Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima

Forty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over HiroshimaForty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima

Reading SkillsReading Skills New wordsText B

Unit 10 Unit 10

Section BSection B

Unit 10 Unit 10

Section BSection B

Denotation and Connotation Reading Skills

Denotation is the literal meaning of a word—what we find in a dictionary ( 本义 ).

Connotation, on the other hand, is the implied meaning of a word—what a word suggests to us, or what it makes us feel or think ( 言外之意 ).

Reading Skills

The word “die”, for example, means “stop living” in denotation. But in the sentence “Some die at 30 but are not buried until they’re 70”, the word “die” connotes “stop living spiritually” or “stop growing intellectually”.

Reading Skills

In order to fully understand figurative language, or figures of speech, we need to be aware of

the context in which the words appear. Generally speaking, the more we perceive the connotations

of the words, the more we can understand how a writer wants us to feel or

think.

Example 1

Night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England to America, telling of England’s battle for survival under the waves of German bombers. (Para. 1)

Denotation: a line of water that rises up on the surface of the sea, lake, river, etc.

Connotation: a quick succession of a certain intense activity (It has a rough, stormy, and unpleasant sense.)

Reading Skills

Example 2

On September 7, 1940, nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. (Para. 6)

Denotation: strike or beat as with the repeated blows, or the force of a hammer

Connotation: attack with great force (It also has a sense of forcefulness and heavy casualty.)

Reading Skills

1. innocent a. ① not guilty

她根本没有犯被指控的那个罪。

Word UsingWord Using

Key

Translation

Words and Expressions—Word Using

She is innocent of the crime with which shehas been charged.

1. innocent a. ② suffering harm although not involved

数千名无辜的儿童在这次冲突中被杀害了。Key

Translation


Thousands of innocent children were killed in the conflict.

2. explode v.

① burst violently A bomb exploded at San Francisco’s busiest railway station this morning.

② (of feelings) burst out suddenly explode into (with) loud laughter; explode with (in) anger③ increase very quickly The rapidly exploding population in some countries is a serious problem for their governments.

爆炸

突然大笑

勃然大怒

迅速增长


3. stagger v. ① walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall (from carrying sth. heavy, being weak, drunk or injured, etc.)

Key


After he was attacked, he managed to stagger to the phone box to call for help.

Translation遭到袭击后，他摇摇晃晃地走到电话亭打电话求救。

3. stagger v. ② cause (sb.) to feel shocked or surprised because of sth. unexpected or very unusual happening

Key


He staggered all of us by suddenly announcing that he was leaving the company at the end of the month.

Translation他突然宣布月底要离开公司，这使我们都大为吃惊。

4. expose v. ① uncover or leave sb./ sth. uncovered or unprotected ② make known

As a nurse in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.

Key

e.g.


Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.

Translation呆在室内，不要把皮肤暴露在阳光下。

5. layout n. a way in which the parts of sth. are arranged according to a plan

In the new layout for the conference hall, the platform is to be placed at the western end.

Key

e.g.


The book designer will have to redo the page layouts.

Translation这本书的设计者将不得不重新安排版面。

6. flesh n. ① the soft part of the body of a person or animal which is between the skin and the bones ② the body contrasted with the mind

Key


• 诱捕器深深得嵌进了兔子的肉里诱捕器深深得嵌进了兔子的肉里。• 他一生放荡形骸他一生放荡形骸。• 心有余而力不足心有余而力不足。

Translation• The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit’s flesh.

• His life was devoted to the pleasures of the flesh.• The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.

7. draw vi. move or go steadily or gradually

Key


• The bus drew in to the side of the road to let the The bus drew in to the side of the road to let the car pass.car pass.

• The train drew into/out of the station.The train drew into/out of the station.

Translation• 公共汽车开到路边，让轿车通过。

• 火车徐徐驶入 / 驶出车站。

Winter is drawing near.e.g.

8. sway n. ① cause (sth. / sb.) move slowly from side to side ② persuade (sb.) to believe or do one thing rather than another

Key


• She swayed the baby gently until he went to sleep.She swayed the baby gently until he went to sleep.• When you are choosing a career, don’t be swayed just When you are choosing a career, don’t be swayed just

by promises of a future high income.by promises of a future high income.

