Hospital Incinerator operator Course: Volume I1infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/15/14225.pdf · e pa - 45 0...

&EPA Hospital Incinerator operator Training Course: Volume I1 Presentation Slides

E PA - 45 0 / 3 - 8 9 -0 0 4

HOSPITAL INCINERATOR OPERATOR

TRAINING COURSE:

VOLUME I I P R ES EN TAT1 0 N S L I DES

CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CENTER

SPONSORED BY:

Emission Standards Div is ion O f f i ce of A i r Qua l i t y Planning and Standards

U.S. Environmental Pro tec t ion Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

A i r and Energy Engineer ing Research Labora tory O f f i ce o f Research and Development U.S. Environmental Pro tec t ion Agency '

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

Center for Environmental Research In format ion O f f i ce o f Research and Development U.S. Environmental Pro tec t ion Agency

Cincinnati , OH 46268

March 1989

EPA-450/3-89-004 March 1989

HOSPITAL INCINERATOR OPERATOR TRAINING COURSE: VOLUME I 1

PRESENTATION SLIDES

EPA Contract No. 68-02-4395 Work Assignment 16

Prepared by:

Midwest Research Institute Suite 350

401 Harrison Oaks Boulevard Cary, North Carolina 27513

Prepared for:

James A. Eddinger Office o f Air Quality Planning and Standards

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

Control Technology Center U. S. Environmental Protection Agency

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

0 ISCLAIMER

This document generally describes the proper operation of a hospital waste incinerator. It is based on EPA's review and assessment of various scientific and technical sources. The EPA does not represent that this document comprehensively sets forth procedures f o r incinerator operation, or that it describes applicable legal requirements, which vary according to an incinerator's location. Proper operation o f an incinerator is the responsibility o f the owner and operator.

endorsement or recommendation for use. Mention o f trade names or commercial products does not constitute

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This document was prepared by Midwest Research Institute located in Cary, North Carolina. Principal authors were Roy Neulicht and Linda Chaput; Dennis Wallace, Mark Turner, and Stacy Smith were contributing authors. Participating on the project team for the EPA were Ken Durkee and James Eddinger of the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Charles Masser of Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, James Topsale of Region 111, Charles Pratt of the Air Pollution Training Institute, and Justice Manning of the Center for Environmental Research Information. Also participating on the project team were Carl York and William Paul of the Maryland Air Management Administration.

Numerous persons were very helpful throughout this project and provided information and comments for these course materials. below are some who deserve special acknowledgement for their assistance.

Listed

Mr. Larry Doucet, Doucet and Mainka, who provided a thorough review of the student handbook.

The following persons and facilities who provided our staff access to their facilities:

Messrs. Steve Shuler and Greg Swan, Joy Energy Systems; William Tice, Rex Hospital; Dean Clark, Bio-Medical Services, Inc.; Gary Kamp, Presbyterian--University Medical Center; Don Rust, Duke University Medical Center; Chip Priester, Southland Exchange Joint Venture; and Gregory Price, The Johns Hopkins Hospital.

The following manufacturers who provided us with detailed operating and maintenance information:

Joy Energy Systems, John Zink Company, Cleaver Brooks, and Industronics.

Mr. Charles Bollack and his staff, Mercy Medical Center, who hosted the first trial run of this course and Mr. Robert J. Winterbottom, R. J. Winterbottom, Inc., who assisted during the course at Mercy Medical Center.

PREFACE

The program for development of a training course for operators of hospital medical waste incinerators was funded as a project of EPA's Control Technology Center (CTC)

(ORD) and Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) to provide technical assistance to State and local air pollution control cgencies. Three levels of assistance can be accessed through the CTC. First, a CTC HOTLINE has been established to provide telephone assistance on matters relating to air pollution control technology. Second, more in-depth engineering assistance can be provided when appropriate. Third, the CTC can provide technical guidance through publication of technical guidance documents, development of personal computer software, and presentation of workshops on control technology matters. The technical guidance projects, such as this one to develop training materials for hospital waste incinerator operators, focus on topics of national or regional interest that are identified through contact with State and local agencies.

The CTC became interested in developing a basic training course for operators of hospital waste incinerators with the idea that properly trained operators can improve operating and maintenance procedures and, consequently, minimize air emissions. This training course was prepared to provide the operator with a basic understanding of the principles of incineration and air pollution control and to identify, in a general sense, good operating practices. substitute for site-specific hands-on training o f h e operator with the specific equipment to be operated.

The CTC was established by EPA's Office of Research and Development

The course is not intended as a

The course consists of three volumes: Volume I--Student Handbook Volume 11--Course Presentation Slides Volume 111--Instructor Handbook This volume contains the classroom materials including a copy of the

presentation slides and student worksheets. A copy of the presentation slides is provided in Part I so that you can easily follow along during the class. You may want to make notes on the slides to remind yourself later of important points brought up by the instructor or other students. Several worksheets also are included in Part 11. Your instructor will allow time for you to complete these worksheets during class

CONTENTS

PART I: COURSE SL IDES

COURSE INTRODUCTION

SESSION 1. PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT - YOUR RESPONSIB IL ITY

SESSION 2. BASIC COMBUSTION P R I N C I P L E S

SESSION 3. BASIC INCINERATOR DESIGN

SESSION 4.

SESSION 5. MONITORING AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS

A I R POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT DESIGN AND FUNCTIONS

SESSION 6. INCINERATOR OPERATION

SESSION 7. A I R POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS OPERATION

SESSION 8. MAINTENANCE INSPECTION--A NECESSARY PART OF YOUR JOB

SESSION 9. TYPICAL PROBLEMS

SESSION 10. STATE REGULATIONS

SESSION 11. SAFETY: AN IMPORTANT PART OF YOUR JOB

L I S T OF SOURCES FOR DRAWINGS

PART 11: CLASSROOM WORKSHEETS

1. INCINERATOR SYSTEM INFORMATION

4. OPERATING REVIEW

5. OPERATING PROBLEMS REVIEW

7. SAFETY REVIEW

PART C.

REFERENCES FOR SLIDES

References for Slides

Session 2

1. McRee, R. Operation and Maintenance of Controlled Air Incinerators. Ecolaire Environmental Control Products. Undated.

Session 3

Air Pollution Control District of Los Angeles County. Air Pollution Engineering Manual, 2nd Edition AP-40. (NTIS PB 225132). U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. May 1973.

Ecolaire Combustion Products, Inc. Technical Article: Principles of Controlled Air Incineration. Undated.

McRee, R. Operation and Maintenance of Controlled Air Incinerators. Ecolaire Environmental Control Products. Undated.

Consertherm Systems@. Industronics, Inc. Undated.

Technical Data Form for Rotary Kiln.

Doucet, L. Waste Handling Systems and Equipment. Fire Protection Handbook, 16th edition. National Fire Protection Association.

Consertherm Systems". Industronics, Inc. Undated.

Technical Data Form for Rotary Ki In.

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Source Category Survey: Industri a1 Inci nerators. EPA 450/3-80-013. (NTIS PB 80-193303) May 1980.

Session 4

1. Joseph, J. and D. Beachler. APTI Course SI:412C, Wet Scrubber Plan Review Self-Instructional Guidebook. EPA 450/2-82-020, U. S, Environmental Protection Agency. March 1984.

2. U. 5. Environmental Protection Agency. Control Techniques f o r Particulate Emissions from Stationary Sources, Volume 1. €PA 450/3-81-005a. (NTIS PB 83-127498) September 1982.

3. Beachler, 0. and M. Peterson. APTI Course SI:412A, Baghouse Plan Review Student Guidebook. EPA 450/2-82-005. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency . April 1982.

Session 5

1. Cleaver Brooks". Operation, Maintenance, and Parts Manual for the Pyrolytic Incinerator. Publication No. CEK 6826. September 1988.

2. Jahnke, J. APT1 Course SI:476A, Transmissometer Systems Operation and Maintenance, an Advanced Course. EPA 450/2-84-004. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C. September 1984.

Session 6

1. McRee,, R. Operation and Maintenance of Controlled Incinerators. Ecolaire Environmental Control Products. Undated.

Session 9

1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Workbook for Operators of Small Boilers and Incinerators. EPA 450/9-76-001. March 1976.

PART I. SLIDE PRESENTATION

This section presents the s l ides and worksheets which w i l l be used during the classroom por t ion o f the course. session. The sl ides presented here w i l l be supplemented w i th actual photographs (which are not presented i n t h i s hand-out) during the presentation. Some drawings have been taken from other documents; the sources for these drawings are l i s t e d a t the end o f t h i s part.

The s l ides are organized by

COURSE GOALS

T O PROVIDE YOU W I T H AN UNDERSTANDING OF:

-- BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INCINERATION -- PROPER OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PRACTICES -- REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS AND SAFETY CONCERNS

UPON COMPLETING THIS COURSE YOU SHOULD:

UNDERSTAND A I R P O L L U T I O N PROBLEMS AND HOW TO M I N I M I Z E THEM

UNDERSTAND THE CAUSE OF COMMON OPERATING PROBLEMS AND S A F E T Y HAZARDS AND HOW TO M I N I M I Z E THEM

KNOW HOW TO MONITOR OPERATION TO AID IN COMPLYING W I T H REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

SESSION 1.

PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT - YOUR RESPONSIBILITY

WHY INCINERATE?

