Geofoam Solution (English)

ＥＤＯ－ＥＰＳＥＤＯ－ＥＰＳConstructionMethodConstructionMethodConstructionMethodConstructionMethod

EEPS Construction Method PS Construction Method

DD l tl t OO i tii tiDDevelopment evelopment OOrganizationrganization

SEKISUISEKISUI PLASTICS.CO.LTDPLASTICS.CO.LTD

Introduction of EDOIntroduction of EDOIntroduction of EDOIntroduction of EDO

EDOEDO（（EEPS C i M h dPS C i M h dEDOEDO（（EEPS Construction MethodPS Construction Method

DDevelopmentevelopment OOrganizationrganization））DDevelopment evelopment OOrganizationrganization））Established in 1986Established in 1986Established in 1986Established in 1986 MembersMembers consistingconsisting ofof

2828 t tit ti ii2828 constructionconstruction companies,companies, 44 specializedspecialized contractors,contractors, 66 EPSEPS materialmaterial manufacturersmanufacturers

ContentsContentsContentsContentsContentsContents ::

11.. WhatWhat isis EDOEDO--EPSEPS MethodMethod ??ll hh22.. MaterialMaterial CharacteristicsCharacteristics

33 DesigningDesigning ConceptConcept33.. DesigningDesigning ConceptConcept44.. PointsPoints ofof SpecialSpecial NoteNote whenwhenpp

designingdesigning andand workingworking withwith itit..55.. RecentRecent applicationsapplications

11．． What is EDOWhat is EDO--EPSEPS

Introduction of EPS Method into JapanIntroduction of EPS Method into JapanIntroduction of EPS Method into JapanIntroduction of EPS Method into Japan

1972 W ld’ fi t EPS li d t ti1972 W ld’ fi t EPS li d t ti 1972 : World’s first EPS applied construction 1972 : World’s first EPS applied construction (Flom Bridge in Oslo )(Flom Bridge in Oslo )

19851985 ThTh Fi tFi t EPSEPS I t ti lI t ti l C fC f 19851985::TheThe FirstFirst EPSEPS InternationalInternational ConferenceConference →→MotivationMotivation ofof Japan’sJapan’s introductionintroduction ofof EPSEPS methodmethod..

Japan’sJapan’s firstfirst constructionconstruction inin SapporoSapporo usingusing EPSEPS ..

19861986:: EDOEDO waswas establishedestablished..

CPC,Inc. tied up technically with NPRA CPC,Inc. tied up technically with NPRA (N i P bli R d Ad i i i )(N i P bli R d Ad i i i )(Norwegian Public Road Administration)(Norwegian Public Road Administration)

1972:1972:Flom Bridge in Oslo Flom Bridge in Oslo

-100

01940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

ent

cm

-300

-200

Set

tlem

e

YearSince 1972 - 15 cm in 1995

Japan’s first construction using EPSJapan’s first construction using EPSJapan s first construction using EPSJapan s first construction using EPS

the cumulative amount 5,600,000 m3 the cumulative amount 5,600,000 m3 up to the end of 2010up to the end of 2010

P d FP d FPurposes and Forms Purposes and Forms of EPS Use (2008) of EPS Use (2008)

EPS Use Purposes

EPS Use Forms in the case of Road

Light Weight Embankment Consumption Results Light Weight Embankment Consumption Results

compared by Material used.compared by Material used.

Testing EPS blocks using RealTesting EPS blocks using Real size unitssize unitsTesting EPS blocks using RealTesting EPS blocks using Real--size unitssize units

Test Trials and R&DTest Trials and R&DTest Trials and R&DTest Trials and R&DShaking base test on right square sided EPSShaking base test on right square sided EPS

Joint ResearchJoint Research

Shaking table test light weight concrete panel Shaking table test g g p

Quality Control TestsQuality Control TestsQuality Control TestsQuality Control Tests

圧縮試験圧縮試験 燃焼性試験燃焼性試験

緊結金具の引張試験緊結金具の引張試験

Performance Warranty for EDOPerformance Warranty for EDO--EPSEPSPerformance Warranty for EDOPerformance Warranty for EDO--EPS EPS

Labelling of EDOLabelling of EDOLabelling of EDO Labelling of EDO Certificate Sticker Certificate Sticker

Performance Warranty for EDOPerformance Warranty for EDO EPSEPSPerformance Warranty for EDOPerformance Warranty for EDO--EPSEPS

Joint MetalJoint MetalJoint MetalJoint Metal

・・SpecificationsSpecifications ruledruled inin EPSEPSppMethodMethod StandardStandard CodeCode・・ ApprovalApproval EngravedEngraved ononApprovalApproval EngravedEngraved ononeacheach metalmetal piecepiece asas EDOEDO--EPSEPSEPSEPS

2. Material Characteristics2. Material Characteristics

Standard Form of EPSStandard Form of EPSStandard Form of EPSStandard Form of EPS

Expanded Polystyrene （EPS）

Extruded Polystyrene（XPS）

Unit WeightUnit Weight （（kN/mkN/m33））

Expanded TypeExpanded Type Extruded TypeExtruded TypeTypeType DD--3030 DD--2525 DD--2020 DD--1616 DD--1212 DXDX--3535 DXDX--2929 DXDX--24H24H DXDX--2424

