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Text B. New words. Reading Skills. Unit 10 Section B. Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima. Reading Skills. Denotation and Connotation. Denotation is the literal meaning of a word —what we find in a dictionary ( 本义 ). Connotation , on the other hand, is the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Forty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima
Reading SkillsReading Skills New wordsText B
Unit 10 Unit 10
Section BSection B
Unit 10 Unit 10
Section BSection B
Denotation and Connotation Reading Skills
Denotation is the literal meaning of a word—what we find in a dictionary ( 本义 ).
Connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a word—what a word suggests to us, or what it makes us feel or think ( 言外之意 ).
Reading Skills
The word “die”, for example, means “stop living” in denotation. But in the sentence “Some die at 30 but are not buried until they’re 70”, the word “die” connotes “stop living spiritually” or “stop growing intellectually”.
Reading Skills
In order to fully understand figurative language, or figures of speech, we need to be aware of
the context in which the words appear. Generally speaking, the more we perceive the connotations
of the words, the more we can understand how a writer wants us to feel or
think.
Example 1
Night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England to America, telling of England’s battle for survival under the waves of German bombers. (Para. 1)
Denotation: a line of water that rises up on the surface of the sea, lake, river, etc.
Connotation: a quick succession of a certain intense activity (It has a rough, stormy, and unpleasant sense.)
Reading Skills
Example 2
On September 7, 1940, nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. (Para. 6)
Denotation: strike or beat as with the repeated blows, or the force of a hammer
Connotation: attack with great force (It also has a sense of forcefulness and heavy casualty.)
Reading Skills
1. innocent a. ① not guilty
她根本没有犯被指控的那个罪。
Word UsingWord Using
Key
Translation
Words and Expressions—Word Using
She is innocent of the crime with which shehas been charged.
1. innocent a. ② suffering harm although not involved
数千名无辜的儿童在这次冲突中被杀害了。Key
Translation
Words and Expressions—Word Using
Thousands of innocent children were killed in the conflict.
2. explode v.
① burst violently A bomb exploded at San Francisco’s busiest railway station this morning.
② (of feelings) burst out suddenly explode into (with) loud laughter; explode with (in) anger③ increase very quickly The rapidly exploding population in some countries is a serious problem for their governments.
爆炸
突然大笑
勃然大怒
迅速增长
Words and Expressions—Word Using
3. stagger v. ① walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall (from carrying sth. heavy, being weak, drunk or injured, etc.)
Key
Words and Expressions—Word Using
After he was attacked, he managed to stagger to the phone box to call for help.
Translation遭到袭击后,他摇摇晃晃地走到电话亭打电话求救。
3. stagger v. ② cause (sb.) to feel shocked or surprised because of sth. unexpected or very unusual happening
Key
Words and Expressions—Word Using
He staggered all of us by suddenly announcing that he was leaving the company at the end of the month.
Translation他突然宣布月底要离开公司,这使我们都大为吃惊。
4. expose v. ① uncover or leave sb./ sth. uncovered or unprotected ② make known
As a nurse in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.
Key
e.g.
Words and Expressions—Word Using
Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.
Translation呆在室内,不要把皮肤暴露在阳光下。
5. layout n. a way in which the parts of sth. are arranged according to a plan
In the new layout for the conference hall, the platform is to be placed at the western end.
Key
e.g.
Words and Expressions—Word Using
The book designer will have to redo the page layouts.
Translation这本书的设计者将不得不重新安排版面。
6. flesh n. ① the soft part of the body of a person or animal which is between the skin and the bones ② the body contrasted with the mind
Key
Words and Expressions—Word Using
• 诱捕器深深得嵌进了兔子的肉里诱捕器深深得嵌进了兔子的肉里。• 他一生放荡形骸他一生放荡形骸。• 心有余而力不足心有余而力不足。
Translation• The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit’s flesh.
• His life was devoted to the pleasures of the flesh.• The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.
7. draw vi. move or go steadily or gradually
Key
Words and Expressions—Word Using
• The bus drew in to the side of the road to let the The bus drew in to the side of the road to let the car pass.car pass.
• The train drew into/out of the station.The train drew into/out of the station.
Translation• 公共汽车开到路边,让轿车通过。
• 火车徐徐驶入 / 驶出车站。
Winter is drawing near.e.g.