REDUCES WEIGHT AND VOLUME OF WASTE

STERILIZES THE WASTE

DESTROYS ORGANIC M A T E R I A L S THAT MAY DEGRADE AND PRODUCE HARMFUL BY-PRODUCTS I N L A N D F I L L S

AESTHETIC REASONS--DESTROYS WASTES SUCH AS BODY PARTS THAT P U B L I C F I N D S OBJECTIONABLE

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS

PATHOGEN DESTRUCTION

A I R EMISSIONS

ASH QUALITY

Particulate Carbon Organic Monoxide

ComPuMS;\ I[- Metals Toxic

Fugitive Particulate *\: 1-1 7 /(windblown ash)

Waste Feed (May contain pathogens)

(May contain pathogens) ( /

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS

. THE OPERATOR--YOUR ROLE

I T I S YOUR ROLE AND R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y TO PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT B Y :

MINIMIZING POLLUTANT EMISSIONS THROUGH PROPER OPERAT I ON

MAINTAINING ACCEPTABLE ASH QUALITY THROUGH PROPER OPERATION

PREVENT I NG PART I CULATE EM I SS I O N S FROM ASH HANDLING AND STORAGE

IDENTIFYING MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS B Y PERFORMING REGULAR I N S P E C T I O N S

SESSION 2.

BASIC COMBUSTION PRINCIPLES

Organics in Auxilary

Combustion Gases

Energy f - 0 2 Air

Organics in Hospital Waste

I I I Heat

THE COMBUSTION PROCESS

Combustion Air

/ N2 (79%) /

React 0 -

- I 02(21%) 0 \ \ \

Carbon and

Hydrogen 4

I Organic Feed and Fuel

FATE OF COMBUSTION AIR

Organic Feed and Fuel

FATE OF COMBUSTION AIR

OXYGEN REACTION

OPERATING FACTORS RELATED TO COHBUSTI ON

COMBUSTION A I R FLOW RATE D I S T R I B U T I O N

OPERATING TEMPERATURES

W A S T E FEED CHARACTERISTICS

-a Organics

Combustion 0 2 Air b

Waste I Fuel Organics

STOICHIOMETRIC AIR LEVEL

Combustio Air

Waste/ Fuel

AIR LEVEL BELOW STOICHIOMETRIC "STA RV E D- A I R "

W m a T D Organics

Combustion Air 4

AIR LEVEL ABOVE STOICHIOMETRIC "EXCESS AIR"

TEMPERATURE

MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE

DEFICIENT AIR i EXCESS AIR

PERCENT EXCESS AIR - CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE A S A FUNCTION OF E X C E S S A I R ’

W A S T E TYPE

HOSP I TAL WASTE CHARACTER I STI CS

HIGH HEAT HEAT VALUE

BTU/LB x BTU/LB VALUE Mo I STURE , AS-F I RED ,

G A U Z E , PADS, SWABS, 8,000-12,000 0-30 5,600- 12,000 GARMENTS , PAPER

PLAST I cs

HUMAN ANATOMICAL

9,700-20 I 000 0-1 9,600-20,000

8,000-12,000 70-90 800-3,600

KEY OPERATING PARAMETERS

COMBUSTION AIR

, M I X I N G

TEMPERATURE

RESIDENCE TIME/RETENTION TIME

W A S T E CHARACTERISTICS -- HEATING VALUE -- MOISTURE CONTENT -- CHLORINE CONTENT

a- Waste1

Ash-lnoqanrs No Pathogens -. Sterile -+- .. Not Combustible

COMPLETE COMBUSTION

INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION

OPACITY

Poor Mixing

Starved-Air Conditions

Low Temperatures

AcidGases

Low 0, -- INSUFFICIENT AIR

HIGH 0, -- TOO MUCH EXCESS AIR COOLS G A S

HIGH CO M E A N S POOR COMBUSTION

ASH QUALITY

VISUAL APPEARANCE

NO RECOGNIZABLE M E D I C A L WASTES

BURNOUT--CARBON REMA I N I NG -- WHITISH GRAY VS BLACK

SESSION 3 .

BASIC INCINERATOR DESIGN

loool To Atmosphere

t Control and

I I I I I I

Stack 1 I I

Monitoring L - - - - - - -

To Atmosphere

Stack I

I I ' r------ 1 1

I I Air I I I

Waste (.Waste 1 i I System I

System Removal

M A J ~ R COMPONENTS OF AN INCINERATION SYSTEM

I NC I NERATOR TYPES

MULTIPLE CHAMBER--EXCESS AIR

CONTROLLED ( S T A R V E D ) A I R

ROTARY KILN

MULTI PLE-CHAMBER INCINERATORS

COMBUSTION OCCURS I N TWO OR M O R E CHAMBERS

P R I M A R Y A N D SECONDARY CHAMBER OPERATE W I T H A I R LEVELS ABOVE STOICHIOMETRIC

P R I M A R I L Y USE O V E R F I R E COMBUSTION A I R

IN-LINE AND RETORT DESIGNS

UOlWkJ3NI3NI tJIV-SS33X3 'tJ3ffWVH3-3ldIllflW 3NIl-NI 1

Charging

RETORT MULTI PLE-CHAMBER, EXCESS-A I R I NC I NERATOR 1

CONTROLLED-A I R I NCI NERATI ON

COMBUSTION OCCURS IN TWO OR MORE CHAMBERS

AMOUNTS AND DISTRIBUTION OF COMBUSTION A I R TO EACH CHAMBER ARE CONTROLLED -- PRIMARY CHAMBER BELOW S T O I C H I O M E T R I C -- SECONDARY CHAMBER ABOVE S T O I C H I O M E T R I C

i TEMPERATURE

PRIMARY SECONDARY CHAMBER OPERATING I CHAMBER OPERATING RANGE RANGE I

EXCESS AIR 1 DEFICIENT AIR I

PERCENT EXCESS AIR

CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE AS A FUNCTION OF E X C E S S AIR

7 COMBUSTION GASES

MAIN BURNER FOR MAINTAINING

SECONDARY CHAMBER MINIMUM COMBUSTION Volatlle Content IS Bumed TEMPERATURE

4/ - Under Excess Air Conditions

(Starved Air Condltion) - WASTE FEED

NON-COMBUSTIBLES

AUXllAR IGNITION BURNER

CONTROLLED UNDERFIRE AIR FOR BURNING "FIXED CARBON

PRINCIPLE OF CONTROLLED-AIR INCINERATION

Control Panel

Secondary Bumer

Primary Combustion Air Bumer Blower

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF A CONTROLLED-AIR INCINERATOR

ROTARY K I LNS

COMBUSTION OCCURS IN MULTIPLE CHAMBERS

PRIMARY CHAMBER IS ROTATING CYLINDER --PRODUCES TURBULENCE I N WASTE BED

& v i ' Scrubber

- 1 - 1 ._

ROTARY KILN WITH AUGER FEED4

OPERATING MODE

SINGLE BATCH

INTERMITTENT DUTY

CONTINUOUS DUTY

WASTE FEED LOAD I NG/CHARGI NG SYSTEMS

CONSISTENT W I T H INCINERATOR C A P A C I T Y

CONSISTENT W I T H OPERATING MODE

MANUAL vs MECHANICAL vs AUTOMATED

S L I D E 3-14

Hydraulic Fire e,

Hydraulic Ram Actuator

HOPPER RAM ASSEMBLY’

SRCl FIRE W O R OPENS

S R C 4 FIRE OOOR CLOSES

S W S RAM WTIJRNS TO START

HOPPER RAM CHARGING SEQUENCE

ASH DISCHARGE AND REMOVAL SYSTEMS

CONSISTENT W I T H OPERATING MODE

CONSISTENT W I T H CAPACITY

M A N U A L vs M E C H A N I C A L

HECHAN I CAL ASH REMOVAL

TRANSFER OF ASH TO END OF HEARTH

COLLECT I ON CONTA I NER

TRANSFER FROM COLLECTION POINT

To Boiler

Secondary Burner

Primary Bumer

Ash Transfer Rams

Ash Chute ’ ’P Ash Discharge Ram

Ash Quench

INCINERATOR WITH STAGED HEARTH AND AUTOMATIC ASH REMOVAL ’

COHBUSTI ON GAS HANDL I NG SYSTEMS

NATURAL DRAFT

INDUCED DRAFT

BALANCED DRAFT

HAJOR COMPONENTS OF BURNER SYSTEM

FORCED AIR BLOWER(S)

FUEL TRAIN

PILOT AND M A I N BURNER

FLAME SAFE GUARD SYSTEM

4 Bypass Stack

ID Fan

I N C I N E R A T O R W I T H WASTE HEAT B O I L E R A N D BYPASS STACK*

SESSION 4 ,

A I R POLLUTION CONTROL EQU I PMENT

DESIGN AND FUNCTIONS

CONTROL STRATEG I ES FOR A I R POLLUTANTS

POLLUTANT CONTROL Particulate Hydrochloric Tox i c Toxic Carbon strategy matter acid organics metals monoxide

Contro 1 1 i ng X feed material

Combustion control

Add-on pollution control equipment:

Spray tower a

Venturi X

Packed- bed a

Fabric filter X

Dry inject ionb X

Dry scrubberb X

‘Achieves 1 imited control ; not designed for high efficiency. bFol lowed by high-efficiency particulate control.