U.W.U.W.0.300.30 0.250.25

+0.015+0.015

0.200.200 010 01

0.160.16+0.015+0.015

0.120.120 0050 005

0.350.35 0.290.29 0.240.24 0.240.24±±0.020.02 ±±0.0150.015 --0.010.01 ±±0.010.01 --0.0050.005 ±±0.030.03 ±±0.020.02 ±±0.020.02 ±±0.020.02

P k& Sid lkRoad Park& Sidewalk

Compression CharacteristicsCompression Characteristics

Compression CharacteristicsCompression Characteristics（（kN/mkN/m22））（（kN/mkN/m22））

Expanded TypeExpanded Type Extruded TypeExtruded TypeTypeType DD--3030 DD--2525 DD--2020 DD--1616 DD--1212 DXDX--3535 DXDX--2929 DXDX--24H24H DXDX--2424

AllowableAllowableCompressCompress 9090 7070 5050 3535 2020 200200 140140 100100 6060iveive stressstress

Road Park&Sidewalk

Compression Characteristics Compression Characteristics

(Creep Characteristics)(Creep Characteristics)

Friction CharacteristicsFriction CharacteristicsFriction CharacteristicsFriction Characteristics EPS to EPSEPS to EPS μμ≧≧0 60 6 EPS to EPSEPS to EPS μμ≧≧0.60.6 EPS to Sand EPS to Sand μμ≧≧0.50.5

摩擦係数μμ

W/A（×100 ）

EPS to EPSEPS to EPS EPS to SandEPS to Sand

Friction Characteristics Friction Characteristics (Effectiveness of Joint Metal)(Effectiveness of Joint Metal)

2.0 緊結金具によるせん断応力の増分

緊結金具有り緊結金具無し

1.5

（t/m

2 ）

せん断応力の増分緊結金具無し

Friction +0 25up1.0

断応力τ

EPS-EPSμ＝0.64

Friction +0.25up

0.5

せん断

EPS EPS μ 0.64

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 30上載荷重σ（t/m2

）

Heat ResistingHeat ResistingHeat Resisting Heat Resisting Heat Resisting Temperature : 80 degreesHeat Resisting Temperature : 80 degrees

Temperature and Volume Contraction of EPSLeft :EPS Right : XPS

Reaction to Chemical SubstancesReaction to Chemical SubstancesReaction to Chemical SubstancesReaction to Chemical Substances

Dissolves in Gasoline Kerosene Oil PaintDissolves in Gasoline Kerosene Oil Paint Dissolves in Gasoline, Kerosene, Oil PaintDissolves in Gasoline, Kerosene, Oil Paint

Stable to Water Paint Sea Water CementStable to Water Paint Sea Water Cement Stable to Water Paint, Sea Water, CementStable to Water Paint, Sea Water, Cement

Protection with Polyethylene SheetProtection with Polyethylene SheetProtection with Polyethylene Sheet Protection with Polyethylene Sheet

Case example from a highway by-pass in which polyethylene sheet isCase example from a highway by pass in which polyethylene sheet is applied to cover EPS in anticipation of used water penetration

3. Designing Concept3. Designing Concept3. Designing Concept3. Designing Concept

Points to StudyPoints to StudyPoints to StudyPoints to Study EPS’s Compressive Stress against OverburdenEPS’s Compressive Stress against Overburden EPS s Compressive Stress against Overburden EPS s Compressive Stress against Overburden

Subsoil Settlement and EPS’s Float UpSubsoil Settlement and EPS’s Float UpEPS E b k ’ lid T d B iEPS E b k ’ lid T d B i EPS Embankment’s slide,Turnover and Bearing EPS Embankment’s slide,Turnover and Bearing CapacityCapacity

Stress Concentration on Bottom EPS Stress Concentration on Bottom EPS (of Widened (of Widened Embankment)Embankment)

Protection WallProtection Wall

EarthquakeEarthquake EarthquakeEarthquake

Study on Compressive StressStudy on Compressive StressStudy on Compressive StressStudy on Compressive Stress

Study on Subsoil SettlementStudy on Subsoil SettlementStudy on Subsoil SettlementStudy on Subsoil Settlement

P1＝γt・Dvertical stress at depth D before replacement by EPS

Pe＝γt1・h1＋γt2・（h2＋D）Pe＝γt1・h1＋γt2・（h2＋D）vertical stress at depth D after replacement by EPS.

Excavation depth is calculated by equating P1 to Pe.

P1EPS：γt2，h2舗装：γt1，h1

p y q g

EPSによる置換厚 D 軟弱層 γt

底面 (A）

EPSによる置換厚 D

基礎地盤

γ

Study on EPS Blocks Floating UpStudy on EPS Blocks Floating UpStudy on EPS Blocks Floating UpStudy on EPS Blocks Floating Up

FloatingFloating--Resistant EPS Block Resistant EPS Block →→ Buoyancy Reduction by 60%Buoyancy Reduction by 60%Buoyancy Reduction by 60%Buoyancy Reduction by 60%

Study on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress Concentration

Problem with Slope Ground’s Bearing Capacity ?Problem with Slope Ground’s Bearing Capacity ?

