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INDESO - KKP
Utilization of Radar data for Maritime Surveillance
INDESO Project
INDESO RADAR GROUND STATION
RADARSAT-2 AND COSMO-SKYMED
BALI
DENDY MAHABRORMARINE RESEARCH CENTER
INDESO - KKP
processing center
satelite radar
INDESOsatelit VMS
SISWASMAS
alat komunikasi
vessel monitoring system (VMS)
pusat kendali
radar pantai
CDB
kapal patroli
INDESO - KKP
Maritime Surveillance
Source: e-geos Telezpazio
INDESO - KKP
Maritime Radar Application
Why use radar satellite data?
• Wide areas monitoring in short time (Approx 2-3 hours)
• All weather conditions
• No geographical limits
• Operational cost reduction
Source: Italian Space Agency
INDESO - KKP
Satellite Technology
Optical Satellite Data Radar Satellite Data
OPTICAL • See colors• See shadows• See Surfaces
SAR • Perceive roughness/smoothness • Perceive wetness/dryness• Touch corners
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a radar form used to create two or three dimensional images of objects and as a complement to the capabilities of photographic imaging and other optical imaging because it is not limited by daylight or atmospheric conditions and because of the unique Response of terrain and cultural targets against the radar frequency.
INDESO - KKP
• Considerations about orbits and revisit (pros and cons of Sun Synchronous)
• Same/different orbit plans
All Weather / All Time Operations
INDESO - KKP
Electro-Optical vs SAR
• reflected sunlight - emits own radiation
• visible/infrared - microwave
• many channels - one channel
• NO Phase information - phase information (coherentdetection)
• close to Nadir - slant view
• day time - day/night
• blocked by clouds - cloud penetrating
Comparison of Optical and SAR Sensor
INDESO - KKP
Main Application (INDESO Project)
Ground Station
Satellite Data Processing Main Application
IUU Fishing and Oil Spill
INDESO - KKP
• Hosts the INDESO Core System and operational team
• Located in Perancak, Bali Island
Operational center in Jembrana - Bali
INDESO - KKP
RADARSAT-2 Partners
INDESO - KKP
INDESO - KKP
VMS
>30GT >300GT
Radarsat-2 (Canada)
Cosmo SkyMed(Italy)
Sat-AIS
RADAR OPERATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Online-realtime
Online-realtime
real
tim
e
Broadcast
Illegal Fishing Oil Spill
INDESO Daily Operation (Oct 2014 – June 2017)
INDESO - KKP
INDESO - KKP
Reflected signal from ships (bright) and backscattering (dark) from the sea surface
Reflection from objects at the sea surface
INDESO - KKP
The Effect of The Incidence Angle
INDESO - KKP
Radar Image Processing
Natuna (Widefine Beam Mode)
Natuna (Extended Beam Mode)
Sulawesi (Extended Beam Mode)
Vessel Fishing (Non-Transmitter)Vessel Fishing (Transmitter)Other Vessel
INDESO - KKP
Echo non-transmitter
INDESO - KKP
Echo non-transmitter
Echo transmitter (VMS)
Echo transmitter (AIS)
INDESO - KKP
Area of Interest
VMS VMS
VMS
INDESO - KKP
Percentage Echo Transmitter 2015
Density of Fishing Vessel
INDESO - KKP
Percentage Echo Transmitter 2016
Density of Fishing Vessel
Coordinates china coastguard Coordinates Vietnam coastguard
INDESO - KKP
Target Operation
INDESO - KKP
4 Fishing Vessel Philippines1 Fishing Vessel Vietnam102 crews of fishing vessel
8 Fishing Vessel Philippines 4 Malaysia Fishing Vessels
3 Vietnam Fishing Vessels
8 Vietnam Fishing Vessels 3 Fishing Vessel Philippines
Feedback
INDESO - KKP
Oil Spill Visibility by SAR
Optimal wind conditions for oil detection by SAR:
Oil spill is detected by SAR as a dark area in contrast to the clean sea surface that is brighter.
However, for wind < 2 m/s:background scattering is very low and most of the contrast between clean sea and oil is lost;
for wind > 14 m/s:contrast is lost because (i) at the surface there’s a mixture of sea water and oil,and (ii) with strong winds capillary waves form also for the sea water/oilmixture.
Wind speed range for oil spill detection is 2 - 14 m/s.The optimal wind speed range is 3 - 6 m/s
INDESO - KKP
Natuna, 22 Oktober 2016
1. There are oil spills from discharge a vessel : length of oil is 38 km
2. The suspect vessel is Prosperity Tanker (Bakamla, 2016)
OIL SPILL DETECTION
INDESO - KKP
Oil Spill Detection in Malacca Strait
INDESO - KKP
Oil Spill Detection in Natuna Sea
Indonesia
INDESO - KKP
Oil Spill in Indonesian Waters
Total Area of Oil Spill 2408,26 Km2
INDESO - KKP
T H A N K Y O UT E R I M A K A S I H
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