Translation• 她轻轻摇晃着婴儿，直到他睡着。

• 挑选职业时，不要只被将来有高薪的承诺所打动。

9. take sb. in ① allow sb. to stay in one’s house (esp. when the person is homeless or in trouble) ② (often passive) to make sb. believe sth. that is not true

• Since her husband was not in, Nancy refused to take in those two travelers for the night.

e.g.


• She took me in completely with her story.

• Don’t be taken in by his charm—he is ruthless.

10. be seized with be affected by a strong feeling, desire, etc. suddenly and intensely

He was seized with sudden chest pains.

Key

e.g.


The woman was seized with a desire to get even.

Translation那妇人心中充满了复仇的欲望。

1. Her incredible story _____ the imagination.A. staggered B. swayedC. exploded D. exposed

2. She threatened to _____ me to the police. A. explode B. seize C. stagger D. expose

A Mini - Test


burst violentlyburst violently

uncover, unprotecteduncover, unprotected

move slowlymove slowly

not guiltynot guilty

nothing more than; onlynothing more than; only

move quicklymove quickly

a short looka short look

having plenty of spacehaving plenty of space

uncomfortableuncomfortable

innocentinnocent

meremere

explodeexplode

exposeexpose

roomyroomy

glimpseglimpse

swaysway

uneasyuneasy

dashdash

Old to NewOld to New

Words and Expressions—Old to New

Chinese to English

sink into unconsciousness

emigrate to America in the spirit of

adventure a life style flavored

with American ways

陷入昏迷

移居美国

冒险精神

带有美国情调的生活方式

Words and Expressions—C to E

towered over most Japanese men

be seized with fear dash down the slope

of the hill toward the flames

比大多数日本人都高

内心充满恐惧

冲下山坡，奔向熊熊的火焰

Words and Expressions—C to E

During World War II, Japan launched a sneak attack on the Peal Harbor, which provoked the war against the US.

… the Pacific War began …

The Background of Text The Background of Text BB

Text Study- The Background

The Peal Harbor Attack


In order to defeat Japan, Truman, the U.S. President, decided to use the nuclear weapon. On August 6, 1945, an atomic bomb wasdropped on Hiroshima.


What’s the fate of the little girl Kaz who used to live a carefree life before the bombing? Read the text, you’ll know t

he answer.

Fires burned almost 4.4 square miles completely. The explosion killed between 70,000 and 80,000 people besides injuring more than 70,000 others. A second bomb, dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, killed between 35,000 and 40,000 people, injured alike number, anddestroyed 1.8 miles.


N H C E

Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima

Para. 1 On a brilliant summ

er’s morning in 1945, Kaz Ta

naka looked up into the sky o

ver Hiroshima and saw the b

eginning of the end of her wo

rld. She was 18.

N H C E自测技巧 Back

Para. 2 A white dot

appeared in the sky, as

small and innocent-looking

as a slip of paper. It was falling

away from the plane, drifting down toward

them. The journey took a mere 43 seconds.

Chinese

问题预览生词学习随笔

阅读理解

Statement 1


Para. 3a The air exploded in

blinding lightning and color,

the rays shooting outward as

in a child’s drawing of the sun,

and Kaz was flung to the ground

so violently that her two front teeth

broke off; she had sunk into unconsciousn

ess. Kaz’s father had been out back weed

ing the vegetables in his underclothes.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 2


Para. 3b When he came staggering out of

the garden, blood was running from his

nose and mouth. By the next day the

exposed parts of his body had turned a

chocolate brown. What had been a luxury

home in that sector of the city came

thundering down.

Chinese


阅读理解


Para. 4a That life had been a comfortab

le one, wanting in nothing—at least, not u

ntil the war. Kaz’s father had

been born to a family of some wealth and

social position in Hiroshima, and had em

igrated to America in the early 1920s

in the spirit of adventure, not of need or f

light; he never intended to stay.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 4


Para. 4b He moved back to Hiroshima at 40;

it was expected of him as the sole male heir to

their name. But he brought his American

baby girl with him, and a lifestyle

flavored with American ways.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 3 Statement 5


Para. 5a The house he built was a roomy

one. There was a courtyard in front of th

e place and two gardens in back, one to p

rovide vegetables, one to delight the eye i

n the formal Japanese layout. One of the

two living rooms was American, with eas

y chairs instead of mats or tatami, and so

were the kitchen and bathroom..

