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Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906). Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906). Born in provincial Norway. Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906). Born in provincial Norway Fails university exam. Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906). Born in provincial Norway Fails university exam - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial Norway
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university exam
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theaters in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theater in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)Leaves Norway
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theater in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)Leaves Norway and the theater
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theater in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)Leaves Norway and the theaterLife of exile on the Continent
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theater in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)Leaves Norway and the theaterLife of exile on the ContinentTurn to reading drama
Henrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906)Born in provincial NorwayFails university examWorks for theater in Bergen and Christiania (Oslo)Leaves Norway and the theaterLife of exile on the ContinentTurn to reading dramaReturn to theater, with new drama
Ibsen, founder of modern drama
Controversial subject matter (divorce; syphilis)
Ibsen, founder of modern drama
Controversial subject matter (divorce; syphilis)Critique of political and religious authorities
Ibsen, founder of modern drama
Controversial subject matter (divorce; syphilis)Critique of political and religious authoritiesScandals at openings; censorship
Ibsen, founder of modern drama
Controversial subject matter (divorce; syphilis)Critique of political and religious authoritiesScandals at openings; censorshipDrama grapples with important problems of the
day
Ibsen, founder of modern drama
Controversial subject matter (divorce; syphilis)Critique of political and religious authoritiesScandals at openings; censorshipDrama grapples with important problems of the
dayIbsen is being translated and staged all over
Europe and soon all over the world
Ibsen in the English-speaking world
First translation into English by poet William Archer
Ibsen in the English-speaking world
First translation into English by poet William Archer
Finds strong supporter in George Bernard Shaw
Ibsen in the English-speaking world
First translation into English by poet William Archer
Finds strong supporter in George Bernard ShawThe Ibsen Campaign
A Doll’s House (1879)
The scandal of the ending (slammed door)“[From below is heard the reverberation of a
heavy door closing]”
A Doll’s House (1879)
The scandal of the ending (slammed door)“[From below is heard the reverberation of a
heavy door closing]”One producer forced Ibsen to write an
alternative ending
A Doll’s House (1879)
The scandal of the ending (slammed door)“[From below is heard the reverberation of a
heavy door closing]”One producer forced Ibsen to write alternative
endingRecent production has Nora return as well
Ostermeier, Nora
A Doll’s House (1879)
The scandal of the ending (slammed door)One producer forced Ibsen to write alternative
endingRecent production has Nora return as wellShaw, “Discussion Play”
A Doll’s House (1879)
The scandal of the ending (slammed door)One producer forced Ibsen to write alternative
endingRecent production has Nora return as wellShaw, “Discussion Play”Icon of Feminism
Mabou Mines Dollhouse
Ibsen’s World
Doctors, lawyers, real estate developers, bankers
Ibsen’s World
Doctors, lawyers, real estate developers, bankersWorld of bourgeois capitalism (Weber)
Ibsen’s World
Doctors, lawyers, real estate developers, bankersWorld of bourgeois capitalism (Weber)Not set at the office or workplace
Ibsen’s World
Doctors, lawyers, real estate developers, bankersWorld of bourgeois capitalism (Weber)Not set at the office or workplaceHome
Ibsen’s World
Doctors, lawyers, real estate developers, bankersWorld of bourgeois capitalism (Weber)Not set at the office or workplaceHome“[comfortably and tastefully, but not expensively,
furnished]”
The Helmer Household (oikos)
Christmas treeNora: “how much?”Nora’s habits of tipping and spendingTorvald’s financial future and his thoughts on
debt
H: Supposing I borrowed a thousand crowns to-day, and you made ducks and drakes of them during Christmas week, and then on New Year's Eve a tile blew off the roof and knocked my brains out .
N: [Laying her hand on his mouth] Hush! How can you talk so horridly?
T: But supposing it were to happen—what then?N: If anything so dreadful happened, it would be all the same to
me whether I was in debt or not.T: But what about the creditors?N: They! Who cares for them? They're only strangers.T: Nora, Nora! What a woman you are. But seriously, Nora, you
know my principles on these points. No debts! No borrowing! Home life ceases to be free and beautiful as soon as it is founded on borrowing and debt. We two have held out bravely till now, and we are not going to give in at the last. (5-6).
H: Supposing I borrowed a thousand crowns to-day, and you made ducks and drakes of them during Christmas week, and then on New Year's Eve a tile blew off the roof and knocked my brains out .
N: [Laying her hand on his mouth] Hush! How can you talk so horridly?
