View
30
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Technologies Tetra Gprs Edge Umts
Citation preview
1 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
OtherOtherTechnologiesTechnologies : TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS
2 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Module objectives
9 Describe the basics of TETRA and HSCSD systems
9 Describe the basics of GPRS and EDGE
9 List the main characteristics of UMTS
At the end of this module you will be able to
3 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Content of Other Technologies
9 TETRA
9 HSCSD, GPRS AND EDGE
9 UMTS
4 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Other Technologies
9 TETRA
9 HSCSD, GPRS AND EDGE
9 UMTS
5 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
TETRABasics
TErrestrial Trunked RAdio system Digital radio system Trunking system Uses 4:1 TDMA Uses ACELP speech codec Uses 25 kHz carrier spacing Mainly used frequency bandwidth 380 - 400; 410 - 430 MHz
6 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
TETRA Network Architecture
DSCNMC DXT
TBSTBS
Inter-System Interface (ISI)
PSTN/PABX InterfaceData Network Interface
CCS Interface
Other Interfaces
DWSDSC
TMR 400
THR 400
DST
7 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
TETRA Services
Teleservices: Individual call Group call Direct mode operation Broadcast call
Bearer Services (data communication): Status messages Short data service Packet data communication Circuit switched data communication
Supplementary Services: Enhances tele- or bearer service Cannot be used alone
8 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Other Technologies
9 TETRA
9 HSCSD, GPRS AND EDGE
9 UMTS
9 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
HSCSDBasics
High Speed Circuit Switched Data Data rate up to 57.6 kbit/s Multiple set of basic resources (TCH) is reserved for one high speed data call Data rate and number of reserved timeslots can be defined by the user
application S7 implementation of the feature is for up to 4 channels (each channel
corresponds to 9.6/14.4 kbit/s)
. . .PSTNISDNPDN
IWF
MSCBSC/TRAUBTS
10 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
HSCSDSupported Data Services
RTSLs used 9,6 Kbit/s 14,4 Kbit/s
1 9,6 Kbit/s 14,4 Kbit/s
2 19,2 Kbit/s 28,8 Kbit/s
3 28,8 Kbit/s 43,2 Kbit/s
4 38,4 Kbit/s 57,6 Kbit/s
Asynchronous and synchronous bearer services
Transparent and non-transparent transfer modes
Symmetric or asymmetric data transfer in Air interface (e.g. 3 downlink and 1 uplink)
11 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
New Applications & Uses Feasible
GPRSBasics
General Packet Radio Service
End User (compared to 9.6 data & HSCSD): Service differentiation opportunities Always connected Pay per bit transferred Higher speeds Faster session set up
Operator: Service differentiation opportunities Catch Corporate business (including speech) Additional revenue for content Get more use out of network investment Path to 3rd Generation
12 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
GPRSCircuit Switched vs. Packet Switched
Circuit Switched
Packet Switched
13 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
MSC
SS7 signalingNetwork
PSTN
ISDN
BSCBTS
IP networksInternet
Packet Core
IP BackboneFirewall
Gateway GPRSSupport Node
Serving GPRS
Support Node
HLR
GGSN
SGSN
GPRSNetwork Overview
14 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
SW Upgrade in MSC/VLR and HLR
GPRS capable MS
NMS Upgrade to T12
MSC
ISDN/PSTNNetwork
EIR
HLR/AuC
SMSC
BSCBTS
Um
HW and SW Upgrade in BSC (S9+PCU)
SW Upgrade in BTS
Internet or Corporate
LAN
GPRS CoreNetwork
GPRS Core Network Elements
New Services (APNs, WAP)
GPRSHW & SW Upgrades from GSM
15 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
TRX 1
TRX 2
CCCH TS TS TS TS TS TS TS
TS TS TS TS TS TS TSTS
Dedicated GPRS Capacity
Circuit Switched Territory
Packet Switched Territory
Territory border moves dynamically based on Circuit
Switched traffic load
Circuit Switched capacity not affectedby introducing GPRS
Circuit Switched traffic has priority
In each cell Circuit Switched & Packet Switched territories are defined
Territories consist of consecutive timeslots
GPRSTerritory Method
16 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
GPRSCoding Schemes & Multiple TS
CS1 & CS2: implemented in ALL Nokia BTS without HW change CS3 & CS4: future release (with added HW in the BTSs) Coding scheme selection is done dynamically based on BLER (BLock
Error Rate) Rel. 1 also allows up to 8 air interface timeslots to be combined
together to give higher rate connections
Channel Coding Scheme CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4Single TS Data Rate 9.05 kbit/s 13.4 kbit/s 15.6 kbit/s 21.4 kbit/s8 TS Data Rate 72.0 kbit/s 107.2 kbit/s 124.8 kbit/s 171.2kbit/s
Nokia GPRS release 1
More Data Less ErrorCorrection
17 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
EDGEBasics
Enhanced Data rate for Gsm Evolution (EDGE) Update of the GSM standard towards 3G networks/mobiles Operators who do not get/want 3G-license (UMTS/WCDMA) can provide 3G-
services anyway Enhancement results from introduction of new modulation (8-PSK) + channel
coding schemes ECSD (Enhanced Circuit Switched Data): circuit switched channels/services.