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 5


Para. 5b Dinner was Japanese,

with the family sitting on the

floor in the traditional way.

Breakfast was American,

pancakes or bacon or

ham and eggs, taken

at the kitchen table.

Chinese


阅读理解


Para. 6 What remained of the life he had

made was blown to bits, though his home

was more than a mile from ground zero. He

was working on the side facing zero, and h

ad the front of his body and limbs burned.

His flesh, when Kaz touched him, had the

soft feel of a boiled tomato.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 6


Para. 7a Kaz was anxiously waiting for the return of another member of her family when a tall chap appeared where the gate had been. “He’s back!” she shouted; her brother, at six feet tall, towered over most Japanese men, and she knew at a glimpse that it was him. But when she drew closer, she could barely recognize him through his wounds.

Chinese


阅读理解


Para. 7b His school had fallen down around

him. He had struggled to a medical station. T

hey had splashed some medicine on the woun

ds, tied them with a bandage and sent him on

his way. For a moment, he stood swaying at t

he ruins of the gate. Kaz stared at him.

Chinese


阅读理解


Para. 8a Later, when night fell, Kaz and her

brother made for the mountains; a friend fro

m Kaz’s factory lived in a village on the slope

of a hill behind the city and had offered to ta

ke them in. It was midnight by the time they

found her place. Kaz looked back. The city w

as on fire. She felt uneasy, seized with fear, n

ot for herself but for her parents.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 7


Para. 8b She left her brother behind,

and dashed down the slope of the hill

toward the flames. The streets were

filled with the dead and barely living.

She kept on running, knowing only that

she had to be home.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 7


Para. 9a Kaz’s family had been luckier tha

n most. Her father with his burns had to lie

outdoors on a tatami, but her brother’s wou

nds refused to heal. As the others were recov

ering, Kaz fell ill with all the symptoms of r

adiation sickness. The disease was a frighte

ning result of the atomic bomb.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 7


Para. 9b Scientists in Los Alamos were surp

rised by its extent; they thought the blast wo

uld do most of the killing. Kaz felt as if she

were dying. She ran a fever. She felt sick an

d dizzy, almost drunk. Her gums and her bo

wels were bleeding. She looked like a ghost.

“I’m next,” she thought realistically;

Chinese


阅读理解


Chinese

Para. 9c she was an eighteen-

year-old girl waiting her turn

to die. No medicine worked,

since the only known treatment

for radiation sickness was rest. As winter

gave way to spring and spring to summer, Kaz

began to heal.


阅读理解


Para. 10 The illness had not really left her; it ha

d gone into hiding, instead, and the physical and

mental after-effects of that historical August 6, 1

945, would trouble Kaz all the rest of her life.

Chinese


阅读理解

Statement 8


Directions: Decide whether the following

statements are true (T) or false (F) according to

the text.

( ) 1. It took a long time for the atomic bomb to

fall down and explode.

F

课文阅读问题预览生词学习随笔

Refer to Para. 2


( ) 2. Japanese people hadn’t expected such a disaster until it really happened.

T


( ) 3. Kaz was born in America and brought back to Japan by her father.

T

Refer to Para. 3

Refer to Para. 4b


( ) 4. Kaz’s father moved to America with his family in the early 1920s because they couldn’t make a living in Japan.

( ) 5. Life in Kaz’s family was a little different fr

om that in most other Japanese families because i

t was flavored with American ways of life.

F

T


Refer to Para. 4a

Refer to Para. 4b&5a


( ) 6. Kaz became very ill because she was seriousl

y burned.

( ) 7. Kaz’s father and brother died not long after

the blast.

( ) 8. Fortunately, Kaz’s disease was cured finally.

F

F

F


Refer to Para. 6

Refer to Para. 8 & 9

Refer to Para. 10

Homework

• To be prepared for the dictation of vocabulary;

• Finish the exercises of section B in the textbook;

• Finish some exercises about Identifying the Writer’s Purpose.

• Review all units.• Teach themselves. (reading, speaking,

listening, writing, etc.)

Documents

Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima