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Andrés Moya
XXXVI Lección Memorial Fernández Cruz
“Retrasa tu reloj biológico”
“Turn back your biological clock”
Madrid, 20 de Septiembre de 2017
Microbiota, salud y envejecimiento
Microbiota, health and aging
Convergent evolution of the host epithelial interface with the microbiota
Foster et al., Nature, 2017
Human Coral-relative Hydra Plant
Rough estimates of size and biodiversityin an adult body
1/3 of the total microbiota is common to most people2/3 is specific to each individual
Rojo et al., FEMS Microbial Reviews, 2017
The microbiome landscape
Lloyd-Price et al., Genome Medicine, 2016Moya and Ferrer, Trends in Microbiology, 2016
Exploring the human microbiome from multiple
perspectives: factors altering its composition and
function
Rojo et al., FEMS Microbial Reviews, 2017
Diseases and disorders associated with alterations to the total of microbiota
28 types of disease105 diseases231 non-redundant genera, 15 different phyla12 genera associated with at least 50% of diseases
Local and external factors (covariates) associated with alterations to the total
microbiota
21 covariates130 genera, 13 different phyla12 genera are also associated with al least 50% of the covariates
Antibiotics associated with alterations in total microbiota
42 microbial genera altered after treatment with68 antibiotic therapies
Microbial metabolite biomarkers found to discrimate healthy controls and
patients: 621 metabolites
40% of the human metabolites are of microbial origin
Three key metabolisms associated to multiple factors
There is a goodcorrelation between changesin the microbiota and metabolicprofile (r2 = 0.534, p value = 0.00017)
Many metabolites whose abundancelevel was altered are associated withmultiple perturbations
Clustering of the metabolic biomarkers and gut microbiota active members in the
context of multiple diseases and interventions
Bacteria that actively participate in the metabolism of these molecules
Health and disease imprinted in the time variability of the
human microbiome
Martí et al. mSystems, 2017
Power law fits (Taylor law) of the standard deviation (SD) vs. mean of relative abundance of bacterial genus
monitored over time
Healthy subject
IBS subject
Commensal E. coli-derived indole extends lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans and
D. melanogaster
C. elegans
D. melanogaster
Summary
1/3 of our microbiota is common to most people, while2/3 are specific to each individual.
To date, 105 diseases and disorders are associated withchanges in gut, respiratory, oral, skin and urinary/vaginalmicrobiotas.
40% of metabolites in the human body are produced byour microbiota.
A fluctuation scaling law describe the temporal changes inthe gut microbiota.
Stable microbiotas can be distinguished from unstablemicrobiotas.
Indole from commensal bacteria extend healthspan.
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