8. sway n. ① cause (sth. / sb.) move slowly from side to side ② persuade (sb.) to believe or do one thing rather than another
Key
Words and Expressions—Word Using
• She swayed the baby gently until he went to sleep.She swayed the baby gently until he went to sleep.• When you are choosing a career, don’t be swayed just When you are choosing a career, don’t be swayed just
by promises of a future high income.by promises of a future high income.
Translation• 她轻轻摇晃着婴儿,直到他睡着。
• 挑选职业时,不要只被将来有高薪的承诺 所打动。
9. take sb. in ① allow sb. to stay in one’s house (esp. when the person is homeless or in trouble) ② (often passive) to make sb. believe sth. that is not true
• Since her husband was not in, Nancy refused to take in those two travelers for the night.
e.g.
Words and Expressions—Word Using
• She took me in completely with her story.
• Don’t be taken in by his charm—he is ruthless.
10. be seized with be affected by a strong feeling, desire, etc. suddenly and intensely
He was seized with sudden chest pains.
Key
e.g.
Words and Expressions—Word Using
The woman was seized with a desire to get even.
Translation那妇人心中充满了复仇的欲望。
1. Her incredible story _____ the imagination.A. staggered B. swayedC. exploded D. exposed
2. She threatened to _____ me to the police. A. explode B. seize C. stagger D. expose
A Mini - Test
Words and Expressions—Word Using
burst violentlyburst violently
uncover, unprotecteduncover, unprotected
move slowlymove slowly
not guiltynot guilty
nothing more than; onlynothing more than; only
move quicklymove quickly
a short looka short look
having plenty of spacehaving plenty of space
uncomfortableuncomfortable
innocentinnocent
meremere
explodeexplode
exposeexpose
roomyroomy
glimpseglimpse
swaysway
uneasyuneasy
dashdash
Old to NewOld to New
Words and Expressions—Old to New
Chinese to English
sink into unconsciousness
emigrate to America in the spirit of
adventure a life style flavored
with American ways
陷入昏迷
移居美国
冒险精神
带有美国情调的生活方式
Words and Expressions—C to E
towered over most Japanese men
be seized with fear dash down the slope
of the hill toward the flames
比大多数日本人都高
内心充满恐惧
冲下山坡,奔向熊熊的火焰
Words and Expressions—C to E
During World War II, Japan launched a sneak attack on the Peal Harbor, which provoked the war against the US.
… the Pacific War began …
The Background of Text The Background of Text BB
Text Study- The Background
The Peal Harbor Attack
Text Study- The Background
In order to defeat Japan, Truman, the U.S. President, decided to use the nuclear weapon. On August 6, 1945, an atomic bomb wasdropped on Hiroshima.
Text Study- The Background
What’s the fate of the little girl Kaz who used to live a carefree life before the bombing? Read the text, you’ll know t
he answer.
Fires burned almost 4.4 square miles completely. The explosion killed between 70,000 and 80,000 people besides injuring more than 70,000 others. A second bomb, dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, killed between 35,000 and 40,000 people, injured alike number, anddestroyed 1.8 miles.
Text Study- The Background
N H C E
Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima
Para. 1 On a brilliant summ
er’s morning in 1945, Kaz Ta
naka looked up into the sky o
ver Hiroshima and saw the b
eginning of the end of her wo
rld. She was 18.
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 2 A white dot
appeared in the sky, as
small and innocent-looking
as a slip of paper. It was falling
away from the plane, drifting down toward
them. The journey took a mere 43 seconds.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 1
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 3a The air exploded in
blinding lightning and color,
the rays shooting outward as
in a child’s drawing of the sun,
and Kaz was flung to the ground
so violently that her two front teeth
broke off; she had sunk into unconsciousn
ess. Kaz’s father had been out back weed
ing the vegetables in his underclothes.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 2
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 3b When he came staggering out of
the garden, blood was running from his
nose and mouth. By the next day the
exposed parts of his body had turned a
chocolate brown. What had been a luxury
home in that sector of the city came
thundering down.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 4a That life had been a comfortab
le one, wanting in nothing—at least, not u
ntil the war. Kaz’s father had
been born to a family of some wealth and
social position in Hiroshima, and had em
igrated to America in the early 1920s
in the spirit of adventure, not of need or f
light; he never intended to stay.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 4
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 4b He moved back to Hiroshima at 40;
it was expected of him as the sole male heir to
their name. But he brought his American
baby girl with him, and a lifestyle
flavored with American ways.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 3 Statement 5
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 5a The house he built was a roomy
one. There was a courtyard in front of th
e place and two gardens in back, one to p
rovide vegetables, one to delight the eye i
n the formal Japanese layout. One of the
two living rooms was American, with eas
y chairs instead of mats or tatami, and so
were the kitchen and bathroom..