A I R POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR HOSPITAL WASTE I NCINEMTORS

W E T SCRUBBERS -- SPRAY TOWERS -- VENTURI SCRUBBERS -- PACKED-BED SCRUBBERS

FABRIC FILTERS

DRY SCRUBBERS -- DRY I NJ ECTI ON -- SPRAY DRYERS

ELECTROSTAT I c PREC I P I TATORS

SPRAY TOWER

LOW ENERGY

LIMITED PARTICULATE CONTROL

LIMITED HCL ACID G A S CONTROL

Dirty Flue

A Clean Exhaust Gas

COUNTERCURRENT-FLOW SPRAY TOWER'

Water inlet

Tower Combustion Gases from Secondary

Chamber

* Waste Water

to Drain

ID Fan

Spray Tower System

VWTURI SCRUBBER

HIGH ENERGY

HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE CONTROL

LIMITED HCL A C I D G A S CONTROL

SPRAY VENTURI w ITH RECTANGULAR THROAT 1

CYCLONIC MIST ELIMINATOR^

9 Stack

I I :-q Cyclonic -7 Mitt I Eliminator v ?:;p 1 , ~ +F--,------J Caustc Feed Scrubber

Liquor Recycle

I Tank I Discharge * (Blowdown) I

VENTURI SCRUBBER SYSTEM WITH RECIRCULATED SCRUBBER LIQUOR

PACKED TOWER

LOW ENERGY

HIGH EFFICIENCY ACID GAS CONTROL

DIRTY EXHAUST

CLEAN EXHAUST

PACK I NG

MIST ELIMINATOR

LIQUID SPRAYS

COUNTERCURRENT-FLOW PACKED-BED SCRUBBER’

12 Stack

comeusaon Gases from Secondary ChMlber

----- M* UP W a M Causbc Feed

scrubber Liquor

RecyW Tank

I I I I I I I I Dlscharg8 L,,,,,,+

(Blowdown) I I I t g - 7 I

I Pump I I I

VENTURI SCRUBBER WITH PACKED BED

FABRIC FILTER

OFTEN CALLED "BAGHOUSE"

PARTICULATE CONTROL -- E S P E C I A L L Y E F F E C T I V E FOR F I N E P A R T I C U L A T E

ACID GAS CONTROL _- I F USED I N CONJUNCTION WITH DRY SCRUBBER

ToClean Air Outlet and Exhauster

Housing - -Tubular Filter Bags

- -0irty Air Plenum

PULSE JET BAGHOUSE'

DRY SCRUBBERS

ACID GAS CONTROL

I N CONJUNCTION WITH PARTICULATE CONTROL FABRIC FILTER --

-- ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

!ncanemtor Boiler

Storage

Pneumatic

F W k r , Expanson/ Partuxlate

Control Device

Reaction Chamber

Stack I tino

DRY INJECT I O N ABSORPTION SYSTEM

+ Combustion War0 Contactor

P ~ l ~ Conwed - D w l a

DRY INJECTION ABSORPTION SYSTEM

Gases f” Heat b Inanetator Boiler

Reactor - 1 Solid

Sorbent Slurry

Flue Gas

SPRAY DRYER ABSORBER VESSEL

hme Slaker -

Lime Storage

Slurry Slurry Mixing 4 Tank

Slurry Feed a

Tank Stack

I) Spray Particulate Combustion Gases Dlyer Control

C*..-*

Absorber

* Solid

Residue

Device

COMPONENTS OF A S P R A Y DRYER ABSORBER SYSTEM

ELECTROSTAT I C PREC I P I TATORS

PARTICULATE CONTROL

LARGER REGIONAL FACILITY MOST LIKELY APPLICATION

SOMETIMES USED WITH DRY SCRUBBERS

H O P F

COMPONENTS OF AN E S P 3

Coilmion electrode

GAS FLOW THROUGH A PLATE PRECIPITATOR^

SESSION 5. MONITORING AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS

CONTROL ROOM

TEMPERATURE MONITORING SYSTEM

Temperature

Ace Heating and Cooling

THERMOSTAT WITH TEMPERATURE "SET POINT"

4 CONTROL ROOM

Warning Limit

r--- Signal Processor r-- ----i- I

Recorder El I . I I I

Combustion Chamber

Ld Burner

Combustion Air

Blower

SCHEMATIC OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL LOOP

ROTATE OUTER DIAL TO SLLLCTTEMPERANRE SLTWINT OR PROPORTIONAL S L T W I M \ r

ROTATE INNER OIAL TO I SELECT TEMPERATURE SRPOIWT

TEMPERATURE INDICATOR

-TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER/METER WITH LOW/HIGH SETPOINTS '

HIGH SETWINT LOWsmFoINT I ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT

TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER WITH DIGITAL DISPLAY

. BASIC TYPES OF INCINERATOR PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS

MANUAL

AUTOMATIC TIMER SEQUENCE

AUTOMATIC MODULATED CONTROL

AUTOMATIC TIMER SEQUENCE

PRESET T I M E R SEQUENCE -- ACTIVATES ON/OFF OR HIGH/LOW SETTINGS

- BURNERS - COMBUSTION A I R - CHARGE FEEDER

S E T P O I N T L I M I T S OVERRIDE T IMER SEQUENCE

AUTOHATI C MODULATED CONTROL

SETPOINT FOR CONTROLLED PARAMETER IS CHOSEN

OPERATING PARAMETERS A R E CONTINUOUSLY ADJUSTED TO M A I N T A I N S E T P O I N T -- COMBUSTION A I R

MONITORED AND CONTROLLED PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR I NCI NERATORS

MON I TORED~ONTROLLED INCINERATOR FUNCTIONS

PARAMETER CONTROLLED

TEMPERATURE COMBUST I ON A I R Aux I L I ARY BURNERS (PRIMARY AND

SECONDARY CHAMBERS)

OXYGEN

CARBON HONOX I DE

OPAC I TY

CHARGE RATE

BAROHETR I c DAMPER ID FAN DAMPER

COUBUST I ON A I R

AUTOMATIC FEED INTERLOCK

MONITORED AND CONTROLLED PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR SCRUBBERS

MONITORED PARAMETER SCRUBBER FUNCTIONS CONTROLLED

PRESSURE AND PRESSURE DROP VENTURI THROAT

I D FAN

.SCRUBBER LIQUID FLOW RATE OR PRESSURE

SCRUBBER u a u m PH

INLET TEMPERATURE

LIQUID FLOW CONTROL VALVE

CAUSTIC FLOW CONTROL VALVE

PREQUENCH EMERGENCY QUENCH BYPASS STACK DILUTION AIR

MONITORED AND CONTROLLED PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR FABRIC FILTERS

HONITORED PARAMETER FABR I c FILTER OPERAT I NG FUNCTIONS CONTROLLED

PRESSURE DROP

INLET GAS TEMPERATURE

CLEAN I NG CYCLE

EMERGENCY BYPASS STACK

EMERGENCY QUENCH DILUTION A I R

HON I TORED AND CONTROLLED PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR ESP's

MON I TORED PARAMETER ESP OPERAT I NG FUNCTIONS CONTROLLED

POWER INPUT -- PRIMARY VOLTAGE

PRIMARY CURRENT SECONDARY VOLTAGE SECONDARY CURRENT

-- -- --

SPARK R A T E

INLET GAS TEMPERATURE

POWER SUPPLY T/R S E T T I N G S

GAS TEMPERATURE RAPPER OPERATION CONDITIONING AGENTS

( R E S I S T I V I T Y 1

I N C R E A S E ~ D E C R E A S E INCINERATOR OR B O I L E R OUTLET TEMPERATURE

CONDITION G A S

TEHPEMTURE

THERMOCOUPLE(S)

DEGREES FAHRENHEIT

EXIT OF SECONDARY COMBUSTION CHAMBER

MIDDLE OF PRIMARY CHAMBER

BEFORE/AFTER APC

7 \ CHAMBER

THERMOCOUPLE LINING PENORATlON

THERMOCOUPLE AND DRAFT GAUGE CONNECTIONS

INCINEMTOR DRAFT AND APCS PRESSURE DROP

DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE GAUGE, AP

INCHES OF WATER COLUMN, IN. WL.

DIFFERENCE OF PRESSURE A T TWO POINTS

DRAFT :

AP OF I N C I N E R A T O R CHAMBER AND ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

APCS PRESSURE DROP:

AP BEFORE AND AFTER APC

HIGH BRACT SeTPolNT INOICATO R

LOW ORAPT / 1 . . 7 INDICATOR s-lm+' '

HIGH ORACT SeTPoINT ADJUSTMENT KNOB

LOW ORACT S m l N T ADJUSTMENT KNOB

METER FOR DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE GAUGE'

To Atmosphere

'Draft" J

Stacl /

BAROMETR I d A U T O M A T I C DAMPER

Damper Fully Open

/ L J / Stack

Damper Partially

/ Closed

/ Stack

ID FAN DAMPER CONTROL

11 / W S I T I O N MOTOR

CONTROL LINKAGE

COMBUSTION BLOWER WITH AUTOMATIC CONTROLLER

OXYGEN AND CO MONITORS

CONTINUOUS E M I S S I O N MONITORING SYSTEMS, CEMS

PERCENT OXYGEN, 2 0,

PARTS PER MILLION CARBON MONOXIDE, PPM CO

MONITOR LOCATION -- COMBUSTION CHAMBER OUTLET

-- STACK -- SOMEWHERE I N BETWEEN

In-Situ Extractive

- b -Detector

1 1 Stack

IN SITU VS EXTRACTIVE CEMS

- LEVEL LEVEL CAL. CAL.

