GIS 1 GIS Lecture 3 GIS Outputs. GIS 2 Outline Map Design Principles Map Audiences Map Layouts...

GIS 1

GIS Lecture 3

GIS Outputs

GIS 2

Outline

• Map Design Principles• Map Audiences• Map Layouts• Scales• Multiple Maps• Reports and Graphs on a Layout• Exporting Maps• Other Map Outputs

GIS 3

Map Design Principles

•Design maps for appropriate medium-Print vs. electronic

•Link layouts to map purpose•Planning a layout•Choose appropriate export options

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Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public

GIS 5

Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public

Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication

GIS 6

Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public

Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication

Advantages: Graphical Believable

GIS 7

Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public

Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication

Advantages: Graphical Believable

Granularity: Fine Coarse

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Map Audiences Map Use: Exploration Presentation Audience: Trained Analyst General Public

Purpose: Visual Thinking Communication

Advantages: Graphical Believable

Granularity: Fine Coarse

Symbols: Abstract Mimeticcapital

railroad

GIS 9

GIS 10

Number of Pedestrian Injuries by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh

Data obtained from Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 2000-2005

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Population under 14 by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh

Data obtained from U.S Census, 2000

GIS 12

Injury Rate by NeighborhoodCity of Pittsburgh

Data obtained from Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, 2000-2005

0.08 - 1.00

1.01 - 2.00

2.01 - 5.80

Injury Rate By Neighborhood(injuries/1,000)

Map Layouts

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Map Layouts

Includes all of the elements of a stand alone map•Make the map the largest and most prominent element of the layout

•Put a rectangular boundary around the map (called a neat line by cartographers) to help draw attention to it as the central element

•Include a map title-The title needs to include information minimally answering the three questions what, where, and when.

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Map Layouts (Continued)

•Include a legend for symbols placed in the lower-right or left of the layout-No need to label it Legend. Everyone will know what it is (this eliminates “chart junk”)

•Include data sources•Ensure legibility•Include a graphic map scale if your audience is not familiar with the area shown

•Do not include a north arrow unless the top of your map is not north

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Map Layouts (Continued)

•Occasionally include other components as needed such as a data table listing, a frequency bar chart for the attribute of a choropleth map, or a photograph

GIS 17

ArcView Layouts

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GIS 19

Other Map ElementsNeatline, Scale, Additional Text, Photos

Example of a bad map...

A better map…

Map Scales

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Dimensionless Map Scales

•ratio that relates a unit of measure on a map to some number of the same units of measure on the earth's surface

•1:25,000

•tells us that 1 unit of measure = 25,000 of the same units on the earth's surface

•1” on the map = 25,000 inches on the earth's surface

•one meter or one yard or one kilometer or one mile would represent 25,000 meters or yards or kilometers or miles, respectively, on the earth's surface.

GIS 24

Large and Small Scale Maps

1:5,000 is large scale

Large Scale Map Small Scale Map

1:50,000,000 is small scale

GIS 25

Commonly Used Map Scales

http://id.water.usgs.gov/reference/map_scales.html

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USGS Scales

http://www.carolinamapdistributors.com/products/topo/mapscales.htm

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Map Units

Feet or meter is the map unit for many local government GIS applications

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Map Units Inch is the map unit for CAD

applications

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Scale 1:100,000

Scale

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Scale 1:24,000

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Scale 1:10,000

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Scale 1:2,000

Multiple Maps, Reports, and Graphs

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Multiple Maps – Comparing Data

Reports and Graphs

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Reports on a LayoutSelect records to include

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Reports on a LayoutGenerate a report

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Reports on a LayoutAdd report to the layout

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Graphs on a LayoutSelect records to includeCreate a graph and include on layout

GIS 40

Importing ChartsCreate graph in excelCopy and Paste object to layout

Population

050000

100000150000200000250000300000350000400000

Califo

rnia

Oklaho

ma

Arizon

a

New M

exico

Texa

s

North

Car

olina

Wash

ingt

on

New Y

ork

South

Dak

ota

Mich

igan

Mon

tana

Minn

esot

a

Population

Exporting Maps

GIS 42

Exporting MapsExport Images

GIS 43

Exporting MapsExport Images

GIS 44

Exporting MapsExport PDFs

GIS 45

Exporting MapsCopying to PowerPoint-copy individual objects

GIS 46

Exporting MapsPaste into PowerPoint or another application-paste objects individually

Other Outputs

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Other Outputs

•ARCIMS (Internet Mapping Server)•ArcExplorer (Free Viewer)•ArcReader (Free Viewer)

GIS 49

Other OutputsWEB Based Interactive GIS-ArcIMS-http://www.esri.com/software/internetmaps

GIS 50

Other OutputsMunicipality of Anchorage, Anchorage Alaska -http://home.muni.org/contents1/maps.cfm

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Other OutputsArcExplorer-Free GIS Viewing Application-http://www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer

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ArcReader-Free GIS Viewing Application-http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcreader/index.html-

Other Outputs

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Summary

• Map Design Principles• Map Audiences• Map Layouts• Scales• Multiple Maps• Reports and Graphs on a Layout• Exporting Maps• Other Map Outputs