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 5
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 5b Dinner was Japanese,
with the family sitting on the
floor in the traditional way.
Breakfast was American,
pancakes or bacon or
ham and eggs, taken
at the kitchen table.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 6 What remained of the life he had
made was blown to bits, though his home
was more than a mile from ground zero. He
was working on the side facing zero, and h
ad the front of his body and limbs burned.
His flesh, when Kaz touched him, had the
soft feel of a boiled tomato.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 6
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 7a Kaz was anxiously waiting for the return of another member of her family when a tall chap appeared where the gate had been. “He’s back!” she shouted; her brother, at six feet tall, towered over most Japanese men, and she knew at a glimpse that it was him. But when she drew closer, she could barely recognize him through his wounds.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 7b His school had fallen down around
him. He had struggled to a medical station. T
hey had splashed some medicine on the woun
ds, tied them with a bandage and sent him on
his way. For a moment, he stood swaying at t
he ruins of the gate. Kaz stared at him.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 8a Later, when night fell, Kaz and her
brother made for the mountains; a friend fro
m Kaz’s factory lived in a village on the slope
of a hill behind the city and had offered to ta
ke them in. It was midnight by the time they
found her place. Kaz looked back. The city w
as on fire. She felt uneasy, seized with fear, n
ot for herself but for her parents.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 7
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 8b She left her brother behind,
and dashed down the slope of the hill
toward the flames. The streets were
filled with the dead and barely living.
She kept on running, knowing only that
she had to be home.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 7
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 9a Kaz’s family had been luckier tha
n most. Her father with his burns had to lie
outdoors on a tatami, but her brother’s wou
nds refused to heal. As the others were recov
ering, Kaz fell ill with all the symptoms of r
adiation sickness. The disease was a frighte
ning result of the atomic bomb.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 7
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 9b Scientists in Los Alamos were surp
rised by its extent; they thought the blast wo
uld do most of the killing. Kaz felt as if she
were dying. She ran a fever. She felt sick an
d dizzy, almost drunk. Her gums and her bo
wels were bleeding. She looked like a ghost.
“I’m next,” she thought realistically;
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Chinese
Para. 9c she was an eighteen-
year-old girl waiting her turn
to die. No medicine worked,
since the only known treatment
for radiation sickness was rest. As winter
gave way to spring and spring to summer, Kaz
began to heal.
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Para. 10 The illness had not really left her; it ha
d gone into hiding, instead, and the physical and
mental after-effects of that historical August 6, 1
945, would trouble Kaz all the rest of her life.
Chinese
问题预览生词学习随 笔
阅读理解
Statement 8
N H C E自测技巧 Back
Directions: Decide whether the following
statements are true (T) or false (F) according to
the text.
( ) 1. It took a long time for the atomic bomb to
fall down and explode.
F
课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔
Refer to Para. 2
N H C E自测技巧 Back
( ) 2. Japanese people hadn’t expected such a disaster until it really happened.
T
课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔
( ) 3. Kaz was born in America and brought back to Japan by her father.
T
Refer to Para. 3
Refer to Para. 4b
N H C E自测技巧 Back
( ) 4. Kaz’s father moved to America with his family in the early 1920s because they couldn’t make a living in Japan.
( ) 5. Life in Kaz’s family was a little different fr
om that in most other Japanese families because i
t was flavored with American ways of life.
F
T
课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔
Refer to Para. 4a
Refer to Para. 4b&5a
N H C E自测技巧 Back
( ) 6. Kaz became very ill because she was seriousl
y burned.
( ) 7. Kaz’s father and brother died not long after
the blast.
( ) 8. Fortunately, Kaz’s disease was cured finally.
F
F
F
课文阅读 问题预览生词学习随 笔
Refer to Para. 6
Refer to Para. 8 & 9
Refer to Para. 10
Homework
• To be prepared for the dictation of vocabulary;
• Finish the exercises of section B in the textbook;
• Finish some exercises about Identifying the Writer’s Purpose.
• Review all units.• Teach themselves. (reading, speaking,
listening, writing, etc.)
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