Jammu & Kashmir

JAMMU & KASHMIRکشمیر اور جموں

Presented by

Aditya Dixit

CONTENTS

Introduction History Geography Demography Politics Economy Major issues Word of caution Reference

Introduction

State Profile North most state of India Established on 26 October 1947 Capital Jammu (winter)

Srinagar (Summer) J & K consists of three regions Jammu,

Kashmir Valley & Ladakh.

It is the sixth largest state in terms of

area and 17th in terms of population.

The Kashmir valley is known as ‘Paradise on Earth’ because of its beautiful mountains and lakes.

Important rivers flowing through the state include the Indus, the Chenab, the Jhelum, the Tawi and the Ravi.

Urdu, Kashmiri and Dogri are the official languages

Ladakh

Kashmir Valley Jammu

History

1586 Akbar invaded Kashmir

Ramchandra founded Jammu

In 1780 Captured by Sikhs Under Ranjit

Singh

In 1846 Gulab Singh acquired J&K from Britishers at war

indemnity of 75 lac

In 1857 Ranbir Singh came into power ( son of Gulab singh)

Hari Singh ascended throne in 1925

(grandson of Ranbir Singh )

On 20 October 1947 tribesman backed by

Pakistan attacked J&K

26 October 1947 J & K become part of

India

Territory dispute among India,

Pakistan and China has led to unrest in

J&K

Geography Total area 2,22,236 km2 . India 60 % Pakistan 30% China 10%

Demographics

Division Population  % Muslim  % Hindu  % Sikh  % Buddhist / Other

Kashmir (53.9%)

54,76,970

97.16% 1.84% 0.88% 0.11%

Jammu (43.7%)

44,30,191 30.69% 65.23% 3.57% 0.51%

Ladakh (2.3%)

2,36,53947.40% 6.22%

--- 45.87%

Jammu & Kashmir

10,143,700 66.97%

29.63% 2.03% 1.36%

Politics

Currently ruled by National

conference & Indian national

congress coalition

govt.

After independence 1947

Mr. Sheikh Abdullah

Mr. Farooq

Abdullah

Mr. Omar Abdullah

Current Chief

Minister

Economy Predominantly dependent on agriculture and

allied activities. Kashmir valley is famous for Sericulture.

Wood from Kashmir is used to make high quality Cricket bats (Kashmir Willow) Kashmir Saffron is also very famous.

Agriculture exports include apples, barley, cherries, corn, millet, oranges, rice, peaches, pears, saffron, sorghum, vegetables.

Kashmir valley is also famous for Horticulture.

Products include apples, apricots, cherries, pears, plums, almonds.

In the fiscal year 2005–06, exports from the state amounted to Rs. 1,150 crore.

• Jammu & Kashmir’s GSDP(US$ billion)

3.8

3.5

3.4

4.5

5.9

5.4

5.1

7.9

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0

2002-03

2001-02

2000-01

1999-00

2006-07

2005-06

2004-05

2003-04

2007-08

6.9

CAGR11.3%

GDP $7.48 billion

(Data 2009)

Key Industries

Horticulture Floriculture Handlooms and handicrafts Tourism Mineral-based industry Gems and jewellery Sericulture IT

IT and electron

ics

Policy thrust

Medium HighLow

Medium

Tourism

Horticulture

Gems andJewellery

Handlooms andhandicrafts

Sericulture

Mineral-basedindustry

Key industries with policy thrust and factor advantages

High

Factor advantages include benefits due to geographical location and availability of factors such as talent pool, natural resources and capital

Key Industrial areas Industrial complex, Bari Brahmana, Jammu Industrial estate, Gangyal, Jammu Industrial growth centre, Samba, Jammu Integrated infrastructure development project (IIDP),

Udhampur Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Katholi, Jammu Industrial area, Kathua Electronic complex, Rangreth, Srinagar Industrial complex, Lassipora, Pulwara, Kashmir Industrial complex, Khanmoh, Srinagar Industrial complex, Zainakote, Srinagar Industrial estate, Zakura, Srinagar Industrial growth centre, Ompura, Budgam

Pulwama Industrialcomplex

Jammu SEZ

Bari BrahmanaIndustrial complex

Gangyal IndustrialEstate

Agri processsing zonefor walnuts

Industrial growthcentre and exportpromotion industrialpark , KartholiTextiles park, Kathua

Industrialgrowthcentre,Samba

Zainakote andZakura industrialestates

Softwaretechnology park,Rangreth

Agri processingzone for apples

IntegratedInfrastructureDevelopmentProject, Udhampur

INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS

Industrial growthcentre, Badgam

Kashmir SEZ

ElectronicComplex, Rangreth

Khamoh IndustrialComplex

•As of December 2008,the outstandinginvestments in the state were US$ 6.9 billion.

Investments

Electricity; 48.80%

Services; 42.10%

Irrigation; 0.70%

Construction; 1.70%Manufacturing ; 6.30% Mining ; 0.30%

Existing Companies Name of the Industrial Group Investment (Rs. In Lac)

Dabur India Limited 1448.00

Berger Paints India Ltd. 3200.00

Coca Cola 6000.00

UK Paints 360.00

Reckitt Bankiser 4211.06

Cadila Pharmaceuticals 3000.00

Sun Pharma 2000.00

Neel Kamal Industrial Crafts 7150.00

Jai Beverages (PEPSI Group) 8100.00

Maral Overseas (Bhilwara Group) 3500.00

Surya Health Care Limited 8090.00

The state is one of the largest recipients of grants from New Delhi, totaling $ 812 million per year.

Before insurgency intensified in 1989, tourism formed an important part of the Kashmiri economy.

The Vaishno Devi yatra alone contributes Rs. 475 crore to the local economy annually.

Major issues

Territory Conflict Insurgency Article 370

Reasons for Insurgency

Humanitarian abuses

ISI’s role

Political rights

Mujahideen influence

Religion

Article 370

It grants special autonomous status.

This article specifies that except for Defense, Foreign Affairs, Finance the Indian parliament needs the State Government's concurrence for applying all other laws.

Indian citizens from other states and women from Jammu & Kashmir who marry men from other states can not purchase land or property in Jammu & Kashmir.

Word of Caution

Can unrest on Arab land produce ripple effect up to Kashmir ?

References

Ganguly Sumit,1997. The Crisis in Kashmir: Portents of War, Hopes of Peace, Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Cambridge University Press.

Kaul Shyam; Kachru Onkar (1998-01-01). Jammu, Kashmir, Ladakh: ringside views.

www.jkonline.org

www.jksidco.org www.jammu-kashmir.com www.mapsofindia.com www.jktourism.org

THANKS

HAVE A GOOD DAY