EXTRACTIVE MONITORING SYSTEM

Blower

OPACITY MONITORING SYSTEM (Transmissometer)

CHARGE RATE

LB/LOAD

WEIGH SCALE/LOG BOOK

AUTOMATIC WEIGH SCALE OR WEIGH HOPPER

APC MONITORS

SCRUBBER LIQUID FLOW GALLONS PER M I N U T E , GPM -- FLOW METER PUMP PRESSURE

PH OF SCRUBBER L I Q U I D PH METER --

TEMPERATURE THERMOCOUPLE --

PRESSURE DROP, AP -- D I F F E R E N T I A L PRESSURE GAUGE

SESSION 6.

INCINERATOR OPERATION

TOP I CS

WASTE H A N D L I N G

OPERATION OF CONTROLLED-AIR I N C I N E R A T O R S

OPERATION OF EXCESS-AIR I N C I N E R A T O R S

WASTE HANDL I NG

STURDY CONTAINERS

MINIMIZE HANDLING

PROPERLY OPERATEI’MA I NTA IN WASTE CHARGING DEVICES

SAFE STORAGE--EVEN FOR SHORT TIMES

INCINERATOR OPERATION

K E Y OPERATING PARAMETERS

OPERATING RANGES

MON I TOR I NG OPERAT I ON

CONTROLLING OPERATION

W A S T E CHARGING PROCEDURES

ASH HANDLING PROCEDURES

STARTUP/SHUTDOWN PROCEDURES

KEY OPERATING PARAMETERS FOR CONTROLLED-A I R I NCI NERATORS

CHARGING R A T E

PRIMARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

SECONDARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

COMBUSTION CHAMBER DRAFT

PRIMARY CHAMBER COMBUSTION A I R LEVEL

TOTAL COMBUSTION AIR LEVEL

COMBUSTION G A S O X Y G E N CONCENTRATION

- KEY PERATING P RAMETER--WASTE CHARG I NG RATE

OPERATING R A N G E :

HEAT INPUT CONSISTENT W I T H DESIGN SINGLE BATCH OPERATION

FILL CHAMBER: DO NOT OVERFILL I NTERM I TTENT AND CONT I NUOUS DUTY

SMALL BATCHES A T FREQUENT INTERVALS

-- 10 TO 25 PERCENT RATED CAPACITY AT 5 TO 15 M I N U T E S --

FACTORS :

W A S T E PROPERTIES OPERATING MODE OF INCINERATOR

KEY OPERATI NG PARAMETER--WASTE CHARGING RATE

OPERATOR MONITORS :

CHARGE R A T E , LB/H

a ASH BED AMOUNT AND FREQUENCY OF CHARGE

Bu I LDUP

"GOOD" B u R N ou T a TEMPERATURE TRENDS

Low TEMPERATURE--CHARGE NEEDED?

-- a ASH Q U A L I T Y

-- -- HIGH SECONDARY TEMPERATURE--WAIT?

CONTROL B Y :

SMALLER OR LARGER BATCHES LESS OR MORE FREQUENT CHARGES

Secondary Chamber

Charges I

L Primary I Chamber I

I I Temperature I I I I I I !-

Burndown

TEMPERATURE TREND'

PRIMARY CHAMBER TEHPERATURE

LOWER LIMIT: MINIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE

ACHIEVE ADEQUATE BURNOUT STERILIZE ASH

UPPER L I M I T : MAXIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE

LIMIT SLAGGING OF ASH

THERE MAY BE A REGULATORY REQUIREMENT ON LOWER L IMIT

KEY OPERATING PARAMETER-+ R I MARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

RECOMMENDED OPERATING R A N G E :

BATCH - 1000" TO 1800°F INTERMITTENT - 1000" TO F CONTINUOUS - 1400" TO 1800°F

OPERATOR MONITORS

TEMPERATURE READ I NG TEMPERATURE TREND

CONTROL B Y :

ADJUSTING CHARGING R A T E ADJUSTING PRIMARY COMBUSTION Aux I LI A R Y BURNER OPERAT I ON

A I R LEVEL

SECONDARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

LOWER LIMIT: MINIMUM OPERATING TEMPERATURE

HIGH ENOUGH TEMPERATURE TO COMBUST ALL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

UPPER LIMIT: MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE

PREVENT DAMAGE TO REFRACTORY

THERE MAY BE A REGULATORY REQU I REMENT ON LOWER L I MI T

KEY OPERATI NG PARAMETER--SECONDARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

1800" TO 2200"

OPERATOR MON I TORS :

TEMPERATURE READING TEMPERATURE TREND

CONTROL B Y :

ADJUSTING SECONDARY COMBUSTION A I R LEVEL SECONDARY BURNER OPERATION ADJUSTING PRIMARY CHAMBER PARAMETERS ADJUSTING CHARGING R A T E

PRIHARY CHAMBER COMBUSTION A I R LEVEL

CONTROLS COMBUSTION R A T E AND TEMPERATURE IN PR I MARY CHAMBER

CONTROLS RELEASE R A T E OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES TO SECONDARY CHAMBER

MA I NTA I NED BELOW STO I CH I OMETR I c

KEY OPERATING PARAMETER--PRIHARY CHAMBER COMBUST1 ON A I R

30 TO 80 PERCENT OF STOICHIOMETRIC

MONITOR :

VISUAL OBSERVATION

PRIMARY CHAMBER TEMPERATURE

DARK RED SMOKEY COMBUSTION Z O N E --

CONTROL B Y :

INCREASE/DECREASE COMBUSTION AIRFLOW

SECONDARY CHAMBER AND TOTAL COMBUSTI ON A I R LEVEL

CONTROLS TEMPERATURE OF SECONDARY CHAMBER

EXCESS A I R ASSURES SUFFICIENT O X Y G E N FOR COMPLETE

COMBUSTION

KEY OPERATING PARAMETER--TOTAL COMBUSTION A I R LEVEL

140 TO 200 PERCENT E X C E S S AIR

MONITORING :

SECONDARY COMBUSTION CHAMBER TEMPERATURE STACK GAS O P A C I T Y

COMBUSTION G A S O X Y G E N LEVEL BLACK SMOKE * D E F I C I E N T A I R --

CONTROL B Y :

ADJUSTING SECONDARY A I RFLOW

COMBUST1 ON CHAMBUi DRAFT

PREVENT EXCESSIVE PARTICULATE MATTER ENTRAINMENT

PREVENT A I R OUT-LEAKAGE

KEY OPERATING PARAMETER--COMBUSTION CHAMBER DRAFT

RECOMMENDED R A N G E :

NEGATIVE 0,05 TO 0,1 INCHES WATER

MON I TOR :

DRAFT GAUGE

CONTROL B Y :

NATURAL DRAFT DAMPER SETTING -- BAROMETRIC, AUTOMAT I c , MANUAL

e FAN DAMPER SETTING

OTHER PARAMETERS TO MONITOR

STACK G A S OPACITY

EASY TO DO

I ND I CATOR OF PART I CULATE EM I ss I ON/POOR COMBUST I ON

ADJUST SECONDARY A I R OR CHARGE R A T E

CHECK SECONDARY BURNER

ASH QUALITY

EASY TO DO

PIECES OF UNBURNED W A S T E NOT GOOD

GRAY COLOR BETTER THAN BLACK

INCREASE PRIMARY TEMPERATURE

DECREASE CHARGE R A T E

INCREASE BURNOUT TIME

STACK G A S CARBON MONOXIDE

I ND I CATOR OF COMBUST I ON EFF I C I ENCY

NEED INSTRUMENT

SHOULD B E 4 0 0 PPM

SECONDARY BURNER FLAME PATTERN

BR GHT YELLOW/ORANGE

NO SMOKE

NO IMPINGEMENT

CONTROL AND MON I TORI NG SUMMARY

W A S T E COMPOSITION, CHARGE R A T E , TEMPERATURES, A I R LEVELS ARE ALL INTERRELATED

WITHIN LIMITS OF DESIGN--AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM ADJUSTS

A I R L E V E L TO CONTROL HEAT RELEASE AND TEMPERATURE

OPERATOR CAN CONTROL CHARGE R A T E

CONTROL AND MON I TORI NG SUMMARY ( CONT I NU ED 1

T O OPERATE INCINERATOR W I T H I N D E S I G N L I M I T S , THE OPERATOR

-- MONITORS : - TEMPERATURES - CHARGE R A T E - W A S T E BED APPEARANCE

- ASH QUALITY - OPACITY

-- ADJUSTS : - CHARGE R A T E - COMBUSTION A I R LEVELS - BURNERS

CAPAClTY 5oo

,u naw 3 ~ . o w . u w D I u i i i r

HEAT CONTENT OF WASTE BTUtlb

INCINERATOR CAPACITY VERSUS HEAT CONTENT OF W A S T E

PROPER WASTE CHARG I NG PROCEDURES

SINGLE BATCH OPERATION

CHARGE INCINERATOR COLD

Do NOT "STUFF" INCINERATOR

DECREASE SIZE OF L O A D , A S N E C E S S A R Y , TO P R E V E N T E M I S S I O N S A T STARTUP

PROPER WASTE CHARG I NG PROCEDURES

I NTERM I TTENT DUTY AND CONTI NUOUS DUTY

MORE FREQUENT SMALLER CHARGES A R E BETTER THAN ONE L A R G E CHARGE

ADJUST CHARGE VOLUME AND FREQUENCY TO ACCOUNT FOR W A S T E

V A R I A T I O N S

PATHOLOG I CAL WASTES

LIMIT AMOUNT OF PATHOLOGICAL WASTE IF INCINERATOR IS NOT A PATHOLOGICAL D E S I G N

OPERATE PRIMARY BURNERS DURING INCINERATION

C H A R G E W A S T E T O H E A R T H IN SHALLOW L A Y E R

DO NOT P I L E -- EXPOSE TO FLAME --

PROPER ASH HANDLING PROCEDURES

s I NGLE BATCH/ I NTERM I T T E N T OPERAT I ON

ALLOW INCINERATOR TO COOL

USE FLAT/BLUNT TOOL FOR ASH REMOVAL

PLACE A S H IN M E T A L CONTAINER

DO NOT SPRAY WATER I N T O COMBUSTION CHAMBER

A V O I D P U S H I N G ASH I N T O U N D E R F I R E PORTS

DAMPEN ASH TO PREVENT F U G I T I V E DUST

PROPERLY D I S P O S E OF ASH M A K E SURE ASH DOOR I S PROPERLY SEALED I NSPECT ASH QUAL I T Y ; MAKE CORRECTIONS TO O P E R A T I O N , I F NECESSARY