Determine EPS Type in view of Stress Concentration of the Site

Study on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress Concentration

when there is likely to undergo stress when there is likely to undergo stress concentration?concentration?

Study on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress ConcentrationStudy on Stress Concentration

Concrete SlabsConcrete SlabsConcrete SlabsConcrete SlabsWall TypeWall Type

Pavement

t=15cmUpper Slabs

Pavement

3ｍＥＰＳpp

wall

Middle Slabs

3ｍＥＰＳ

Concrete SlabsConcrete SlabsConcrete SlabsConcrete Slabs

Embankment typeEmbankment type

C t Sl b

t=10cm

C S il

Pavement

ＥＰＳ

Concrete SlabsCover Soil

Wall StructureWall StructureWall StructureWall Structure

EarthquakeEarthquake--Resistant DesignResistant Design

Aseismic DesignAseismic DesignAseismic DesignAseismic DesignH／B＝？

H／B≧0.8 H／B＜0.8 H／B＜0.8

H≧6m H＜6m

BB

HB

HB

H

Practice Practice/seismic coefficient

Not Practice

/seismic coefficient is applied

/seismic coefficient is not applied

4. Points of Special Note when 4. Points of Special Note when Designing & Working EPSDesigning & Working EPSDesigning & Working EPS Designing & Working EPS

Points of Special Note when executing Points of Special Note when executing constructionconstruction

StabilityStability ofof backback sideside ofof EPSEPS embankmentembankment onon thetheslopeslope

DrainageDrainage countermeasurescountermeasures Don’tDon’t havehave jointsjoints ofof thethe piledpiled blocksblocks meetmeet onon thethe Don tDon t havehave jointsjoints ofof thethe piledpiled blocksblocks meetmeet onon thethe

samesame lineline BackBack fillfill materialsmaterials shouldshould notnot bebe overcompactionovercompaction BackBack fillfill materialsmaterials shouldshould notnot bebe overcompactionovercompaction Advance consideration on compressive Advance consideration on compressive

deformation due to surcharge loaddeformation due to surcharge loaddeformation due to surcharge loaddeformation due to surcharge load

Settlement of EPS EmbankmentSettlement of EPS EmbankmentSettlement of EPS EmbankmentSettlement of EPS Embankment

ThreeThree categoriescategories existexist forfor EPSEPS embankmentembankmentsettlementsettlement ::

convergesconverges immediatelyimmediately afterafter layinglaying ofof EPSEPSblocksblocks

takestakes placeplace byby overburdenoverburden loadload takestakes placeplace byby overburdenoverburden loadload increasesincreases withwith timetime afterafter layinglaying ofof EPSEPS blocksblocks（（ creepcreep deformationdeformation ））（（ creepcreep deformationdeformation ））

EPS Block’s Creep DeformationEPS Block’s Creep DeformationEPS Block s Creep DeformationEPS Block s Creep Deformationひずみ（％）

D 20D-20

Case example of EPSCase example of EPS

１０ｍ１０ｍ HighHigh，１４０ｍ，１４０ｍ LongLong

Safety Confirmation of upper slabs and anchorSafety Confirmation of upper slabs and anchor headheadSafety Confirmation of upper slabs and anchorSafety Confirmation of upper slabs and anchor headhead

Floating due to heavy rainfall downpourFloating due to heavy rainfall downpourFloating due to heavy rainfall, downpourFloating due to heavy rainfall, downpour

Blocks blown off by a gust of windBlocks blown off by a gust of windBlocks blown off by a gust of windBlocks blown off by a gust of wind

Welding spark induced fire to EPS Welding spark induced fire to EPS blocks to burn outblocks to burn out

Wall panels damaged by water Wall panels damaged by water pressurepressure

Measures against wall panels’ Measures against wall panels’ deterioration or spoilingdeterioration or spoiling

Drainage ditch was dug Drainage ditch was dug along the base concretealong the base concrete

EPS Blocks dissolved by gasolineEPS Blocks dissolved by gasolineEPS Blocks dissolved by gasolineEPS Blocks dissolved by gasoline

Settlement of EPS embankment induced by the Settlement of EPS embankment induced by the back side surcharge load of soil embankment’sback side surcharge load of soil embankment’sback side surcharge load of soil embankment s back side surcharge load of soil embankment s

sinkingsinking

5 R t li ti5 R t li ti5.Recent applications5.Recent applications

Abutment earth pressure to reduce Embankment widening landslide

Anti-floating Block

Landslide areaLandslide areaLandslide areaLandslide area

Landslide areaLandslide area(completion)(completion)Landslide areaLandslide area(completion)(completion)

Be brightBe brightBe brightBe brightThink LightThink LightThink LightThink Light

A d d it i ht!A d d it i ht!And do it right!And do it right!

Thank o so m chThank you so much