Updates HSCSD for 8-PSK modulation EGPRS (Enhanced GPRS): packet switched channels/services. Updates GPRS for 8-
PSK modulation
18 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
EDGEEDGE in GSM/GPRS Networks
EDGE 8-PSK coverage
EDGE capable TRX, GSM compatible
EDGE GMSK coverage
A-bisBTS
BTS
MSC
Gn
GGSN
EDGE capableterminal, GSM
compatible
More capacity in interfacesto support higher data usage
GbBSC
A
SGSN
EDGE functionality inthe network elements
19 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
(0,0,1)
(1,0,1)
(d(3k),d(3k+1),d(3k+2))=
(0,0,0)
(0,1,0)
(0,1,1)
(1,1,1)
(1,1,0)
(1,0,0)
EDGE8-PSK Modulation
8-PSK (Phase Shift Keying) is the new modulation of EDGE
Non-constant envelope high requirements for linearity of the power amplifier
Because of amplifier non-linearities, a 2-4 dB power decrease (back-off) is typically needed
3 bits per symbol
22.5 offset to avoid origin crossing
Symbol rate and burst length identical to those of GMSKEDGE GSM
Modulation 8-PSK, 3bit/sym GMSK, 1 bit/symSymbol rate 270.833 ksps 270.833 kspsBits/burst 348 bits 114 bitsGross rate/time slot 69.6 kbps 22.8 kbps
20 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Other Technologies
9 TETRA
9 HSCSD, GPRS AND EDGE
9 UMTS
21 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
UMTSStandardisation
22 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
UMTSNetwork Architecture
Core NetworkRAN
Air
Air
Air
Iupacket
Iucircuit
Iur
Iur
RNC
RNC
RNC
Iub
Iub
Iub
BS
BS
BS
BS
BSBS
BSMSC
Serving GPRSSupport Node(SGSN type U)
IWUTC
IuIu
Circuit Domain
Packet Domain
23 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
UMTS UL(FDD)
60 MHz
UMTS(TDD)
20 MHz
1920
1900 2000 2100 2200
UMTS DL(FDD)
60 MHz
1980 2110 2170
UMTS(TDD)
15 MHz
20102025
UMTSAllocated Bandwidth
24 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
5 MHz
3.84 MHz
f
Guard Bands
UMTSWCDMA Carrier
25 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
FrequencyPo
w
e
r
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
W
a
t
t
s
/
H
z
) Unspread narrowband signal
Spread wideband signal
W
R
UMTSSpreading / Despreading
A narrowband signal is spread to a wideband signal
26 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Frequency (Hz)
Unspreadnarrowband signal
P
o
w
e
r
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
W
/
H
z
)
W
Packet data user (384 kbit/s*)R
Unspread"narrowband"
signal Spread wideband signal
Processing Gain G=W/R=25 dB
UMTSProcessing Gain
The processing gain depends on the user data rate
(user data rate*) x (processing gain) = const = W = 3,84 Mcps
Spreading sequences of different length
* data rate before spreading and coding
Frequency (Hz)
P
o
w
e
r
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
W
/
H
z
)
W
Voice user (12,2 kbit/s*)R
Spread wideband signal
Processing Gain G=W/R=10 dB
27 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
BER
Eb/No
Different Data Rate
The NRT Services are typically asymmetric
Services Target Quality Processing Gain
12.2 kbps BER
28 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
High bit rates
Spectral efficiency
Different qualityrequirements
Efficient packet data
Downlink capacity
WCDMA GSMCarrier spacing 5 MHz 200 kHz
Frequency reuse factor 1 118Power control frequency 1500 Hz 2 Hz or lower
Quality controlRadio resource
management algorithmsNetwork planning
(frequency planning)
Frequency diversity 5 MHz bandwidth gives multipath diversity with
Rake receiverFrequency hopping
Packet dataLoad-based packet
schedulingTime slot based
scheduling with GPRS
Downlink transmit diversity
Supported for improving downlink capacity
Not supported by the standard, but can be
applied
UMTSDifferences with GSM
29 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
Exercises / Questions
9 List the main differences between GSM, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS!
9 What advantages does packet switching have?
30 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0
References
1. T. Halonen, J. Romero, J. Melero GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance, Wiley 2002.
2. H. Holma, A. Toskala WCDMA for UMTS, Wiley 2001.
3. J. Lempiinen, M. Manninen, Radio Interface System Planningfor GSM/GPRS/UMTS, Kluwer Academic Publishers 2001.
Recommended