CONTINUOUS DUTY

WATCH FOR JAMS I N CONVEYOR SYSTEMS

ASSURE QUENCH WATER FLOW IS ADEQUATE

R E P L A C E F U L L A S H CONTAINER WITH EMPTY CONTAINER

K E E P A S H WET OR COVER T O PREVENT FUGITIVE DUST

INSPECT A S H QUALITY ADJUST INCINERATOR O P E R A T I O N , I F NECESSARY

STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN

SINGLE BATCH UNIT

STARTUP :

CHARGE INCINERATOR COLD

PREHEAT THE S E C O N D A R Y CHAMBER BEFORE IGNITING W A S T E

SHUTDOWN :

INCREASE PRIMARY COMBUSTION CHAMBER AIR TO PROMOTE

AFTER PRIMARY TEMPERATURE DECREASES T O PRESET LEVEL,

KEEP COMBUSTION BLOWERS OPERATING T O COOL INCINERATOR REMOVE ASH AFTER INCINERATOR COOLS

COMBUSTION OF F I X E D CARBON

SHUT DOWN SECONDARY BURNER

I NTERM I TTENT AND CONT I NUOUS DUTY

STARTUP :

PREHEAT SECONDARY CHAMBER BEFORE I N I T I A T I N G CHARGING CHARGE W A S T E

IGNITE WASTE

SHUTDOWN :

INTERMITTENT DUTY- -SAME A S B A T C H CONTINUOUS DUTY

-- STOP CHARGING SYSTEM MAINTAIN OPERATION OF INCINERATOR AND A S H S Y S T E M

SHUTDOWN INCINERATOR

-- U N T I L ALL WASTE I S DISCHARGED FROM I N C I N E R A T O R

OPERATOR'S LOG

WRITTEN LOG BOOK

RECORD SIGNIFICANT EVENTS

-- STARTUP/SHUTDOWN -- ADJUSTMENTS -- CHANGES I N C H A R G E R A T E

e RECORD UNUSUAL PROBLEMS A N D CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

P A Y CAREFUL ATTENTION TO CHARGING RATE -- ADJUST CHARGING R A T E , IF N E C E S S A R Y

MONITOR COMBUSTION TEMPERATURES

-- LEARN TO RECOGNIZE TRENDS

MONITOR STACK OPACITY

INSPECT T H E C H A M B E R S THROUGH V IEWPORTS

INSPECT ASH Q U A L I T Y -- ADJUST OPERATION, I F N E C E S S A R Y

PROPERLY HANDLE AND DISPOSE OF A S H

PREHEAT THE SECONDARY CHAMBER BEFORE STARTUP

KEEP AN OPERATING LOG

DON ' T

IGNORE PROBLEMS INDICATED B Y MONITORS

OVERCHARGE THE INCINERATOR

KEY OPERATING PARAMETERS : HULTI PLE-CHAMBER I EXCESS-AIR INCINERATORS

PARAMETER

W A S T E CHARGE R A T E

--RED B A G

--PATHOLOG I CAL

RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGE

10-25% OF RATED CAPACITY AT 10-15 M I N U T E I N T E R V A L S

SINGLE L A Y E R ON H E A R T H

KEY OPERATING PARAMETERS : MULTI PLE-CHAMBER, EXCESS-A I R I NCI NERATORS

PARAMETER

PRIMARY CHAMBER T E M P E R A T U R E

--GENERAL REFUSE --PATHOLOG I C A L

SECONDARY CHAMBER T E M P E R A T U R E

RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGE

1000 O - 1400" F 1600 O - 1800" F

1800 -2200 O F

KEY OPERATING PARAMETERS : MULTI PLE-CHAMBER, EXCESS-A I R I NCI NERATORS

PARAMETER RECOMMENDED

OPERATING RANGE

PRIMARY CHAMBER COMBUSTION A I R

TOTAL COMBUSTION A I R

80-150% E X C E S S A I R

120 TO 300% E X C E S S A I R

e COMBUSTION G A S O X Y G E N CON, 10-16%

COMBUSTION CHAMBER D R A F T NEGATIVE olo5 TO 0,1 I N , W a c ,

SUMMARY OF OPERATI ON

UNITS A R E BATCH OR INTERMITTENT DUTY

PRIMARY CHAMBER IS EXCESS A I R ATMOSPHERE -- H E A T R E L E A S E R A T E IS CONTROLLED B Y C H A R G E R A T E AND

-- FOR PATHOLOGICAL W A S T E H E A T R E L E A S E R A T E I S CONTROLLED BURNERS

B Y PRIMARY BURNERS

SUMHARY OF HON I TORI NG AND CONTROL

OPERATOR MONITORS :

CHARGING R A T E TEMPERATURES OF B O T H CHAMBERS

TEMPERATURE TRENDS DRAFT ASH BED APPEARANCE ASH Q U A L I T Y O P A C I T Y

SUMMARY OF MON I TORI NG AND CONTROL

OPERATOR CONTROLS :

CHARGE R A T E AIR DAMPER SETTINGS AUXILIARY BURNER OPERATION

WASTE CHARGING PROCEDURES

ADJUST CHARGE VOLUME AND FREQUENCY TO ACCOUNT FOR WASTE V A R I A T I O N S

MORE FREQUENT SMALLER CHARGES A R E BETTER THAN O N E L A R G E CHARGE

Do NOT "STUFF" INCINERATOR

ASSURE PRIMARY BURNER I S OFF P R I O R T O CHARGING

GENTLY PUSH OLD WASTE TO B A C K OF H E A R T H ; C H A R G E NEW WASTE AT FRONT OF HEARTH

PROPER CHARGE PROCEDURES

IMPROPER CHARGE PROCEDURES

Stoked To Rear: Load To Front

PROPER L O A D I N G ON HEARTH

IMPROPER LOADING ON H E A R T H

PATHOLOG I CAL WASTES

CHARGE W A S T E TO HEARTH I N A SHALLOW L A Y E R --DO NOT P I L E --EXPOSE TO FLAME

TURN O F F P R I M A R Y B U R N E R B E F O R E C H A R G I N G

DO NOT SPRAY WATER I N T O COMBUSTION CHAMBER

U S E F L A T ~ B L U N T TOOL FOR A S H R E M O V A L

P L A C E A S H I N M E T A L CONTAINER

DAMPEN A S H TO P R E V E N T FUGITIVE DUST

PROPERLY DISPOSE OF ASH

I N S P E C T ASH Q U A L I T Y ; MAKE CORRECTIONS I N O P E R A T I O N , IF NECESSARY

STARTUP :

PREHEAT S E C O N D A R Y CHAMBER BEFORE INITIATING CHARGING

CHARGE W A S T E

IGNITE W A S T E

SHUTDOWN :

SHUT DOWN BURNERS

REMOVE A S H

PREHEAT THE S E C O N D A R Y CHAMBER

SHUT OFF PRIMARY BURNER WHEN CHARGING MONITOR COMBUSTION CHAMBER TEMPERATURES MONITOR COMBUSTION CHAMBER DRAFT MONITOR S T A C K G A S OPACITY--ESPECIALLY AFTER CHARGING

INSPECT A S H QUALITY FOR PATHOLOGICAL W A S T E S , O P E R A T E PRIMARY BURNER A T ALL

P A Y CAREFUL A T T E N T I O N TO CHARGING PROCEDURES AND RATES

T I M E S

SESSION 7.

