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this Presentation covers history, Political and Economical Scenario of J&K
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JAMMU & KASHMIRکشمیر اور جموں
Presented by
Aditya Dixit
CONTENTS
Introduction History Geography Demography Politics Economy Major issues Word of caution Reference
Introduction
State Profile North most state of India Established on 26 October 1947 Capital Jammu (winter)
Srinagar (Summer) J & K consists of three regions Jammu,
Kashmir Valley & Ladakh.
It is the sixth largest state in terms of
area and 17th in terms of population.
The Kashmir valley is known as ‘Paradise on Earth’ because of its beautiful mountains and lakes.
Important rivers flowing through the state include the Indus, the Chenab, the Jhelum, the Tawi and the Ravi.
Urdu, Kashmiri and Dogri are the official languages
Ladakh
Kashmir Valley Jammu
History
1586 Akbar invaded Kashmir
Ramchandra founded Jammu
In 1780 Captured by Sikhs Under Ranjit
Singh
In 1846 Gulab Singh acquired J&K from Britishers at war
indemnity of 75 lac
In 1857 Ranbir Singh came into power ( son of Gulab singh)
Hari Singh ascended throne in 1925
(grandson of Ranbir Singh )
On 20 October 1947 tribesman backed by
Pakistan attacked J&K
26 October 1947 J & K become part of
India
Territory dispute among India,
Pakistan and China has led to unrest in
J&K
Geography Total area 2,22,236 km2 . India 60 % Pakistan 30% China 10%
Demographics
Division Population % Muslim % Hindu % Sikh % Buddhist / Other
Kashmir (53.9%)
54,76,970
97.16% 1.84% 0.88% 0.11%
Jammu (43.7%)
44,30,191 30.69% 65.23% 3.57% 0.51%
Ladakh (2.3%)
2,36,53947.40% 6.22%
--- 45.87%
Jammu & Kashmir
10,143,700 66.97%
29.63% 2.03% 1.36%
Politics
Currently ruled by National
conference & Indian national
congress coalition
govt.
After independence 1947
Mr. Sheikh Abdullah
Mr. Farooq
Abdullah
Mr. Omar Abdullah
Current Chief
Minister
Economy Predominantly dependent on agriculture and
allied activities. Kashmir valley is famous for Sericulture.
Wood from Kashmir is used to make high quality Cricket bats (Kashmir Willow) Kashmir Saffron is also very famous.
Agriculture exports include apples, barley, cherries, corn, millet, oranges, rice, peaches, pears, saffron, sorghum, vegetables.
Kashmir valley is also famous for Horticulture.
Products include apples, apricots, cherries, pears, plums, almonds.
In the fiscal year 2005–06, exports from the state amounted to Rs. 1,150 crore.
• Jammu & Kashmir’s GSDP(US$ billion)
3.8
3.5
3.4
4.5
5.9
5.4
5.1
7.9
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
2002-03
2001-02
2000-01
1999-00
2006-07
2005-06
2004-05
2003-04
2007-08
6.9
CAGR11.3%
GDP $7.48 billion
(Data 2009)
Key Industries
Horticulture Floriculture Handlooms and handicrafts Tourism Mineral-based industry Gems and jewellery Sericulture IT
IT and electron
ics
Policy thrust
Medium HighLow
Medium
Tourism
Horticulture
Gems andJewellery
Handlooms andhandicrafts
Sericulture
Mineral-basedindustry
Key industries with policy thrust and factor advantages
High
Factor advantages include benefits due to geographical location and availability of factors such as talent pool, natural resources and capital
Key Industrial areas Industrial complex, Bari Brahmana, Jammu Industrial estate, Gangyal, Jammu Industrial growth centre, Samba, Jammu Integrated infrastructure development project (IIDP),
Udhampur Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP), Katholi, Jammu Industrial area, Kathua Electronic complex, Rangreth, Srinagar Industrial complex, Lassipora, Pulwara, Kashmir Industrial complex, Khanmoh, Srinagar Industrial complex, Zainakote, Srinagar Industrial estate, Zakura, Srinagar Industrial growth centre, Ompura, Budgam
Pulwama Industrialcomplex
Jammu SEZ
Bari BrahmanaIndustrial complex
Gangyal IndustrialEstate
Agri processsing zonefor walnuts
Industrial growthcentre and exportpromotion industrialpark , KartholiTextiles park, Kathua
Industrialgrowthcentre,Samba
Zainakote andZakura industrialestates
Softwaretechnology park,Rangreth
Agri processingzone for apples
IntegratedInfrastructureDevelopmentProject, Udhampur
INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS
Industrial growthcentre, Badgam
Kashmir SEZ
ElectronicComplex, Rangreth
Khamoh IndustrialComplex
•As of December 2008,the outstandinginvestments in the state were US$ 6.9 billion.
Investments
Electricity; 48.80%
Services; 42.10%
Irrigation; 0.70%
Construction; 1.70%Manufacturing ; 6.30% Mining ; 0.30%
Existing Companies Name of the Industrial Group Investment (Rs. In Lac)
Dabur India Limited 1448.00
Berger Paints India Ltd. 3200.00
Coca Cola 6000.00
UK Paints 360.00
Reckitt Bankiser 4211.06
Cadila Pharmaceuticals 3000.00
Sun Pharma 2000.00
Neel Kamal Industrial Crafts 7150.00
Jai Beverages (PEPSI Group) 8100.00
Maral Overseas (Bhilwara Group) 3500.00
Surya Health Care Limited 8090.00
The state is one of the largest recipients of grants from New Delhi, totaling $ 812 million per year.
Before insurgency intensified in 1989, tourism formed an important part of the Kashmiri economy.
The Vaishno Devi yatra alone contributes Rs. 475 crore to the local economy annually.
Major issues
Territory Conflict Insurgency Article 370
Reasons for Insurgency
Humanitarian abuses
ISI’s role
Political rights
Mujahideen influence
Religion
Article 370
It grants special autonomous status.
This article specifies that except for Defense, Foreign Affairs, Finance the Indian parliament needs the State Government's concurrence for applying all other laws.
Indian citizens from other states and women from Jammu & Kashmir who marry men from other states can not purchase land or property in Jammu & Kashmir.
Word of Caution
Can unrest on Arab land produce ripple effect up to Kashmir ?
References
Ganguly Sumit,1997. The Crisis in Kashmir: Portents of War, Hopes of Peace, Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Cambridge University Press.
Kaul Shyam; Kachru Onkar (1998-01-01). Jammu, Kashmir, Ladakh: ringside views.
www.jkonline.org
www.jksidco.org www.jammu-kashmir.com www.mapsofindia.com www.jktourism.org
THANKS
HAVE A GOOD DAY