T: But supposing it were to happen—what then?N: If anything so dreadful happened, it would be all the same to
me whether I was in debt or not.T: But what about the creditors?N: They! Who cares for them? They're only strangers.T: Nora, Nora! What a woman you are. But seriously, Nora, you
know my principles on these points. No debts! No borrowing! Home life ceases to be free and beautiful as soon as it is founded on borrowing and debt. We two have held out bravely till now, and we are not going to give in at the last. (5-6).
The Helmer Household
Money as Christmas tree ornament: “Oh, please do, dear Torvald, please do! I should
hang the money in lovely gilt paper on the Christmas-tree. Wouldn't that be fun? “
Nora’s thrift and industry
When Torvald gave me money for clothes, and so on, I never spent more than half of it; I always bought the simplest and cheapest things. . . . Well, and besides that, I made money in other ways. Last winter I was so lucky—I got a heap of copying to do. I shut myself up every evening and wrote far into the night. Oh, sometimes I was so tired, so tired. And yet it was splendid to work in that way and earn money. I almost felt as if I was a man." (28)
Nora’s thrift and industry
When Torvald gave me money for clothes, and so on, I never spent more than half of it; I always bought the simplest and cheapest things. . . . Well, and besides that, I made money in other ways. Last winter I was so lucky—I got a heap of copying to do. I shut myself up every evening and wrote far into the night. Oh, sometimes I was so tired, so tired. And yet it was splendid to work in that way and earn money. I almost felt as if I was a man." (28)
Nora’s thrift and industry
When Torvald gave me money for clothes, and so on, I never spent more than half of it; I always bought the simplest and cheapest things. . . . Well, and besides that, I made money in other ways. Last winter I was so lucky—I got a heap of copying to do. I shut myself up every evening and wrote far into the night. Oh, sometimes I was so tired, so tired. And yet it was splendid to work in that way and earn money. I almost felt as if I was a man." (28)
Constellations of characters
1. Nora - Torvald2. Mrs. Linden – Krogstad3. Dr. Rank
1. Nora - Torvald
Torvald’s “loathing of debt” (27)
1. Nora - Torvald
Torvald’s “loathing of debt” (27)Nora’s industry and frugality
1. Nora - Torvald
Torvald’s “loathing of debt” (27)Nora’s industry and frugalityHer disregard for creditors
Constellations of characters
1. Nora - Torvald2. Mrs. Linden – Krogstad
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Krogstad’s shady dealings
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Krogstad’s shady dealingsMrs. Linden: “His business is not the most
creditable, they say" (32).
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Krogstad’s shady dealingsMrs. Linden: “His business is not the most
creditable, they say" (32). Dr. Rank: "a moral incurable" (33).
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Krogstad’s shady dealingsMrs. Linden: “His business is not the most
creditable, they say" (32). Dr. Rank: "a moral incurable" (33). Krogstad: "I must try to recover my character"
(47).
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Krogstad’s shady dealingsMrs. Linden: “His business is not the most
creditable, they say" (32). Dr. Rank: "a moral incurable" (33). Krogstad: "I must try to recover my character"
(47). Dr. Rank: “I have been auditioning my life
account—bankrupt" (80).
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Mrs. Linden: “I must have work or I can’t bear to live. All my life, as long as I can remember, I have worked; work has been my one great joy.” (115)
.
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Mrs. Linden: “I must have work”She married for money
2. Mrs. Linden - Krogstad
Mrs. Linden: “I must have work”She married for moneyBecause her father left her nothing
Constellations of characters
1. Nora - Torvald2. Mrs. Linden – Krogstad3. Dr. Rank
3. Dr. Rank
Nora: "You see, he suffers from a dreadful illness. He has spinal consumption, poor fellow. They say his father was a horrible man, who kept mistresses and all sorts of things—so the son has been sickly from his childhood, you understand." (67).
3. Dr. Rank
Nora: "You see, he suffers from a dreadful illness. He has spinal consumption, poor fellow. They say his father was a horrible man, who kept mistresses and all sorts of things—so the son has been sickly from his childhood, you understand." (67).
Inheritance
Nora inherited traits from father, who was not “unimpeachable” (Torvald)
Inheritance
Nora inherited from father, who was not “unimpeachable” (Torvald)
He suffered from slander
Inheritance
Nora inherited from father, who was not “unimpeachable” (Torvald)
He suffered from slanderNora might corrupt her children
Feminism
Feminism and bourgeois capitalism
Feminism and bourgeois capitalismCritique of law (wife cannot borrow without her
husband’s consent)
Feminism and bourgeois capitalismCritique of law (wife cannot borrow without her
husband’s consent)Critique of patriarchal paternalism
Feminism and bourgeois capitalismCritique of law (wife cannot borrow without her
husband’s consent)Critique of patriarchal paternalism
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