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS OPERATION

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEHS FOR HOSPITAL INCINERATORS

W E T SCRUBBERS -- S P R A Y TOWERS -- VENTURI SCRUBBERS

-- PACKED-BED SCRUBBERS

FABRIC F I L T E R S

D R Y SCRUBBERS DRY I N J ECT I ON --

-- S P R A Y D R Y E R S

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS

RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGES FOR KEY PARAMETERS

VENTURI SCRUBBER

PARAMETER

PRESSURE D R O P

LIQUID SUPPLY

SUSPENDED SOLIDS

20-30 I N , W , C t

7-10 GAL/1,000 ACF

5 ,5 -7 ,0

0-3 P E R C E N T

VENTURI SCRUBBER PARAHETERS USUALLY MONITORED BY OPERATOR

PRESSURE DROP

LIQUID FLOW R A T E

S T A T I c P R E S S U R E

RPM A M P E R A G E

VENTURI SCRUBBER OPERATI ON

K E Y PARAMETER

PRESSURE DROP

L I QU ID SUPPLY

SUSPENDED SOLIDS

ADJUSTMENT

V A R I A B L E THROAT

FAN SPEED

FAN DAMPER

LIQUID FLOW R A T E

MAKEUP WATER BLOWDOWN

M A K E U P C A U S T I c

2 , 3, 4 1 5 1 6 1

VENTURI SCRUBBER STARTUP SEQUENCE

TURN ON LIQUID SUPPLY AND RECIRCULATION SET LIQUID FLOW T O MANUFACTURER SPECIFICATIONS

S T A R T FAN GRADUALLY OPEN D A M P E R ADJUST LIQUID FLOW TO OBTAIN DESIRED L I Q U I D SUPPLY

ADJUST VENTURI T H R O A T , FAN A M P E R A G E , O R DAMPER TO OBTAIN

ADJUST BLOWDOWN

CLOSE FAN DAMPER

D E S I R E D PRESSURE DROP

VENTURI SCRUBBER SHUTDOWN SEQUENCE

1, SHUT OFF SCRUBBER F A N

2 , SHUT OFF R E C I R C U L A T I O N

3, SHUT OFF M A K E U P W A T E R

PACKED-BED SCRUBBER

15-25 G A L / ~ , O O O ACF

PARAMETER

LIQUID SUPPLY

SUSPENDED SOLIDS

INLET G A S T E M P E R A T U R E

PRESSURE DROP

5 I 5-7

0-3 PERCENT

SPEC I F I ED B Y MANUFACTURER

1-5 IN, w lc I

PACKED-BED SCRUBBER PARAMETERS USUALLY MONITORED BY OPERATOR

LIQUID FLOW R A T E

PRESSURE DROP

FAN -- S T A T I C PRESSURE

AMPERAGE

K E Y PARAMETER

LIQUID SUPPLY

SUSPENDED SOLIDS

PACKED-BED SCRUBBER OPERATION

INLET G A S TEMPERATURE

ADJUSTMENT

L I Q U I D FLOW R A T E

CAUSTIC FEED R A T E

MAKEUP W A T E R BLOWDOWN

f NCINERATOR EXHAUST TEMPERATURE

PREQUENCH

SPRAY TOWER

L I Q U I D SUPPLY

PRESSURE DROP

5 T O 20 G A L / L O O O A C F

1 T O 3 I N , W a c ,

PULSE-JET FABRIC FILTER

P A R A M E T E R

FLUE G A S T E M P E R A T U R E :

UPPER L I M I T LOWER LIMIT

P R E S S U R E DROP

CLEAN I NG A I R P R E S S U R E

SPECIFIED B Y MANUFACTURER A B O V E DEWPOINT

5-9 I N , W , C ,

60-100 P S I G

FABRI C FI LTER PARAMETERS USUALLY MONITORED BY OPERATOR

OPACITY

PRESSURE DROP

OUTLET G A S T E M P E R A T U R E

K E Y P A R A M E T E R

FLUE G A S TEMPERATURE:

UPPER LIMIT

LOWER L I M I T

PRESSURE DROP

CLEAN I NG A I R PRESSURE

FABRIC F I LTER OPEMTI ON

ADJUSTMENT

B Y P A S S FABRIC FILTER

LOWER I N C I N E R A T O R ( B O 1 L E R ) EXHAUST TEMPERATURE

INTRODUCE COOL AMBIENT A I R

INCREASE A U X I L I A R Y FUEL

BAG CLEANING FREQUENCY

COMPRESSED A I R S Y S T E M

FABRI C FI LTER STARTUP

PRECOAT B A G S

USE A U X I L I A R Y F U E L - F I R I N G TO B R I N G SYSTEM T O O P E R A T I N G TEMPERATURE

GRADUALLY BUILDUP DUST C A K E

FABRIC FILTER SHUTDOWN

STOP WASTE CHARGING

M A I N T A I N SECONDARY CHAMBER BURNER F I R I N G U N T I L WASTE IS COMBUSTED

SHUT OFF INCINERATOR

PURGE REMA IN I N G COMBUST I ON PRODUCTS

CLEAN B A G S

DRY INJECTION

PARAMETER RANGE

SORBENT INJECTION R A T E SPEC I F I ED B Y MANUFACTURER

SORBENT PARTICLE SIZE 90 PERCENT BY WEIGHT THROUGH 325 MESH S C R E E N

RECOMHENDED OPERATING RANGES FOR KEY PARAMETERS

SPRAY DRYERS

5-20 PERCENT

PARAMETER

SLURRY SORBENT CONTENT

W E T BULB/DRY BULB TEMPERATURE

D I F F E R E N C E 90" TO 180°F

SPRAY DRYER OPERATI ON

K E Y P A R A M E T E R

SLURRY SORBENT CONTENT

W E T BULB/DRY BULB T E M P E R A T U R E

D I F F E R E N C E

ADJUSTMENT

DRY SORBENTIWATER R A T I O

SLURRY FLOW R A T E

SPRAY DRYER STARTUP/SHUTDOWN

STARTUP ALTERNATIVES:

1, USE A U X I L I A R Y F U E L - F I R I N G TO B R I N G SYSTEM UP TO OPERATING TEMPERATURE BEFORE I N J E C T I N G SLURRY

2, GRADUALLY INCREASE SLURRY FEED A S EXHAUST TEMPERATURE INCREASES TO M A I N T A I N 90" T O 180°F WET BULB/DRY BULB

DIFFERENCE

1, USE A U X I L I A R Y F U E L - F I R I N G TO M A I N T A I N TEMPERATURE ABOVE

SATURATION U N T I L ALL WASTE IS COMBUSTED

2, SHUT OFF S P R A Y D R Y E R

ELECTROSTATI C PREC I P I TATORS

P A R A M E T E R

I N L E T GAS TEMPERATURE -- HOT S I D E ESP -- COLD S I D E ESP

PARTICULATE RESISTIVITY

P O W E R RATIO

570" T O 800°F ~ 4 0 0 O F

10' TO 10'' OHM-CM

KEY PARAMETER

PRIMARY V O L T A G E ~ U R R E N T

SECONDARY V O L T A G E ~ U R R E N T

ESP OPERATION

RESISTIVITY

G A S TEMPERATURE

ADJUSTMENT

POWER SUPPLY

C L E A N ~ A D J U S T ELECTRODES

T/R RESISTIVITY

G A S TEMPERATURE

COMBUST I ON/CARBON CONTENT

COND I T I ON I NG AGENT ADD I T 1 ON

COND I TI ON G A S STREAM

I N C I N E R A T O R / B O I L E R OPERATION

ESP STARTUP/SHUTDOWN

STARTUP

CHECK HOPPER/ASH HANDLING OPERATION PREHEAT HOPPERS

SET R A P P E R CYCLE CHECK R A P P E R O P E R A T I O N

CHECK T/R SETTING SEQUENTIALLY ENERGIZE T/R B Y FIELD

SHUTDOWN INCINERATOR DEENERGIZE T/R B Y FIELD AFTER 4 HOURS DEENERGIZE H E A T E R S AFTER 8 HOURS SHUTDOWN R A P P E R S

SESSION 8.

MAINTENANCE INSPECTI ON--A NECESSARY PART OF YOUR JOB

S L I D E 8-1

PREVENT I VE MA I NTENANCE

PROGRAM TO CONDUCT MAINTENANCE ON REGULAR SCHEDULED B A S I S

R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y OF MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT?

YOU CAN HELP -- I N S P E C T U N I T

-- I D E N T I F Y MINOR PFiOBLEMS -- REPORT T O MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT

ACT IV I T Y FREQUENCY

HOURLY

DA I LY

WEEKLY

MONTHLY

90 DAY

IYPICAL MAINTENANCE INSPECTION SCHEDULE

INCINERATOR COMPONENT

ASH REMOVAL C O N V E Y O R

W A T E R QUENCH PIT RAM COOLING S Y S T E M

S T A C K THERMOCOUPLES LIMIT SWITCHES

UNDERFIRE AIR P O R T S

O P A C I T Y MON I TOR

O X Y G E N MONITOR

BLOWER INTAKES I NDUCED-DRAFT FANS CONTROL PANELS

REFRACTORY

EXTERNAL SURFACE OF INCINERATOR A N D S T A C K

SHUT DOWN A N D DO COMPLETE WALKTHROUGH

(FIRST Y E A R )

TYPICAL MAINTENANCE INSPECTION SCHEDULE FOR A WET SCRUBBER

INSPECTION FREQUENCY COMPONENT

DA I LY SCRUBBER LIQUID PUMP

VARIABLE T H R O A T ACTIVATOR

SCRUBBER L I Q U I D L I N E S

KEAGENT FEED SYSTEM

A P METER

PH METER

MONTHLY DUCT WORK

TYPICAL MAINTENANCE INSPECTION SCHEDULE FOR A FABRIC FILTER SYSTEM

I N S P E C T I O N FREQUENCY COMPONENT

DA I LY STACK MANOMETER COMPRESSED A I R SYSTEM COLLECTOR/CLEAN CYCLE

FAN HOPPERS/DUST REMOVAL SYSTEM

RECORDKEEP I NG

RECORDS A L L O W TRENDS TO B E T R A C K E D

ASSISTS W I T H E V A L U A T I N G PM P R O G R A M

ASSISTS INVENTORY DECISIONS

DAILY MAINTENANCE INSPECTION LOG

F a c i l i t y name:

Operator 's name: Date:

Time Equipment inspec ted Notes

Ash removal conveyor Hater quench p i t Opacity mon i to r Oxygen mon i to r Underfire a i r p o r t s Ash p i t / d r o p o u t sump Stack

Scrubber 1 i qu i d pump Var iab le t h r o a t a c t i v a t o r Scrubber l i q u i d l i n e s M is t e l i m i n a t o r p ressure l i n e s Reagent feed system Fan Fan b e l t

SESSION 9.

