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IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Impacts of PV penetration
by
Arne Faaborg Povlsen, Elsam A/S, Denmark
for
The IEA-PVPS/Task V Workshop
"Impacts of PV Penetration in Distribution Networks"
Arnhem, The Netherlands, January 24-25, 2002
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Questions:
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Questions:
• Maximum PV penetration level ?
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Questions:
• Maximum PV penetration level ?
• Economic aspects of PV penetration ?
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Questions:
• Maximum PV penetration level ?
• Economic aspects of PV penetration ?
• Power value / capacity value of PV systems ?
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Classic power system
Typical voltages at high load859095
100105110%
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Classic power system
Voltages at reduced load. No regulation.859095
100105110%
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Classic power system
Typical voltages at low load859095
100105110%
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Classic power system
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Simplified power system
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Simplified power system
Minimum voltages at maximum load859095
100105110%
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Simplified power system
Maximum voltages at minimum load859095
100105110%
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Overall load = 25% of the maximum overall loadNo PV
859095
100105110%
B1 D1A C1
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Overall load = 27% of the maximum overall load.PV on line C1-D1 = 27% of the maximum line load.85
90
95
100
105
110 %
B1 D1A C1
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Overall load = 100% of the maximum overall load.PV on line C1-D1 = 158% of the maximum line load.85
90
95
100
105
110 %
B1 D1A C1
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Overall load = 25% of the maximum overall load.PV on all lines from C1 = 25% of the maximum line loads.85
90
95
100
105
110 %
B1 D1A C1
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Overall load = 25% of the maximum overall load.PV on all MV/LV transformers = 25% of the maximum load.85
90
95
100
105
110 %
B1 D1A C1
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
MV/LV power system
Impacts of PV penetration IEA-PVPS/Task V
Overall results
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Load (in % of maximum load)
Maximum PV penetration
(in % of max. load)
PV from a single LV line
PV from all LV lines on a single MV/LV transformer
PV from all MV/LV transformers on an MV ring
Minimumload
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
• Controllable PV systems
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
• Controllable PV systems
• Controllable loads
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
• Controllable PV systems
• Controllable loads
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
• Controllable PV systems
• Controllable loads
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions
• Consumer initiatives
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Measures to stretch the limits of PV penetration
• Separate PV reception networks
• Controllable PV systems
• Controllable loads
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions
• Consumer initiatives
• Dynamic tariffs
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Economic aspects of PV penetration
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Economic aspects of PV penetration
• No fundamental novel requirements on the networks
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Economic aspects of PV penetration
• No fundamental novel requirements on the networks
• Less dependence on rigid HV infrastructures
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Economic aspects of PV penetration
• No fundamental novel requirements on the networks
• Less dependence on rigid HV infrastructures
• Peak shaving of cooling / ventilation loads
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Economic aspects of PV penetration
• No fundamental novel requirements on the networks
• Less dependence on rigid HV infrastructures
• Peak shaving of cooling / ventilation loads
• Reduced network losses
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
• PV penetration most limited when minimum load on network
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
• PV penetration most limited when minimum load on network
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions for increasedPV penetration
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
• PV penetration most limited when minimum load on network
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions for increasedPV penetration
• Load shifting by customers observed, enabling larger PVpenetrations
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
• PV penetration most limited when minimum load on network
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions for increasedPV penetration
• Load shifting by customers observed, enabling larger PVpenetrations
• PV must be considered in the future network planning
IEA-PVPS / Task VIEA-PVPS / Task V
Conclusions
• PV penetration most limited when minimum load on network
• Review MV/LV transformer tap changer positions for increasedPV penetration
• Load shifting by customers observed, enabling larger PVpenetrations
• PV must be considered in the future network planning
• Economic aspects:
– the "added value" of PV (economic + others) exceeds theperceived inconveniences to the utilities
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