnicnt is systcnitit.ic :id concise, satisfying

CIFEJUSTRY A N ! IKDUS'FRY 887 Oct. 20, 1034

pnpcrs ant1 stiiiitliircl works of rcfcrcncc nrc quoted frccly tltrougliont..

A work of so wide ii scope naturally affords nintcrial for entllcss clcti1iletl criticism, iirid n fcv; spccific cxninplcs will siifiicc in this plticc. 'Flic ticcontits of inclustri:tl nictliotlu of miiriuf:icturing corninon clicl\\iciils :ire ofi'ton out of diitc. For instnncc, thc I)cnzcnc-;izcot ropic process is not nicntioiietl under the I i ~ t l i t ~ g of coniiiicrciiil aI)soIittc iilcohol (1). 162) ; t.lierc is I I U rcfcrcrtcc to the rnotlern fcriuerit;ition process for nitikiiig )l-l)iityl :ilcohol (11. 14G) ; nud iigiiiti, the only nicthotl given for prepitring ethylcric clilorohyclriri (p. 370) is itit obsolete process tlzitiiig back to 1901. 'J'urning to otlicr iniitters, i t is not yet justifiiililc to state t h t '' :dl s~tbst;~nccs I)elon@ng to pliitits :iiicl iinizunls ciin Iic prepiircd rirtifictnlly from tlic clcnit~uts *' (1). l)-evcti if onc ncccpts spit lictic s~tcrosc :IS fuit ctccompli (1). 7%) ; crysttils of sodium iiniiitoiiium d- rtrrt l h r t rittc ;trc rcliitctl ;is ol)jcct iklicl )to,t-.sic3)"'11o.~/~ble mirror-itniigc (1). 37) ; 3Iiirckiv:ihl would ccrtitiidy not wish to cliiini crcdit for t Iic opticd resolution of ~l-i~ie~Iiylc~eloliesylitlciic- ricetic iicitl (1). ~14)--:ttitl liere i igit in refcrcticcs are ~i iudc to the C:crnitin litcniturc only, in ii field of work wI~ii*li Iiiis Lccn csploitctl iiininly in other countries.

Thc rcmiiining two volutncs of t . 1 ~ work will deal, respectiwly, wit It tltc ciirbocyclic i ind heterocyclic series. JOIIX ltl.:AD

I 1 \ llE1131Xl4 l~l%C.l'lOSS OF t \ l t O . \ l A T I ~ 1 ~YIJIIOC'ARIIOSS. By C:. ICgloff, 1%. 1,. f,evinson, :itid f I . '1'. Ilollnian. 1'1). vi 4- 226. U.O.1'. Ihoklct So . 135. Chicago, I l l i t iois : Cttivcrsiil Oil L'roducts Co., 1!M.

I his trciit ise, wliiclr wiis prcmrtctl bcforc tlic ;linwiciiti C'llcliiiciil Society in Niirch, 1932, contnins L irsefiil ~ i t i c l coinprclictisive coiupiliitioti rolitting to tlic pyrolysis of iironiittic Iiyilrocitrl~ons citlicr nlone or in p s e n c c of critiilysts. 'I'liis inforintition is of grcitt indust riid significitiicc, since t Iic necd for noti- ildotiiihig g n s o l i ~ for usc i n tlic ntotlcrti iittcrniil- cotiil)ustioti engine liiis tlircctcd tlic interest of petrolcurit tecltnologists to tliosc arontiitic hydro- ciirbons which lioil witliin tlic gisolinc ninge. 'I'ltcsc nrotiiiitics I I U V C cscellciit iinti-knock propcrtics :is constituents of petrol. ~13ctiacnc rind toluene arc I ~ l ~ i i t l c t l with tliis liquitl fitcl i n cnornious qii:intities. 'I'he itiitliors Litittc tliiit " otio of tlte most; plriusiblc tlicoriw vspliiinilig tlicrtuiil reiictions of hydro- ciirl)ons is t hi i t \vliicli poshlittcs tlic fornitition of free riiilicitls its pritiiriry ~ J ~ O ~ I I C ~ S . " It: is froin this vicwpoitit tliiit t h y discuss tlic wrious iiiodcs of pyrolysis. 'rltcy tlistinguisli two ni i i in groit~~s, ciich tlirisil)lc into two sub-groups. 'l'lic C-11 I)rcdc which miry occur i n tlic ring or i n it nun-nroiuiitic Iiiirt of tltc ~nolcculc ; tltc C-c' brcrik w1ticIi tiiriy ririsc witliiir t,lie ring or in 11 noti-iironiiitic pitrt of tlic uiolcculc.

ConsitlcrnLlc s p e c is tlcvotctl to the pyrolytic roiictions of bciizcnc citlicr iiloiic or w i t l i i~~ctlrrtr~c, ethylene, iicctylcnc, or toluene iintl rcfcrciicc is iniido to tlic Inotlificittions in sucli cliiiugcs indiiccd I)y catitlysts.

r 1

A ~uni i t i i i ry of tlic products is includctl.

Tolucnc is trcatct? sirnilnrly, nud it is noteworthy that pyrolysis of this Iiytlrocnrbon, cithcr alonc or with acctylcnc in prcscncc of nluniiniiini cliloridc, lends to Itomolog~~cs of :iritlinicciic. The discussion of tlicsc rcsiilts on pp. 59 anel 63 is rcndcrctl nrigiitory by tlic fwt t l i i t t it lins Lccn sho~vn that the two d i ~ ~ ~ ~ t l ~ ~ l i i ~ i t l t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ obtniiictl i n tlicsc rccictioas do not possess tlic orientation suggested by h v n u s . l'hc less fnsil)lc isonicridc is 2 : 6-tliti1ctliy~n~itllracc1ic (J. Clicni. Soc., 1039, 2303), wlicrcns the Inore fusible is 2 : 7-diuictliyliintliriiccnc.

Speciitl ititcrest itttiicltcs to the full section uti styrene owing to the iiicrcitsittg iisc wlticli is now bciiig tlliitle of its polynicritlc styrene rcsiu. 'I'Iicre iirc d s o intcrcsting notes on the pyrolytic clinngcs Icatling from the ~ictplttlinlcne series to iiccnnphtliitlcnc irtitl perylcnc (111.1). 273,-87.i") a i d on the photochcmicnl clinngcs niiinifcstctl Iiy tint.Iir;iccnc.

'l'hc rcnuiinrlcr of tlic 1)rocliurc tlculs iiiiiinly witJi cotnplcs ~)olyrtucIc:ir systems including iluorcnc (tnixspclt as Iliiorine i n tlic t:il)lc of contcnts) and tril)ltcnyliiic tliyl.

As :i work of rcfcrencc this I)ooklct \voriltl be grcntly irnprovci'l hy thc inclusion of i in indcs, without which it is inipossiblc to iiiake ntlcqitntc use of the dntn siipplicd. G. 'I1, 11.

I )AS l 'VSl i ) IS US)) SEISE ~ > E l t ~ ~ A ' ~ J ~ ~ IS '\\'lSSf~:SSCli,\E-1."~ USI) 'L'IXIISIK, J3y Dr.-Ing. I I. JIiiicr-Ihtlc iind

I j;cm ~scii I.: Pauii J~~,~TI~SS-JII:TIIOI JES. Vol. LI V. PI). viii + 361. 1I;illc (S:i:ilc) : \Ir. Kniipp. 193.1. I'tipcr, 2S rtn, ; hound, 19.70 rm.

This work is i l i \ * i t l c i I irito t ~ v o pirts, !lie first by Ih. JIiticr-l3otlc tlciils with tlic clicniistry of pyridinc i t n d its tlcriv:ttivcs, whilc the scconrl, writton by lh. tlltpctcr of thc Ccriiiiin Piitciit Ollicc, tlciils with tlic piitcut litcriiturc. Tiikcn :IS i~ wliole, tlie I~ook is tlcsipctl for 110th rcsc:ircli workers iutcrcstctl in pyriiliiic biiscs rind tilso for tliose ivlio arc conccrncd with tlit!ir tcclinic;tl itpplicntions.

Piirk one, wliicli covcrs ,"SO piigi!s, i& cliviclctl into t\vclvc sect ions, eitcli of' ~vhicli has niiincrous sub- sections. 'l'lic gcncriil trcitttucnt, is cstcnsim nntl iiftcr rcfcrcncc t 0 tlic occiirrcncc, propcrt,ics, constitution, itnd ~yntliesc~ of pyridinc, llcill~ with tilkyl, Itiilogcti, nitro, iintl osypyriditics. Secbioiis T, 8, t t n c l O ;ire brief accounts of sulphur, sclcniiitn, iirseiiic, :intimony, tiritl nit!rcury ppridiiics rcspcctivcly. 'l'lic rcnitiining scctions iLrc on pyriditic dcoliols, ; t l t l~ l iy~l~~ , kctoucs, tind iicids, iiiid t heir r\eriviiti\*cs. 'Yh rcfcrenccs to intcrniitioniil litcriiturc! iirc v ~ r y full ittitl useful.

The sccond purt of tlic book cotisists of 3s p g e s only, but, tlicrc is iin cnornioiis timount of iuforiiiirtioii ~)ucltccl into it.. LtlJullt 270 I)iitCtits, 200 of tlici11 C~crniiin, rcliiting to syntlicscs i i n t l tlcriviit,ivcs iirc rcvicwetl syst cmnt,iciilly, wliilc piirt iculitrs id 1iuiucroits ohlwr pt.enfe rehting to tlic viiriouti in~lustriitl iippliciitions of pyritlinc clcriviitivcs iirc sct oiit, ittic1 tltis is followctl by five piigcs of piitcub numbers itnil rcfcrcncca, tIic whole forniing 1111 cscdlcnt soiircc of

I)r. * I . dltpctcr. JIOSOnRhPI11ES C11Ell c l l E ~ i l s ~ l l - r 1