TYPICAL PROBLEIIS

PROBLMS

IT 'S BETTER TO PREVENT PROBLEMS THAN TO CORRECT PROBLEMS

I NC I NERATOR PROBLEMS

BLACK SMOKE

W H ITE/BLUE-WHITE SMOKE

WHITE SMOKE/HAZE

PUFFING SMOKE FROM CHAMBER

EXCESSIVE AUXILIARY FUEL U S A G E

POOR ASH Q U A L I T Y

BURNER PROBLEMS

Too Much

Underfire Air

BLACK SMOKE FROM INCINERATOR STACK

Secondary Chamber Temperature Too Low

WHITE/BLUE-WHITE SMOKE FROM INCINERATOR STACK

Hydrochloric Acid Gas Condensing

SMOKUHAZE APPEARING

SHORT DISTANCE FROM STACK

I . r WHITE SMOKWHAZE A SHORT DISTANCE FROM INCINERATOR STACK

Malfunction In Stack Damper or Fan

1 r 1 I I

SMOKE LEAKING FROM PRIMARY

CHAMBER I 1

Too Much Primary Air

SMOKE LEAVING PRIMARY CHAMBER OF INCINERATOR

TOO MUCH AUXILIARY

FUEL USAGE

Too Much Secondary Air

Leaky Door Seal

Underfire Air F u e l L e l I

Underfire Air Distribution

TOO MUCH AUXILARY FUEL USAGE

4 lnsuff icient Bumout Period/ Too Much Temperature WasteMlet Waste

Underfire Air Underfire Air Distribution

INCOMPLETE BURNOUTIPOOR

ASH QUALITY

INCOMPLETE BURNOUT/POOR ASH QUALITY

II n Proper

Pattern Flame

BURNER FLAME PATTERNS'

Detached Flame; Too Much Burner Air

Smoking Not Enough Flame; Air /-I I I I I' ' I

BURNER FLAME PATTERNS '

Flame Impingement On Refractory

BURNER FLAME PATTERNS'

PREVENT I NCI NERATOR PROBLEMS

PROPERLY CHARGE INCINERATOR

NOTE SMALL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS

AND GET F I X E D BEFORE THEY BECOME B I G PROBLEMS

WET SCRUBBER PROBLEMS

CORROSION

PLUGGED S P R A Y NOZZLES

FAN VIBRATION

PREVENT SCRUBBER PROBLEMS

MAINTAIN CORRECT PH FOR SCRUBBER LIQUID

MAINTAIN LOW LEVEL OF SOLIDS I N RECIRCULATED

SCRUBBING L I Q U I D

USE P R E V E N T I V E MAINTENANCE PROGRAM FOR I N S P E C T I N G / C L E A N I N G NOZZLES I FANS, DAMPERS

Improperly Installed Bags

Broken Bags

HIGH OPACITY STACK EMISSIONS

BAGHOUSE ’ HIGH OPACITY FROM FABRIC FILTER

HIGH PRESSURE DROP IN FABRIC FILTER

PREVENT FABRIC F I LTER PROBLEMS

MAINTAIN PROPER TEMPERATURE RANGE W I T H I N BAGHOUSE

MONITOR AP

MAINTAIN PROPER CLEANING CYCLE

MONITOR OPACITY

OTHER PROBLEMS

W A T E R COOLING SYSTEMS FOR RAMS - - M A I N T A I N WATER FLOW - - M A I N T A I N COOLER O P E R A T I O N

MI CROSW I TCHES --CHECK MOVEMENT B Y HAND - -LUBRICATE

WHAT PROBLEMS

YOU HAVE?

SESSION 10.

STATE REGULATIONS

TYPES OF REQUIREMENTS I N STATE REGULATIONS

EMISSION LIMITS

OPERAT I NG P R A C T I CES/L I M I TS

CONT I NUOUS EM I ss I ON MON I TOR I NG

RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING

O P E R A T O R TRAINING

f 1 Grain

1 Grain Per Dry Standard Cubic Foot

7000 Grains=l pound

c Contains 1 Million Cubic Meters

100 Parts Per million

6 I I . - - -_

. - - - 1 grldscf

y- 7% oxygen 12% carbon

Combustion Air 21 % oxygen 79% nitrogen

0% carbon dioxlde

INCINERATOR

dioxide

Barometric

g Z = l

1 0.5 grtdscf --- * I - - - 14% oxygen

6% carbon dioxide

t I 1 scf air

21% 0% carbon oxygen dioxide 'lI{ 7% 1 grldscf oxygen

1 carbon dioxide

Combustion Air 21 % oxygen 79% nitrogen

0% carbon dioxide

1 grldscf @ 7% 4 = 0.5 grtdscf @ 14% O2 1 gr/dscf @ 12% C02 = 0.5 gr/dscf @ 6% CO2

CORRECTION FOR DILUTION

.. . c,

Ringlem's Scale tor Grading the Denslty of Smoke

0% 20Yo 60% 80%

OPACITY AND THE RINGLEMANN CHART

SESSION 11.

SAFETY: AN IMPORTANT PART OF YOUR JOB

TORN "RED" BAG

WASTE HANDLING SAFETY

HAZARDS

SHARP OBJECTS I N W A S T E BAGS

INFECTIOUS W A S T E SPILLAGE

MICRO-ORGANISMS IN A I R

PRECAUT IONS

MINIMIZE B A G HANDLING

DO NOT OPEN OR CRUSH BAGS

W E A R PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SAFETY G E A R

DO NOT EAT OR D R I N K I N THE AREA

W A S H HANDS BEFORE EATING OR DRINKING

Ear protectors

Hard-soled rubber shoes

- Dust mask

Long-sleeved

Safety glasses

\aw shirtlcoveralls

PROPER SAFETY GEAR

INCINERATOR OPERATION-- INJURIES AND SAFETY HAZARDS

BURNS -- HOT SURFACES -- CARELESS CHARGING -- CARELESS ASH REMOVAL -- O P E N I N G I N S P E C T I O N PORTS

INJURY -- MOVING B E L T S AND H Y D R A U L I C C Y L I N D E R S -- ELEVATED WALKWAYS

EXPOSURE TO AIR CONTAMINANTS/LACK OF OXYGEN -- LEAK I N EQUIPMENT OR DUCTWORK -- POOR V E N T I L A T I O N OF AREA

BURNER FLAHE SAFEGUARD SYSTEM

CONTROLS BURNER IGNITION

PURGES SYSTEM

PILOT IGNITION -- DETECTOR -- 15 SECONDS -- FUEL RELAY

MAIN BURNER I G N I T I O N

SHUTDOWN FLAME OUT A I R SUPPLY F A I L U R E

INCINERATOR OPERATI ON SAFETY PRECAUTI ONS

- Do's

W E A R PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SAFETY GEAR BE CAREFUL AROUND MOVING BELTS, HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS, AND

AVOID CONTACT WITH HOT SURFACES W A T C H FOR FUEL LEAKS BE CAREFUL ON ELEVATED W A L K W A Y S VENTILATE ROOM IF THERE IS LACK OF O X Y G E N OR UNUSUAL ODORS

LEAVE A R E A IF YOU DEVELOP

-- HEADACHE, DROWSINESS, SHORTNESS OF BREATH, NAUSEA

INCINERATOR OPERATION SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

DON TS

DO NOT OPEN I N S P E C T I O N PORTS DURING O P E R A T I O N

DO NOT PLACE HANDS OR F E E T I N T O FEED RAM ASSEMBLY,OR ASH REMOVAL SYSTEM

DO NOT LEAN ON GUARDRAILS OF WALKWAYS

DO NOT BYPASS BURNER FLAME SAFEGUARD SYSTEM

I NC I NERATOR OPERATI ON SAFETY PRECAUTI ONS : MANUAL CHARG I NG

- Do's

W A I T FOR PREVIOUS CHARGE TO BURN DOWN TURN OFF PRIMARY CHAMBER BURNER STAND BEHIND AND A W A Y FROM DOOR

DON' TS

D O NOT LOOK I N T O OPEN CHARGE DOOR DO NOT CHARGE BOTTLES OF FLAMMABLE L I Q U I D S

I NCI NERATOR OPERATI ON SAFETY PRECAUTIONS : ASH REMOVAL

Do's -

U S E PROPER EQUIPMENT TO REMOVE ASH W A T C H OUT FOR HOT SPOTS AND SHARP OBJECTS

SPRAY W A T E R ON ASH IN CONTAINER TO COOL P U T ASH I N T O NONCOMBUSTIBLE CONTAINER

INCINERATOR OPERATI ON SAFETY PRECAUTIONS : ASH REMOVAL

DON' T S

DO NOT ENTER I N C I N E R A T O R CHAMBER DO NOT DAMAGE I N C I N E R A T O R REFRACTORY DO NOT SPRAY WATER I N T O CHAMBER DO NOT HANDLE ASH D I R E C T L Y

