Hultabygdens KretsloppsföreningHultabygdens Kretsloppsförening ––The Hulta communityThe Hulta community recycling recycling associationassociation

Cooperation between households and Cooperation between households and farms, 30 km south of Linköpingfarms, 30 km south of Linköping

Main aim is to adapt existing settlements Main aim is to adapt existing settlements to a recycling societyto a recycling society

SustainabilitySustainability

With the concept of sustainability is often meant long term With the concept of sustainability is often meant long term sustainability. The aim is to develop systems that are sustainability. The aim is to develop systems that are sustainable.sustainable.

Its obvious that the ecological system is the overall Its obvious that the ecological system is the overall system. It is managed by natural law and because of this system. It is managed by natural law and because of this not negotiable. not negotiable.

Economic and social sustainability is as necessary, but Economic and social sustainability is as necessary, but has a completely different character. Social and has a completely different character. Social and economical factors can, contrary to ecological boundaries, economical factors can, contrary to ecological boundaries, be controlled and changed by human decisions. be controlled and changed by human decisions.

We can and ought to create necessary economic and We can and ought to create necessary economic and social conditions to enable ecological sustainability. But social conditions to enable ecological sustainability. But there is no way to move ecological boundaries to fit to there is no way to move ecological boundaries to fit to economic or social desires economic or social desires

The three systems that The three systems that control and influence uscontrol and influence us

Human beings

Economy Technique

Nature

Production of food Production of food

In a sustainable society it’s obvious that the food is organically producedIn a sustainable society it’s obvious that the food is organically produced.. Organic agriculture is a farming system based on recycling and the use of Organic agriculture is a farming system based on recycling and the use of

renewable resources. This increases the possibilities to economize with nutrients renewable resources. This increases the possibilities to economize with nutrients and reduce the leakage.and reduce the leakage.

This maintains the long term production capacity of the soil. This maintains the long term production capacity of the soil. This maintains the biodiversity in the farming landscape (e.g. due to that insects is This maintains the biodiversity in the farming landscape (e.g. due to that insects is

not sprayed with pesticides, which is good also for birds feeding on insects). not sprayed with pesticides, which is good also for birds feeding on insects). This gives the animal good living conditions.This gives the animal good living conditions. By not adding chemical pesticides the diffusion of chemicals is reduced in the By not adding chemical pesticides the diffusion of chemicals is reduced in the

world. world.

It is also obvious food is locally producedIt is also obvious food is locally produced. . There is no reason to transport food longer distances than necessary. There is no reason to transport food longer distances than necessary. Local production give provision for living and employment in the local community.Local production give provision for living and employment in the local community. Societies which are striving to be as self-sufficient as possible are less vulnerable Societies which are striving to be as self-sufficient as possible are less vulnerable

in case a crisis of any kind.in case a crisis of any kind. Close relations creates identity and trust Close relations creates identity and trust

How to enhance consumption How to enhance consumption of local products?of local products?

Create possibilities to store. To buy local often result in that one Create possibilities to store. To buy local often result in that one has to buy larger quantities at fewer occasions (at harvest or has to buy larger quantities at fewer occasions (at harvest or slaughter). Eventually it is necessary to store the annual use of slaughter). Eventually it is necessary to store the annual use of the product. the product.

Make buying easy and comfortable. Otherwise it is easy to buy Make buying easy and comfortable. Otherwise it is easy to buy the products when shopping in the ordinary grocery shop.the products when shopping in the ordinary grocery shop.

Have good and easy information about the assortment, so that Have good and easy information about the assortment, so that everyone knows what available to buy. everyone knows what available to buy.

Make the price attractive. When omitting middlemen the Make the price attractive. When omitting middlemen the possibilities that both producers and consumers will gain on the possibilities that both producers and consumers will gain on the business increases. business increases.

Increase the understanding of the value in local production Increase the understanding of the value in local production

Sewage, nutrient recyclingSewage, nutrient recycling

The main part of the nutrients that flows through a household will end up in the toilet. About 80% will be found in the The main part of the nutrients that flows through a household will end up in the toilet. About 80% will be found in the urine. We have to find methods to safely recycle the nutrients in our sewage. Because these nutrients urine. We have to find methods to safely recycle the nutrients in our sewage. Because these nutrients originate from the fields.originate from the fields.

The association has planed the work in four steps, on basis of what is economically possible:The association has planed the work in four steps, on basis of what is economically possible:

1. An environmentally sound spreading of three camber gullies directly on the field1. An environmentally sound spreading of three camber gullies directly on the field 2. Urine separation – local use2. Urine separation – local use 3. Separation + composting of faeces – local use 3. Separation + composting of faeces – local use 4. Biological cleaning of water from bath, wash and laundry with the use of nutrient uptake in crops. 4. Biological cleaning of water from bath, wash and laundry with the use of nutrient uptake in crops.

