HOW TO BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN TOWN AND …...Association of Cities and Regions for recycling and...

HOW TO BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN TOWN

AND COUNTRY ?

Jean-Benoit Bel | Phosphorus a Limited Ressource – Closing the Loop| 28/10/2016

Association of Cities and Regions for recycling

and sustainable resource management

Non profit international

association

• 90 members

• 23 countries

• 1100 local authorities

International

network

To promote a sustainable management of material resources

through prevention at source, reuse and recycling

Multi-stakeholders

approach

Publications Conferences Webinars News

R4R expert group meeting, Athens,

13 December 2012Join us: http://www.acrplus.org/index.php/en/about-acr/join-us

Bio-waste ?

Bio-waste includes:– Biodegradable waste

from park and garden– Food and kitchen waste

from households, restaurants, caterers, retailers

– Comparable waste from food processing plants

By-products (e.g. feed) from production: not included

Food waste production

Food waste in Europe: about 100 Mt/yr

170 kg/cap/yr

Losses: 143 billion euros per year (Fusions)

Production11%

Processing19%

Wholesale and retail

5%Food service

12%

Households53%

Reasons behind food waste

Edible food waste:

– Non compliant products

– Expired products

– Rests from meals…

Inedible food waste:

– Preparation of products/meals

– Unedible parts of meals (eggshells, bones…)

EU Legislation

Waste framework Directive

Animal by products

Landfill Directive

Current management

About 30 % of bio-waste recovered:

– Compost (mainly)

– Anaerobic digestion: biogas/biomethane

Rest: mixed with residual waste and landfilled/incinerated

– GHG emissions

– Lost potential

Sorting bio-waste

2 methods:

– Separation at the source

– MBT

Treatment of bio-waste: composting

O2water

Bio-waste

leachate

Compost (~45%)

Anaerobic digestion

O2 water

Bio-waste

Digestate

Biogaz Heat / electricity

biomethane

Use on land

Liquid fertilizer + compost

Municipal bio-waste: benchmark

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Main fractions sent to recycling (kg/cap)

Recyclable material Biowaste WEEE Hazardous Other

Municipal bio-waste: benchmark

0

50

100

150

200

250

Flanders (BE) Odense (DK) Styria (AT) Catalonia (ES) Limerick (IE) Ile-de-France(FR)

Milano (IT) Lisbon (PT) Attica region(GR)

Bio-waste recycling (kg/inh)

in residual waste

sum sorting stages, treatment incineration/landfill

sum sorting stages, treatment DREC

PROVINCE OF STYRIA

• 80s: low landfilling capacities• 1987: first pilots• 1990: waste plan with targets on

bio-waste recycling• Currently: 80 kg/cap• Compostion and AD

LIMERICK COUNTY

• Legislation making collection mandatory for commercial waste (2009) and households (2013)

• Household: mandatory to compost, sort or bring bio-waste to recycling centre

• Implementation depending on cities’ population – 100% in 2016

Catalonia

• Several drivers: reduce landfilling, improve soils quality

• Collection for 95% of the population

• Collection of market and catering waste

• Set with financial instruments

One example: city of Milan

For SMALL BUILDINGS (on request)

HDPE

brown 35 lt.

bin with

handle

and lock

10 lt.

ventilated

kitchen bin

120 lt. bin 25 free

compostable

bags

For LARGE BUILDINGS

2011 2012 2013 2014

691.806 666.418 649.838 660.200

523 503 480 493

*

*

* 2014 Forecast Source: AMSA

65.5% 63.2% 56.6%

51%*12.0% 12.3%

12.7%

12.7%

18.1%

11.2%

6.2%

9.5%

5.3%

9.2%

4.5% 5.2% 6.0% 6.3%

9.6% 9.7%

3.5% 3,6% 3.9% 4.2%

Total MSW (t)

MSW per capita(kg/inh. *year)

Residual waste

Paper andcardboard

Biowaste

Glass

Plastic andmetals

WEEE, Bulkywaste and other

49%

*

Prevention

Part of food waste: avoidable– Reduction at the

source

– Re-use

– Food donation

On-site composting– Home composting

– Collective composting

Use of compost and digestate

Crucial question:– Local users?

– Importance of quality: quality of input + independent control

– Guidelines for users

End of Waste criteria:– Under definition

– Could contribute to its development

Challenges?

Much potential– Compost / fertilizer

– Energy

– Reduction of GHG emissions

– Revenues?

Some challenges:– Organisation in dense cities?

– Legal / sanitary issues

– Costs ?

DECISIVE Project

DECISIVE: a decentralised management scheme for innovative valorisation of urban bio-waste

Horizon 2020 project (2016-2020)

“Closing the organic loop”

13 partners

DECISIVE project

URBAN AREA

PERI URBAN AREA

EXTRA URBAN AREA

FOOD

ENERGY

BIO-WASTE

DECISIVE project

URBAN AREA

PERI URBAN AREA

EXTRA URBAN AREA

FOOD

ENERGY

BIO-WASTE

Urban farms

Thank youwww.acrplus.org

Contact: jbb@acrplus.org