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HISTORY 

OF 

COMPUTER 

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How did it start?

Long time ago, people

had to work very hard tohave something theywant. They always look

for ways to make theirwork faster and easier.

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Since man is born with

intelligence, he thought of ways that would make thingseasy for him. One of the

problems encountered by manwas counting the things hehad. Because of this, he

invented something that couldhelp him count fast and easy.

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Early Computing Devices

The AbacusAbout 4,000 years ago, the Chinese

invented the ABACUS. It is an addingtool that can help can you add &

subtract numbers by moving beads

back & forth on rods. The abacus wasone of the earliest counting devise

invented to help man solve his

counting problems.

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The Abacus

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The Pascaline Calculator

In 1642, Blaise Pascal , a French

mathematician, invented the Pascal

calculator. This device, also known as

the Pascaline, operated 8 movable

dials, which could add numbers up to

8 figures long. It was used to perform

simple arithmetic calculations. This

device was limited to addition &

subtraction only.

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The Pascaline Calculator

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Leibnitz Calculator

In 1673, Gottfried Leibntiz, aGerman mathematician &

philosopher, enchanced thePascaline by creating a devicethat could also multiply. It can

even find the square root of number. The device was called theLeibnitz Calculator/ machine.

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Leibnitz Calculator/Machine

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Jacquards Automatic Loom

In 1801,  Joseph-Marie Jacquard, aFrenchman, invented the

Jacquards loom. Jacquardsloom used punch card toprogram pattern that were

outputted as woven fabrics by

the loom.

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Jacquards Automatic Loom

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Electro-Mechanical Computing Devices

Difference Engine

In 1822, Charles Babbage, a British

mathematician professor,invented the Difference Engine.Powered by steam & as large as a

locomotive, the machine had thecapacity to perform calculations &print the results.

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Difference Engine

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Analytical Engine

In, 1833, several years after Babbage

worked on the Difference Engine, he

began working on the first general-

purpose digital computer, which hecalled the Analytical Engine. This

steam-powered engine outlined the

basic elements of todays modern general-purpose com puter and was a

breakthrough concept.

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Analytical Engine

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Electronic

Computing Devices

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Holleriths Tabulating Machine

In 1889, Her man Hollerith, an Americaninventor, invented the HollerithsTabulating Machine . The machine was a

punch card reader & had the capacity tostore & process data. Hollerith brought hispunch card reader into the business world,

founding the Tabulating Machine C om pany 

which later became Internati onal BusinessMachine (IBM) in 1924.

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Holleriths Tabulating

Machine

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Mark 1

This all-electronic calculator wasinvented by How ard H.Aiken in

1930. This was used to createballistic charts for the U.S.

Navy. The Mark 1 is called the

Harvard-IBM Aut omaticSequence C ontr olled Calculat or .

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Mark 1

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ENIAC

Between 1943 and 1946, the ENIACor the Electr onic Numerical 

Integrat o

r and C om

 puter wasdeveloped by  John Presper Eckert and  John Mauchly . This general

purpose computer computed at aspeed 1,000 times faster than theMark 1.

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ENIAC

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EDVAC

Between 1947 & 1948, the EDVACor the Electr onic Discrete Variable

 Aut omatic C om puter was invented

by  John v on Neumann. Thisinvention had a Central

Processing Unit (CPU), whichallowed all computer functions tobe coordinated through a single

source.

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EDVAC

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UNIVAC 1

The 1948, the UNIVAC or theUniversal Aut omatic C om puter was

manufactured by Rem

ingt o

n Rand C orporati on. This became one of the first commercially available

computers to benefit from thevarious advances in computing.

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UNIVAC 1

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Computers

Today 

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Supercomputers

Supercom puters are the mostpowerful computers made.

Supercomputers are used toprocess huge amount of data

for complex processes such asnuclear fission.

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Supercomputers

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Mainframe Computers

Mainframe com puters are thelargest among the computers

in use today. Mainframecom puters are used wheremany people in large

organizations are frequentlyaccessing similar information.

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Mainframe Computers

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Personal Computers

Personal C om puters are the most

common computers in use

today.A personal com puter can be a

desktop computer, a notebookor a laptop or a Personal

Digital Assistant.

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Personal Computers

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Notebook or Laptop

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Personal Digital Assistant