Information Operations Electronic Warfare (EW) lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)

Kennis elementen – inzet EOV – 1

Faculteit Militaire Wetenschappen

KTZ b.d. D.M. Ooms MScKTZ b.d. D.M. Ooms MScEmail: dm.ooms.02@nlda.nlEmail: dm.ooms.02@nlda.nl

Information OperationsInformation Operations

Electronic Warfare (EW)Electronic Warfare (EW)lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)

Information OperationsInformation Operations

Electronic Warfare (EW)Electronic Warfare (EW)lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)

Indeling presentatieIndeling presentatieIndeling presentatieIndeling presentatie

Bespreking huiswerkvraag 3e collegeBespreking huiswerkvraag 3e college

Inleiding EP, relatie met IOPSInleiding EP, relatie met IOPS

Toepassing EP - procedureelToepassing EP - procedureel

Toepassing EP - technischToepassing EP - technisch

TentameneisenTentameneisen

HuiswerkvraagHuiswerkvraagHuiswerkvraagHuiswerkvraag

Een vliegtuig dat wordt ingezet voor stand-off jamming heeft een minimum self-Een vliegtuig dat wordt ingezet voor stand-off jamming heeft een minimum self-screening range van 30 km. Om deze te verbeteren wordt het vliegtuig bij de screening range van 30 km. Om deze te verbeteren wordt het vliegtuig bij de midlife modernization uitgerust met stealth techniek, waardoor het midlife modernization uitgerust met stealth techniek, waardoor het radarreflecterend oppervlak met 3dB wordt teruggebracht. radarreflecterend oppervlak met 3dB wordt teruggebracht.

Hoeveel wordt de minimum self-screening range?Hoeveel wordt de minimum self-screening range? Stel dat defensiestaf overweegt, gezien de kosten van Stealth technologie, om Stel dat defensiestaf overweegt, gezien de kosten van Stealth technologie, om

in plaats daarvan het vermogen van de stoorzender te verhogen. Met hoeveel in plaats daarvan het vermogen van de stoorzender te verhogen. Met hoeveel dB moet het vermogen worden vergroot om hetzelfde effect te bereiken? dB moet het vermogen worden vergroot om hetzelfde effect te bereiken?

Opzet & overzicht collegesOpzet & overzicht collegesOpzet & overzicht collegesOpzet & overzicht collegesdatum onderwerp literatuur

05/11 Introduction EW, propagation

EW101 ch 1&2 tot 2.4 (p.1-20) Wikipedia art. EW (p. 1-3),Payne ch 6 intro (p. 83)Allen para 10.4.4 (p. 251-252)

19/11 Electronic Support

Payne ch 6 basic electronic combat rx (p. 83-86)EW101 para 8.2, 8.4, 8.5, 8.7 tot 8.7.4, 8.8 (20 p)Allen fig 4.1, para 10.1.2 (p.227-228)

26/11 Electronic Attack Payne ch 5 (tracking systems) azimuth & range tracking (p. 69-75), ch 6 electronic attack (p. 86-94, 9 p)EW101 ch 9 (jamming) tot para 9.4 (15 p)

3/12 Electronic Protection

EW101 ch 7 LPI signals (p. 123-142)Payne ch 6 electronic protection (p. 94-98)

• Military action to exploit the EM-spectrum, which encompasses:

- The interception and identification of EM-emissions,

- The employment of EM-energy, including directed energy, to reduce or prevent hostile use of the EM-spectrum,

- And actions to ensure its effective use by friendly forces.

ATP 1 vol 1 pt. 5101

Definitie Electronic Warfare

• Military action to exploit the EM-spectrum, which encompasses:

- The interception and identification of EM-emissions,

- The employment of EM-energy, including directed energy, to reduce or prevent hostile use of the EM-spectrum,

ATP 1 vol 1 pt. 5101

Definitie Electronic Warfare

- And actions to ensure its effective use by friendly forces.

Electronic protection (EP)

E S E A E P

EOV stamboom

EP: COM en NONCOManti ES & anti EAprocedureel & technisch

Electronic Protective MeasuresElectronic Protective Measures That division of EW involving actions taken to That division of EW involving actions taken to ensure friendly ensure friendly

effective useeffective use of the EM-spectrum, despite the enemy’s use of of the EM-spectrum, despite the enemy’s use of EM-energyEM-energy

ATP1 Vol.1 pt. 5101ATP1 Vol.1 pt. 5101

Definitie EPM

Information Superiority

The synergistic and systematic use of all tools as appropriate to create an effect which elicits a desired response.