WET SCRUBBERS: HAZARDS

CHEMICAL BURNS

FAN/FAN BELTS

HEARING LOSS

WET SCRUBBERS: SAFEM PRECAUTIONS

- Do's

KEEP SCRUBBER LIQUOR OFF SKIN AND EYES LEARN LOCATION OF AND HOW TO USE E Y E W A S H GET SCRUBBER LEAKS REPAIRED STAY A W A Y FROM FANS, D R I V E SHAFTS, AND FAN BELT

W E A R EARPLUGS O R EARMUFFS AROUND NOISY EQU I PMENT ASSEMBLIES

WET SCRUBBERS : SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

DON' TS

Do NOT PLACE HAND IN FAN BELT/PULLEY ASSEMBLY DO NOT C O N T I N U E TO OPERATE I F FAN IS V I B R A T I N G SEVERELY

FABRIC F I LTERS : HAZARDS

TOXIC CHEMICALS IN FINE DUSTS

EXCESSIVE HEAT

FAN/FAN BELTS

HEARING LOSS

INSIDE FABRIC FILTER -- T O X I C GASES AND DUST

-- HOT, FREE FLOWING S O L I D S -- OXYGEN D E F I C I E N C Y -- ROTAT I NG EQU I PMENT -- M O V I N G MECHANICAL PARTS

FABRI C F I LTERS : SAFETY PRECAUTI ONS

- Do's

PREVENT INHALATION OF DUST B Y WEARING DUST MASK

W E A R EARPLUGS OR EARMUFFS AROUND NOISY EQU I PMENT

S T A Y A W A Y FROM FANS, DRIVE SHAFTS, AND F A N BELT ASSEMBLIES

BEFORE ENTERING A FABRIC FILTER -- CLEAN DUST FROM BAGS AND HOPPER

-- PURGE W I T H A I R

-- HAVE A SECOND T R A I N E D PERSON S T A N D I N G BY

-- P L A N TO STAY I N S I D E AS SHORT A T I M E AS P O S S I B L E

-- EE SURE FAN IS "LOCKED OUT''

FABRI C F I LTERS : SAFETY PRECAUTI ONS

DON I TS

DO NOT PLACE HAND I N FAN BELT/PULLEY ASSEMBLY

DO NOT C O N T I N U E TO OPERATE I F FAN I S V I B R A T I N G SEVERELY

NEVER ENTER FABRIC FILTER WITHOUT PROPER TRAINING AND EQU I PMENT

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

POST TELEPHONE NUMBERS FOR EMERGENCY S E R V I C E S

S E C U R I T Y SHOULD I N C L U D E INCINERATOR ON ROUNDS

POST SPILL CONTROL/DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES

POST PROCEDURES FOR ADDRESSING PUNCTURE WOUNDS

REFERENCES FOR SLIDES

TECHNICAL REPORT DATA Please reaa insmcllons on ine revene oefore comotenna!

I R E P O R T N O . 12. 3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.

EPA 450/3-89-004 I I

1. T I T L E A N 0 SUBTITLE 5. REPORT D A T E

Medical Idaste Hospital d&ste Air Pollution Control Tra i n i ng

Hospital Incinerator Operator Training Course: Volume I 1 Presentation Slides

I M a r c h 1489 (6. P E R F O R M I N G O R G A N I Z A T I O N C O D E I I 18. P E R F O R M I N G O R G A N I Z A T I O N REPORT NO. I . AUTWOR(S1

Neul icht, R. M. ;.. Chaput, L. S.; Wallace, 0. D. ; Turner, M. B.; Smith, S. G. I

110. P R O G R A M E L E M E N T NO. ). PERFORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N N A M E A N 0 AOORESS I

1 68-02-4395 1 68-98-0011

Midwest Research Institute 401 Harrison Oaks Boulevard, Suite 350 Cary, North Carolina 27513

I t 1. C O N T R A C T / G R A N T NO.

113. TYPE O F REPORT A N D PERIOD COVERED 12. SPONSORING AGENCY N A M E A N 0 ADORESS -. ~

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Control Techno1 ogy Center Research Triangle Park, N. C. 27711

I Final 114. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE

15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

James Eddinger, Office of Air Ouality Planning and Standards Justice Manning, Center for Environmental Research

This document is Volume I1 o f a three-volume training course for operators of hospital waste incinerators. Volume I is the Student Handbook (EPA 450/3-89-003), and Volume I11 is the Instructor Handbook (EPA 450/3-89-010). This training course was originally prepared by the Control Technology Center for the State of Maryland. The purpose of this course is to provide hospital waste incinerator operators with a basic understanding of the principles of incineration and air pollution control and to identify, generally, good operation and maintenance (OM) practices. Proper O&M, in addition to reducing air emissions, improves equipment reliability and erfor- mance, prolongs equipment life, and helps to ensure proper ash burnout. TEe course is not intended to replace site-specific, hands-on training of operators with the specific equipment to be operated.

16. ABSTRACT

Volume I1 contains classroom materials including a copy of the presentation slides so that students can follow along during the class and worksheets that can be completed during the classroom sessions. The course includes 11 separate classroom sessions covering to ics such as basic combustion principles and incinerator design;

erator operation: maintenance inspec ions; typical problems: and State regulations. ! air pollution contro 7 equipment desi n, function, operation, and monitoring; incin-

7 . K E Y WORDS A N D OOCUMENT ANALYSIS

DESCR I PTORS Ib. lOENTIFIERS/OPEN E N O E D T E R M S iL. COSATI klCld / ( ; fOUO I

Medical Waste Incineration Hospital I4aste Incineration Air Pollution Control Technoloqy Incinerator Operator Training

19. SECURITY CLASS iT/ilrS KCDOrf i

i I. CISTRIBUTION STATEMENT :1. K G . 3 F P A G E 5

PART 1 1 , STUDENT WORKSHEETS

WORKSHEET NO. 1

INCINERATOR SYSTEH INFORMATION Can you describe the type incinerator you operate?

Circle the answer that best fits your system. Fill out this

table.

Operator's name

Incinerator manufacturer

A. Incinerator type (Circle)

1. Controlled ("starved") air 2. Multiple chamber "excess" air

3. Rotary kiln 4. Other 5. Don't know

In-line Retort

8. My incinerator is designed especially for pathological waste: Yes No Don't know

C. Operatinq mode

1. Single batch 2. Intermittent duty 3. Continuous duty 4. Don't know

0. Waste feed charge system

1. Manual - I do the work 2. Mechanical hopper/ram

a. Manually operated b. Automatic timer sequence

3. Mechanical hopper/ram with cart dumper 4. Other 5. Don't know

E. Ash removal system

1. Manual - rake and hoe 2. Continuous mechanical 3. Don't know

I NCI NERATOR SYSTEM INFORMATION ( CONT I NUED 1

F. Combustion Gas Flow

1. Natural draft 2. Induced draft 3. Balanced draft

Forced combustion air/natural draft stack Forced combustion air/induced draft fan

G. Waste heat boiler

1. Yes 2. No

WORKSHEET NO. 2

INCINERATOR SYSTEM INFORMATION Monitoring and Control Systems

Operator's name incinerator manufacturer

A. How would you descrit? the operating made o f your incinerator?

1. Single batch 2. Intermittent duty 3. Continuous duty

How would you describe the control system used on your incinerator? 8.

1. Manual 2. Automatic timer sequence 3. Automatic modulated control

C. What operatinq parameters are monitored or used as control parameters on your incinerator?

Funct i on Monitored Controlled Controlled

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Primary Chamber Temperature Secondary Chamber Temperature Draft Charge rate Oxygen Carbon Monoxide Opacity Other:

WORKSHEET NO. 3 INCINERATOR SYSTEM INFORMATION

Operating Parameters

Operator's name

What are the key operating parameters for your incinerator. operating ranges used?

What are the setpoints or

Key Parameter Setpoints/Operating Range No setpoint

Primary chamber temperature

Secondary chamber temperature

Charge rate

Oxygen concentration

Carbon monoxide concentration

1 ower -

WORKSHEET NO. 4

OPERATING REVIEW ~~

A. List the things to do when operating your incinerator that you think are the most important:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

8. Name the things to watch (monitor) when operating your incinerator that you think are the most important.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

C. Name the things not to do when operating your incinerator that your think are the most important:

1, 2. 3. 4,

WORKSHEET NO. 5

OPERATING PROBLEMS REV1 EW

What a r e t h e most f r e q u e n t problems you u s u a l l y have?

A. Prob 1 em:

P o s s i b l e causes:

P o s s i b l e s o l u t i o n s :

B. Problem:

C. Problem:

WORKSHEET NO. 6

INCINERATOR SYSTEM INFORMATION Regulatory Limits

Operator's name

What requlatory limits are you required to meet during operation o f your incinerator?

A. Emission Limits:

1. Opacity 2. Particulate 3. Other

B. Operating Limits

1. Charge rate 2. Primary chamber temp 3. Secondary chamber temp 4. Oxygen concentration 5. Ash quality 6. Other

C. Record Keeping

1. Charge rate 2. Primary chamber temp 3. Secondary chamber temp 4. 'Other

WORKSHEET NO. 7

SAFETY REVIEW

A. What personal safety gear do you use?

1. Coveralls 2. Hard soled shoes 3. Eye protection 4. Gloves 5. Dust mask 6. Ear protection

8. L i s t the most serious safety hazards to which you are exposed. How do you minimize your.chances o f injury??

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Hospital Incinerator operator Course: Volume I1infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/15/14225.pdf · e pa - 45 0...

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