N ATURE U NBOUND L ESSON 4 – I NTERACTIONS A MONG O RGANISMS Conservation Mr. Dieckhoff

NATURE UNBOUNDLESSON 4 – INTERACTIONS AMONG ORGANISMS

Conservation

Mr. Dieckhoff

WATCH THE FOLLOWING 3 INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ANIMALS, WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT EACH ANIMALS INTERACTION WITH THE OTHER ANIMAL?

Turkey Buzzard & Bald Eagle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gjpiq0leaUs

Mink & Muskrat: https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=qeo5moeV254

Bee & Purple Coneflower: https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=rq7p9OpT56M

ANIMAL INTERACTIONS Relationship between two or

more organisms that affects growth, survival, or reproduction of participants Categories

1. Competition – Example – turkey buzzards & bald

eagle

2. Exploitation – Example – Mink killed the

muskrat

3. Mutualism – Example – bee and purple

coneflower

How would you categorize the following interactions:

ORGANISMS COMPETE FOR LIMITED RESOURCES

Competition – Indirect competition – Intraspecific competition – Interspecific competition –

COMPETITION MANAGEMENT

Competition affects growth, survival, & reproduction

Timber Stand Improvement https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=6BsI72_w-VI

NICHE Niche – describes everything affecting a

particular species’ existence, including the range of environmental conditions the species can tolerate, what the species needs to grow, survive and reproduce, and how the species interacts with its biotic and abiotic environment Fundamental Niche – Realized Niche –

2 SPECIES CANNOT HAVE THE SAME NICHE

Competitive Exclusion Principle (Gause) – Marine Example:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZ_up40FZVw

Resource Partitioning – Warbler Example:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBFnJtTkV4c

EXPLOITATION

Benefits one organism but harms another Predators – https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFv0-TdIt3U Herbivores – Parasites – Host –

ADAPTATION IN EXPLOITATION

Adaptations either enhance or hinder an animals ability to exploit another animal Brood Parasite –

Brown Headed Cowbird: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3vAPMUW4CA

Leave forest intact Warning Coloration –

MIMICRY

Mimic – Model –

1. Batesian Mimicry – mimic resembles a model

Example: Clear Winged Moths

2. Mullerian Mimicry – model resembles another model

Example: Viceroy & Monarch butterfly

COMMENSALISM

Commensalism – Example – stick-tights (beggar ticks)

MUTUALISM

Symbiosis –

PREDATOR-PREY CYCLE

CONCLUSION

1. Interactions2. Competition3. Affects of Growth4. Management of Competition5. Niche6. Exploitation7. Mimicry8. Mutualism9. Predator-Prey Cycle