Since 1994 we have taken care of the sewage from our 30 households and recycled it back to the fields.The first Since 1994 we have taken care of the sewage from our 30 households and recycled it back to the fields.The first years we spread the sewage directly on the field after analysis. Later a dehydrating car (avvattningsbil) have years we spread the sewage directly on the field after analysis. Later a dehydrating car (avvattningsbil) have been used that make our 90 cubic metre of sludge into 4 cubic metre of material that could be composted.been used that make our 90 cubic metre of sludge into 4 cubic metre of material that could be composted.

The year 2000 the association participated in a local investment program with the name “Hultabygden – a model The year 2000 the association participated in a local investment program with the name “Hultabygden – a model

area for local recirculation of nutrients”. area for local recirculation of nutrients”.

This resulted in that we today have 18 households with separation of urine. This resulted in that we today have 18 households with separation of urine.

Energy Energy

In a recycling society the energy use is based In a recycling society the energy use is based on renewable energy sources such as sun on renewable energy sources such as sun wind and water. wind and water.

Wood is the most used source of heat in the Wood is the most used source of heat in the community. Some households have installed community. Some households have installed sun panels, some have heat pumps and others sun panels, some have heat pumps and others have bought in shares in wind power. have bought in shares in wind power.

On the fuel side there is much to do, even if On the fuel side there is much to do, even if some in the community drive on rape seed oil some in the community drive on rape seed oil or biogas. or biogas.

Only together we can Only together we can changechange

A sense of community is a strong driving A sense of community is a strong driving force that ties people together in the force that ties people together in the community. community.

Through e.g. social activities we spread Through e.g. social activities we spread ideas and knowledge around what we ideas and knowledge around what we are working for – the ideas about are working for – the ideas about recycling.recycling.

Manicken PizzManicken Pizz

Energy use under different Energy use under different condtionscondtions

Energy

Time

From storages

Flowes from the sun

The impact on the development of The impact on the development of the society of the supply of energythe society of the supply of energy

Energyuse

TransportExport Import

Industrial farming Big city

Sundrivenekosystem

FERTILIZERPESTICIDESHERBICIDESDETERGENT

S

MINERALPHOSPHORUS

OIL & NATURAL GAS

MINES

Food

P

P

PWASTE orLEAKAGE

P FLOWS FROM SOURCES TO

SEA

P

RESOURCE DEPLETIONRESOURCE DEPLETION HIGH ENERGY DEMANDHIGH ENERGY DEMAND POTENTIAL SUPPLY DISRUPTIONSPOTENTIAL SUPPLY DISRUPTIONS POLLUTIONPOLLUTION

FOSSIL ENERGY

STORAGES

INDUSTRY

AGRICULTURE

CITIES

WATERS

Linear flowsLinear flows

FG

Balanced agriculture: Animals are fed with

plants growing from their manure ─ about 80%

circulation of nutrients

PO4

Feed Manure

One hectare:

The solution to linear flows:• circular flows• nutrient recycling

.. but 3-4 kg of the phosphorus (20%) is exported as food

The 3-4 kg amounts to the P content of the excrements from 5 persons

PO4

Feed Manure

Food

Urine

= 0,2 ha/pers

One hectare:

.. these nutrients must be returned to close the cycle

With source-separating toilets,

nutrients can be recycled

PO4

Feed Manure

Food

Urine

PO

4

= 0,2 ha/pers

One hectare:

Obstacles Obstacles

A continuous supply of cheap energy. A continuous supply of cheap energy. The large scale structure. The large scale structure. That we don’t realise that there is both That we don’t realise that there is both

economic and uneconomic growth. economic and uneconomic growth. That the gap between poor and rich That the gap between poor and rich

continue to increase.continue to increase.

Success factors Success factors

+ When other values than material gain in + When other values than material gain in importance. importance.

+ When each of us take responsibility for our + When each of us take responsibility for our on sufficiency – high self-sufficiency. on sufficiency – high self-sufficiency.

+ Encourage positive examples+ Encourage positive examples + Cooperate with nature instead of conquer it. + Cooperate with nature instead of conquer it. + When costs for environmental damages are + When costs for environmental damages are

made visible. made visible.

Agriculture with climate Agriculture with climate care care

Farmers and researchers do research together to develop sustainable and climate neutral agriculture.

This is done, with basis in research and practical reality, with the aim of: Developing and assessing tools and methods for the changes needed Learning together, inspire and talk about sustainability with people

around.

Our idea is agriculture - Where oil is exchanged by renewable resources and services. Based on recycling That uses biological diversity as tools in production That is multifunctional That is fair