Offensive CI• Electronic Warfare• Military Deception

• Computer Network Attack• Psychological Operations

• Physical Attack• Public Affairs

Information Operations

• ISR

• Precision Navigation & Positioning• Weather

• Public Affairs• Other

• Information Collection / Dissemination Activities

Information Warfare(attack/defend)

Counter Information

Defensive CI• Electronic Protection• Counter Deception

• Computer Network Defense• Counter Propaganda• Operations Security• Counter Intelligence

• Public Affairs

Information in Warfare(gain/exploit)

E S E A E P

Relatie EW - IOPS

Info verzamelenSensoren

Info uitwisselenCommunicatie

Gebruik EM spectrum

Gebruik EM Spectrum

ES Info verzamelenSensoren

Info uitwisselenCommunicatie

- Emission Policy (Emissie Beleid)- Emission Policy (Emissie Beleid) doel: bescherm radar parametersdoel: bescherm radar parameters doel: bescherm samenstelling eigen eenhedendoel: bescherm samenstelling eigen eenheden middel: EMCONPLANmiddel: EMCONPLAN

- Emission Security (Emissie Beveiliging)- Emission Security (Emissie Beveiliging) TRANSEC: keuze LPI freq, LPI technieken (freq hopping, TRANSEC: keuze LPI freq, LPI technieken (freq hopping,

direct sequence technieken)direct sequence technieken) COMSEC: authenticatie, encrypted callsigns, paper codes; COMSEC: authenticatie, encrypted callsigns, paper codes;

on-line crypto (secure voice, data)on-line crypto (secure voice, data)

Anti ES

Fight ThroughFight Through Technische maatregelen Technische maatregelen Gebruik alternatieve apparatuurGebruik alternatieve apparatuur Frequentie wisselen/spreidenFrequentie wisselen/spreiden

Anti EA

Anti-EA: effect frequentie spreidenAnti-EA: effect frequentie spreidenAnti-EA: effect frequentie spreidenAnti-EA: effect frequentie spreiden

Fight ThroughFight Through Technische maatregelen Technische maatregelen Gebruik alternatieve apparatuurGebruik alternatieve apparatuur Frequentie wisselen/spreidenFrequentie wisselen/spreiden Stoorbron vernietigenStoorbron vernietigen Dispositie eenhedenDispositie eenheden RapporterenRapporteren

Anti EA

Anti-EA: effect dispositie eenheden Anti-EA: effect dispositie eenheden Anti-EA: effect dispositie eenheden Anti-EA: effect dispositie eenheden

Fight ThroughFight Through Technische maatregelen Technische maatregelen Gebruik alternatieve apparatuurGebruik alternatieve apparatuur Frequentie wisselen/spreidenFrequentie wisselen/spreiden Stoorbron vernietigenStoorbron vernietigen Dispositie eenhedenDispositie eenheden RapporterenRapporteren

Anti ECM

EP techniek: radar ontwerp (Payne)EP techniek: radar ontwerp (Payne)EP techniek: radar ontwerp (Payne)EP techniek: radar ontwerp (Payne)

Power (airborne limitations)Power (airborne limitations) Frequency (agility, Doppler: eliminate chaff)Frequency (agility, Doppler: eliminate chaff) PRF (high PRF = high power, random = anti EA) PRF (high PRF = high power, random = anti EA) PW (high PW = high power, but trade-off in PW (high PW = high power, but trade-off in

minimum range & range resolution capability)minimum range & range resolution capability) Antenna design (low sidelobes: anti-ES & anti-EA)Antenna design (low sidelobes: anti-ES & anti-EA) Scan pattern (random: phased array; COSRO, Scan pattern (random: phased array; COSRO,

monopulse)monopulse) Signal processing: CFAR: Constant-False-Alarm-Signal processing: CFAR: Constant-False-Alarm-

Rate (disadvantage: weak signals lost)Rate (disadvantage: weak signals lost) Design philosophy: incorporate unpredictabilityDesign philosophy: incorporate unpredictability

EP techniek: EA ladder (Payne)EP techniek: EA ladder (Payne)EP techniek: EA ladder (Payne)EP techniek: EA ladder (Payne)

system

EP techniek: Anti-EA tracking (Payne)EP techniek: Anti-EA tracking (Payne)EP techniek: Anti-EA tracking (Payne)EP techniek: Anti-EA tracking (Payne)

Tracking on receive-only:

• Conical Scan On receive Only (COSRO)

• Monopulse

EP techniek: COSRO (1)EP techniek: COSRO (1)EP techniek: COSRO (1)EP techniek: COSRO (1)

EP techniek: COSRO (2)EP techniek: COSRO (2)EP techniek: COSRO (2)EP techniek: COSRO (2)

EP techniek:EP techniek:COSRO (3)COSRO (3)EP techniek:EP techniek:COSRO (3)COSRO (3)

EP techniek: Monopulse EP techniek: Monopulse EP techniek: Monopulse EP techniek: Monopulse

Payne fig 5-13 & 5-14

EP techniek:LPI technieken (EW 101)EP techniek:LPI technieken (EW 101)EP techniek:LPI technieken (EW 101)EP techniek:LPI technieken (EW 101)

EP kwantitatiefEP kwantitatief

Information Operations Electronic Warfare (EW) lecture 4 – Electronic Protection (EP)

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